2 words: WITH vs ACCOMPANY :#4 of 4 ########################################################### # 10 YEAR Ayelet DAILY-RASHI-YOMI CYCLE # # May 1, 2001 # # Rashis 730-732 Of 7800 (9.4%) # # # # VISIT THE RASHI YOMI ARCHIVES # # ----------------------------- # # http://www.RashiYomi.Com/calendar.htm # # # # Reprinted with permission from Rashi-is-Simple, # # (c) 1999-Present, RashiYomi Inc., Dr Hendel President # #Permission to reprint with this header but not for profit# # # # WARNING: READ with COURIER 10 (Fixed width) FONTS # # # ########################################################### ANNOUNCEMENTS ------------- * PROFESSIONAL LOOKING WORD VERSION NOW AVAILABLE Two versions are going out tonight: * A text version * Professional looking word version You can simply click on http://www.RashiYomi.Com/with-4.htm or if your browser accepts HTML you can read the HTML version The HTML version has word quality: * Professional looking tables * Inside-Outside viewer technology * Skillful use of Font sizes, bold and color * THE SEMIANNUAL CALENDAR DOWNLOAD WILL BE AVAILABLE SUNDAY Yes it is a year. We have close to 10% of all Rashis. An explodable download will be available on Sunday containing the entire year and all Daily Rashi postings in HTML format. Let us now get to the GRAND SUMMARY. GOALS: ------ A person completing this module will be able to correctly identify the nuances of the 2 Hebrew phrases meaning WITH HIM OVERVIEW: --------- This module focuses on a beautiful principle of the Malbim which can explain many difficult Midrashim. In a nutshell, in Hebrew there are two ways to say that an activity was done WITH someone---you can use the Hebrew words IMO and ITO which loosely speaking translate to WITH vs ACCOMPANYING Malbim(Lv19-13) explicitly suggests that ---IMO (WITH) implies that BOTH were equal in the activity ---ITO (ACCOMPANIED) implies one was SUBORDINATE to the other A modern linguistic analogy would be VOUS vs TU in French (both mean YOU but you only use TU with someone you are FAMILIAR with and use VOUS with a stranger). TODAYS UNIT ----------- We summarize our previous examples in a GRAND SUMMARY. We also include many laws derived from Biblical verses but not found in Rashi. This is consistent with the spirit of this series where Rashi rules are applied to new situations. REFERENCE: ---------- This module comes from the following digests in the Rashi-is-Simple series. This digest uses the old (confusing) notation. We have fixed up the notation here. http://www.RashiYomi.Com/h3n13.htm #*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2001, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*# ========= GRAND SUMMARY: 2 WORD: WITH vs ACCOMPANY ============= This LIST compactly presents laws learned from the distinction of WITH(IM) vs ACCOMPANY(ETH). The footnotes fillin relevant sources. Several verses are brought where the principle applies but is not brought down by Rashi. ================================================================ VERSE PRONOUN LAW learned from WITH/ACCOMPANY ======== ================== ==================================== Ex22-24b be WITH the poor Be empathic to his poverty *1 Gn39-10b be WITH her SHARE with her in hell *2 Dt14-27b inherits WITH you Levite inheritance SUBORDINATE*3 Lv25-41a Slave WITH childrn Children& slave SHARE from master *4 Dt22-04b Lift WITH him *5 Lift animal only if owner helps also Lv19-13 worker SUBORDINATE Only if hirer pays *6 Dt15-16 Slave is WITH you Slave & master SHARE food,housing *7 Nu22 Bilam/Moab Many verses with WITH/ACCOMPANY *8 NOTES ===== *1 eg A Midrash Rabbah story about Rabbi Chiiyas wife: When shopping she would always purchase 2 cuts of meat.. one for the poor and one for oneself (This Showed empathy WITH the poor) *2 This verse deals with the attempted seduction by Potiperahs wife of Joseph. In this particular verse she promises that Joseph would be WITH Potiperahs wife, not just ACCOMPANY her. I think the reference is to Potiperahs wife killing her husband, marrying Joseph, and thus letting Joseph who was a slave become her equal. The interpretation of the phrase SLEEP NEAR HER as referring to LYING WITHOUT INTIMACY is justified in a separate list in the notes below. *3 eg The Levite INHERITANCE of Israel was SUBORDINATE to the Israelite INHERITANCE of Israel. For example: Levite temple gifts depend on people giving to them. By contrast ordinary people are not dependent on others for gifts. Similarly Levites were forced to give asylum to accidental murderers in their cities(sometimes rent-free) while ordinary people did NOT have to rent their houses free *4 The verse speaks about the SLAVE and his CHILDREN WITH HIM going free. This is explained as follows: The SLAVE and CHILD are WITH each other (i.e. both get support from the master). But if the CHILD received from the SLAVE who received from the master, then the CHILD would ACCOMPANY the SLAVE upon exit to freedom since the child is subordinate to the slave. *5 The Bible is speaking