Proofs may be from OTHER VERSES:#4 of 20
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# 10 YEAR Ayelet DAILY-RASHI-YOMI CYCLE #
# Nov 22, 2000 #
# Rashis 412-414 Of 7800 (5.3%) #
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OVERVIEW:
========
In this module we explore Rashis that derive their
lesson from OTHER VERSES.
There are two basic techniques of Rashi in these
verses.
One basic technique of Rashi in these verses is to
>CONFIRM BIBLICAL CROSS REFERENCE<
A Second basic technique of Rashi in these verses is to
>CLARIFY MEANING IN ONE VERSE BY AN OTHER VERSE<
REFERENCES
==========
Material in this module comes from
http://www.rashiyomi.com/ov.htm
The material on Example 11 comes from
http://www.RashiYomi.Com/h5n15.htm
Please feel free to browse there.
TODAYS UNIT
===========
In todays unit we show both examples of CROSS REFERENCE as
well as examples of CLARIFYING USING OTHER VERSES
#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*# (C) Dr Hendel, 2000 *#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*
EXAMPLE 9: Dt11-08a
=========
Dt11-08 says >And when God widens your land AS HE SWORE TO
the patriarchs and gives you the land which
He SAID HE WOULD GIVE to your forefathers
And you will add again 3 extra lands...<
The capped phrases >AS HE SWORE TO< and >HE SAID HE WOULD GIVE<
cross references Gn15-19:21 where God promises Abraham 10 nations
But in fact (eg Dt07-01) God only gave us 7 nations. It follows
that God will one day give us 3 further lands. The exact text
of the cross-referenced verses is
------------------------------------------------------------------
Gn15-18:21 >God made a convenant to give Abraham the following
Kayni Knizi Kadmoni Chiti Prazi Refaim Emori Cnani Girgashi Yvusi<
Dt07-01 --1-- -*5-- -*6--- --3-- --4-- ---2---- --7--
------------------------------------------------------------------
Dt07-01 mentions the nations in the order shown
--Chiti(1), Girgashi(2), Emori(3). Note that
NOTES
=====
*5 The >Prazi< in Gn15 is called >Prizi< in Dt07
*6 The >Refaim< in Gn15 corresponds to >Chivi< in Dt07-01. I at
present know of no explanation for this. A conjecture is
presented below
EXAMPLE 10: Dt26-19a
==========
Dt26-19a says >And God will make you a lead nation....
and will make you a holy nation..AS HE SAID<
The capped words >AS HE SAID< cross-references Lv20-26
Lv20-26 says >And you will be holy to me<
COMMENT:
=======
Note the difference between Example 10 and 9.
In both examples the verse says >AS GOD SAID<
But in Example 10 we >CITE< a verse which >DIRECTLY SAYS< it
(Dt26-19a says >God will make you holy as HE SAID< while Lv20-26
says >& You will be HOLY TO ME< Thus the cross reference is
direct)
By contrast, In Example 9 we >CITE< a verse from which we
only >INFER< the citation. (Dt11-08 says >When God expands
your territory AS HE SAYS< while Gn15-18 does not directly
say >God made a convenant to expand the territory< but rather
Gn15-18:21 says that God promised 10 lands which means 3 other
lands over the 7 given (Dt07-01) will be given in the future.
Thus the citation is >INFERRED<)
Example 11 does not use pure CROSS REFERENCE but rather uses
the technique of CLARIFYING BY OTHER VERSES.
EXAMPLE 11: Ex13-18c
==========
Ex13-18c says >And the Jews left Egypt FIFTHED<
There are two possible interpretations of this verse
-----------------------------------------------------------
INTERPRETATION 1: Ex13-17d >And the Jews left Egypt ARMED<
INTERPRETATION 2: Ex13-17d >TWENTY% of the Jews left Egypt<
-----------------------------------------------------------
In fact INTERPRETATION 1 is the usual translation. Indeed
in many verses, the word >FIFTHED< is used to denote
being armed (Cf Jos1:14, Jos4:12, Jud7:11 where armed
soldiers are called >FIFTHED< soldiers).
Apparently just as in English we refer to an >ARMED<
person by the word >ARM< because you fight with your
arms so too in Hebrew we refer to an armed person as
a >FIFTHED PERSON< because you fight with your fists
which has >FIVE FINGERS< (Other suggestions between
>FIVE< and >ARMED< have been advanced..the main point
here is that the usual translation is >INTERPRETATION 1<
--- a >FIFTHED< person is an >ARMED< person)
So why does Rashi pick >INTERPRETATION 2ALL< occurences of the
word >FIFTHED< always mean >ARMED<. How then can Rashi say it
means 20%(One fifth)--how can Rashi choose >INTERPRETATION 2<
Notice how strong this objection to Rashi is. Notice that
without an answer to this objection Rashi looks homiletic.
However the simple answer is that Rashi was guided by an
OTHER VERSE. Indeed if we read Ex13-16 it says
>And when God took the Jews out of Egypt....He did not
lead them by the Philistines even though it was near...
because God was concerned that the Jews would turn back
when they saw war<
So Rashi concludes: If the Jews (who had been slaves) were
afraid of war then how can the next verse say that God
armed them? Rashi therefore selected a non-standard
meaning of >FIFTHED< in order >TO BE CONSISTENT WITH THE
PREVIOUS VERSE<.
In passing the idea that only 20% of the Jews left Egypt
or that 80% perished is consistent with several other
verses which show large destructions of Jews during
times of crisis and redemption. For example
--Isa6-13 says that 90% of the Jews died
--Zach13-8 says that 66% of the Jews died
--Nu14-26 says that 50% of the Jews(the men)died
--------------------------------------------------------------
CONJECTURE: Why is >Refaim< Called >Chivi<
==========
Perhaps >Refaim< is a >GENERIC< name to any powerful people
Thus we find that
--the Philistines gathered in Refaim Valley (2Sam5-19)
--the Philistines also occupied Givon (1Ch14-16)
--but the Chivi came from Givon. (Jos9-3,Jos11-19)
So perhaps the Chivi was one of the Refaim states. Since
the Chivi made a peace treaty with Joshua(Jos9) and the rest
of the Refaim were destroyed it would make sense to call
the Chivi, Refaim after their destroyed parent nation.
#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*# (C) Dr Hendel, 2000 *#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*