The 10 Hebrew words for Volume:#5 of 5 ########################################################### # 10 YEAR Ayelet DAILY-RASHI-YOMI CYCLE # # Mar 11, 2001 # # Rashis 637-637 Of 7800 (8.2%) # # # # VISIT THE RASHI YOMI ARCHIVES # # ----------------------------- # # http://www.RashiYomi.Com/calendar.htm # # # # Reprinted with permission from Rashi-is-Simple, # # (c) 1999-Present, RashiYomi Inc., Dr Hendel President # #Permission to reprint with this header but not for profit# # # # WARNING: READ with COURIER 10 (Fixed width) FONTS # # # ########################################################### -- GRAND SUMMARY -- RULE ==== There are 10 basic words denoting measurement. They are compactly presented in the LIST below. Rashis on these 10 terms are presented afterwards. {LIST} Here are the basic Biblical words denoting measurement Next to each term we given a ROUGH ENGLISH EQUIVALENT-- for example the BIBLICAL LOG has the volume of 6 eggs which is about 1 English CUP. The right column gives the equivalant volume in EGGS, the fundamental unit of volume in Jewish Law. Footnotes provide more details ============================================================== WORD ROUGH EQUIVALANT EQUIVALANT # OF EGGS ========= ================ ============================== Egg TABLESPOON*1 Fundamental Unit of Volume Log CUP 6 TABLESPOONS Kav QUART 24 eggs = 4 CUPS Hin GALLON 72 eggs = 3 QUARTS = 6 Log*2 Seah DOUBLE GALLON 144 eggs= 6 QUARTS = 24 log*2 AyFaH*3*4 CARTON 432 eggs= 3 SEAH= 18 QUARTS COR TRUCKLOAD 4320 eggs=10 CARTONS=30 Seah*5 NOTES ===== *1 Teaspoon = 2/11 of an Egg (Rambam Theft 8) Actually >LADEL< or >FLUID OUNCE< would be a better translation than >TABLESPOON< *2 HIN/LOG are usually associated with >Liquid< measure. Seah/Kav are usually associated with >Dry< measures. Thus Rashis point on Lv19-36b and Lv19-36c is that there is a legal obligation to make legal rules for both >DRY< and >LIQUID< measures. The Rambam notes that >DRY< and >LIQUID< measures have different requirements--for example liquid measures will more frequently have residues from previous measurements (See Rambam Theft 8:13 and commentaries) *3 AYFAH(Dry measure) = BATH(Liquid measure) (Ez45-11) They both hold the same amount of volume (Ez45-11) *4 the OMER=1 Day of Food=7 Cups=43.2 Eggs=1/10 EYFAH(Ex16-36a) *5 See Isa05-10 & Ez45-11 for an explicit statement {END OF LIST} GOALS: ===== A person completing this module will be able to correctly use Biblical words on Measurement. A person completing this module will also be familiar with typical daily usages --how much food is eaten in a day; --how much oil is burned in a night --How much is in a teaspoon etc TODAYS UNIT =========== In todays unit we present the Grand Summary. We also present one more Rashi; a LIST compactly presenting all oil and wine libations in the Temple. REFERENCE: ========= This module comes from the following digest in the Rashi-is-Simple series http://www.RashiYomi.Com/h9n12.htm #*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*# (C) Dr Hendel, 2001 *#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#* -- GRAND SUMMARY -- RASHI MEASUREMENT WHAT THIS MEASURE EQUALS ======== =========== ==================================== Ex16-36a OMER OMER=1/10th EYPAH = 43.2 eggs *1*2 Lv23-10b OMER OMER=1/10th EYPAH*1 Ex29-40a TENTH ONE TENTH=1/10th EYPHAH*3 Ex29-40c HIN 1 HIN = 12 LOG*4 Ex30-24b HIN 1 HIN = 12 LOG*5 Ex30-31b HIN 1 HIN = 12 LOG*6 Lv19-36b LIQUID/DRY HIN,LOG=LIQUID SEAH,KAV=DRY*7 Lv19-36c LIQUID/DRY HIN,LOG=LIQUID SEAH,KAV=DRY*7 Lv23-18b WINE LIBATION Each sacrifice has its own measure*8 -----------------------FOOTNOTES------------------------------ *1 Rashi Defines the OMER= 1/10th of an EYPAH=43.2 eggs=7 Cups *2 Rashi reviews the