about the case where someones animal is collapsing under a burden. There is a Biblical commandment to help the owner unload, let the animal rest, and then reload However this Biblical commandment only applies when the owner helps you. If by contrast the owner sits on the side and asks you to do all the work then there is no obligation to help Using Biblical lingo you are only obligated to help the owner when he is WITH you(ie he helps and participages)--- but you are not obligated to help the owner if he just ACCOMPANIES you (and asks you to do all the work) *6 There is a Biblical prohibition against delaying a workers payment. This prohibition ONLY applies if the employer directly pays the worker. But e.g. if the employer and worker agree that a 3rd party will pay them (eg direct deposit by a bank) then the employer does not violate the Biblical prohibition if the 3rd party defaults on payment (Of course the employer must still then pay the worker...but there is no prohibition in DELAYING payment). Using Biblical lingo the employer only violates the prohibition if the worker ACCOMPANIES the employer, that is, is subordinate to him. By contrast if BOTH employer and worker are dependent on a 3rd party to pay then we say that the EMPLOYER and WORKER are WITH each other (ie equally dependent) and there is no prohibition. *7 Under Jewish law a master must give a slave * food * housing * drink * clothing EQUAL to that of the master. Using Biblical lingo the slave must be WITH the master (ie equal to him); the slave does not ACCOMPANY his master. *8 This is a bit technical and so we have developed it in a separate list presented below =============================================================== -------------------------NOTES------------------------------ EXAMPLE 6: Gn39-10a ------------------- ============ PHRASES DENOTING MALE FEMALE RELATIONS ============ The traditional phrases for full male-female intimacy are * sleep with * sleep of (probably denoting rape) By contrast the phrase * sleep NEAR only occurs once and hence denotes lying without full intimacy ================================================================ VERSE PRONOUN ACT DESCRIBED ======= ======= ============= Dt27-22 WITH Adultery Dt27-21 WITH Besitality Dt27-20 WITH Incest*1 Gn34-07 OF Rape*2 Lv20-11 OF Incest*1 Lv20-13 OF Homosexuality Gn39-10 BY Share a bed without intimacy NOTES ===== *1 Incest can have EITHER the SLEEP WITH or SLEEP OF form By contrast... *2 Rape ONLY has the SLEEP OF form. It would be an interesting question to find out the rules governing pronoun usage. ================================================================ EXAMPLE 7: Nu22-20a Bilam may ACCOMPANY Moabites EXAMPLE 8: Nu22-35b Bilam may be WITH Moabites (& go to Hell) EXAMPLE 9: Nu22-35d Bilam goes WITH Moabites( ===== God to Bilam: ACCOMPANY Moabites;dont be WITH THEM ======== Recall that Moab wanted the Jews cursed. They hired Bilam the prophet to curse the Jews. This LIST presents the verses dealing with Bilam going to Moab. The sequence which at first glance looks contradictory is explained by emphasizing the pronouns WITH YOU vs ACCOMPANY YOU Bilam was allowed to ACCOMPANY as a consultant indicating Gods word but was not allowed to be WITH the Moabites in wanting to curse the Jews. When Bilam sinned and desired to join the Moabites God allowed him to go WITH them but told him he was going to hell (For going WITH them vs ACCOMPANY them) Bilam then went WITH the Moabites and gave advise how to curse the Jews ================================================================= VERSE TEXT COMMENT ON WITH/ACCOMPANY ======= ========================== ============================= Nu22-12 Don't go WITH the Moabites Dont curse the Jews*1 Nu22-20a You can ACCOMPANY them For money if they hire you*2 Nu22-22 Bilam went WITH them not for hire but to curse Nu22-34 Bilam apologizes for going WITH vsACCOMPANYING Nu22-35b You can go WITH THEM but ONLY say what youre told*3 NOTES ===== *1 The verse continues DONT CURSE THE NATION *2 Rashi. Notice the emphasis on ACCOMPANIMENT---you can go for hire but you shouldnt BE WITH THEM (ie you shouldnt hate the Jews and want to curse them) *3 The difference between Nu22-20 and Nu22-35 is that in Nu22-20 Bilam was told * you can go for hire * do not desire to Curse them * only say what you are told while in Nu22-35 Bilam was told * only say what you are told * you can go WITH the desire to curse(but youre going to hell Thus in both cases Bilam was only allowed to say what God commanded. But because of his sin Bilam was told he could continue to hate the Jews and for this he was going to Hell (Nu22-35b) The verse concludes that Bilam chose to go WITH the Moabites (as Rashi says EAGER TO CURSE THE JEWS). We see from Nu24 Nu25 that Bilam gave advice to curse the Jews and caused the death of 24000 people ================================================================= #*#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc. 2001, Dr. Hendel President #*#*#*#*#