definition of several measurements on Ex16-36a. This is typical of Rashi. He will give one big OVERVIEW on one Rashi and then give 2-3 word explanations on many of the other verses *3 Rashi also explains that the term >ONE TENTH< by itself, denotes ONE TENTH=ONE TENTH EYPHAH=OMER However this is not based on tradition but rather on the fact that although the Torah usually says a TENTH OF FLOUR (and nothing further) nevertheless in 2 verses it explicitly states a TENTH OF AN AYFAH OF FLOUR (eg Nu28-05 vs Nu28-13) Also see Nu05-15 and Lv14-21 Thus this identifying of ONE TENTH and ONE TENTH OF AN AYFAH follows the Rabbi Ishmael rule of --------------------------------------------------- --If there is a general category (eg TENTHS) --which is unspecified (eg it does not say a TENTH of what); --but in one case it does specify(eg Nu28-05 states 1/10 AYFAH) --THEN --the specified case (which states TENTH=TENTH AYFAH) --does not apply to only that one case but rather --applies to all cases(ie ONE TENTH=ONE TENTH AYFAH) ---------------------------------------------------- *4 Hence (Ex29-40c) 1/4 HIN = 3 Log *5 On Ex30-24b Rashi, besides explaining the measurement, makes some comments on how they prepared the roots of certain spices for Temple oils. This need not concern us now *6 Finally, my favorite pet peeve--Rashi NEVER USED GEMATRIAHS Here is the VERSE, the RASHI with a GEMATRIAH and the SIMPLE explanation(Ex30-31b) VERSE-->You shall use THIS oil for all generations to annoint< RASHI-->The word THIS in numerology equals 12. This teaches that for all generations we must use the 12 LOG oil SIMPLE EXPLANATION-- The Bible >EXPLICITLY< says that >The OIL prepared by Moses used 12 LOGS of oil<(Ex30-24) The Bible then says >And similarly you shall use THIS oil for all generations<. So Rashi is Simple: The word THIS refers to the oil prepared by Moses which had 12 LOGS of oil and that is the amount always to be used. And Rashi in his usual punny manner stated this as a NUMEROLOGY so people should remember it *7 >HIN/LOG< are usually associated with >LIQUID< measure. >SEAH/KAV< are usually associated with >DRY< measures. Thus Rashis point on Lv19-36b and Lv19-36c is that there is a legal obligation to make legal rules for both >DRY< and >LIQUID< measures. The Rambam notes that >DRY< and >LIQUID< measures have different requirements--for example liquid measures will more frequently have residues from previous measurements These residues could distort measurement of future purchases and this necessitates stricter laws for liquid measurements.(See Rambam Theft 8:13 and commentaries) *8 This Rashi uses the technique of OTHER VERSES. For the verse speaks about >FLOUR and WINE ACCOMPANIMENT TO EACH SACRIFICE<. But these ACCOMPANIMENTS are completely specified in Nu15 the OTHER VERSE. They are as follows {LIST} Every animal sacrifice had ACCOMPANYING it, FLOUR, OIL and WINE libations. The amounts of FLOUR OIL and WINE depended on the ANIMAL offered. The following LIST compactly exhibits the required relationships =========================================================== ANIMAL FLOUR ACCOMPANIMENT OIL WINE ====== =================== ========= =========== Sheep 1 OMER AyFaH*a 1/4th HIN 1/4th HIN*b Ram 2 OMER AyFaH 1/3rd HIN 1/3rd HIN Ox 3 OMER AyFAH 1/2 HIN 1/2 HIN NOTES ===== *a Thus the flour accompaniment was the amount of food needed for one day of meals *b HIN = 12 Log. Hence 1/4th HIN = 3 Log Rav Hirsch Points out that that FLOUR accompaniments are ASCENDING (1,2,3) while the denominators of the OIL and WINE accompaniments are DESCENDING (1/4th,1/3rd,1/2) {END OF LIST} #*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*# (C) Dr Hendel, 2001 *#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*