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VERSE: Dt04-37b
=========================== Dt04-37b ============================
SUCCINCT SUMMARY
----------------
One of Rashis 10 main goals is the explanation of GRAMMAR
the same way modern grammar books explain grammar. In todays
posting we review how PRONOUNS may refer to either
-the LAST MENTIONED object or person, or while
- the person or object defined by CONTEXT
These Rashis can often be stated in RIDDLE form
and given humorous delivery.
EXAMPLE Dt04-37b
----------------
We list below the text of Biblical verse
Dt04-37b along with the possible pronoun
references in CAPS.
---------------------------------------------
And because
HE loved--------------------God
YOUR fathers,---------------JEWS fathers
therefore HE chose----------GOD
their seed after HIM,-------Fathers
and brought YOU out, -------JEWS
before HIM------------------GOD or FATHERS
with HIS mighty power,------GOD
out of Egypt;
----------------------------------------------
LIST090a presents other verses where Rashi's main point is
about REFERENCE.
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ITEM DETAIL
======================== ===========================================
RASHI RULE CLASS: GRAMMARr
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS REFERENCE
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #9
SEE BELOW LIST090a
List of verses with 2 possible references(antecedent / context)
====================================================================
====================== LIST090a ====================================
List of verses with 2 possible references(antecedent / context)
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VERSE TEXT: Possible References CAPPED Who is referred to?*1
======== ================================ =========================
Ex21-22 When men fight
Ex21-22 and they attack a PREGNANT WOMAN
Ex21-22 who miscarries her CHILDREN
Ex21-22 but there is NO DEATH No death of the woman
------- -------------------------------- ------------------
Nu16-01 The following arose '
Nu16-01 DATHAN and AVIRAM sons of Eliav '
Nu16-01 and OHN ben Peles '
Nu16-01f SONS OF REUVEN Both OHN and DATHAN
------- -------------------------------- ------------------
Nu14-07 The SPIES said:God will give land '
Nu14-09 Dont be afraid of the CANAANITES '
Nu14-10a And the Jews wanted to stone THEM Stone the SPIES!
------- -------------------------------- ------------------
Nu16-16 YOU (Korach) '
Nu16-16 and your MOB '
Nu16-16 be before God tomorrow '
Nu16-16a You THEM and AAron THEM = YOUR mob*2
------- -------------------------------- ------------------
Nu16-03 KORACH: Why take ALL LEADERSHIP '
Nu16-28 MOSES:By this you will know that '
Nu16-29a God commanded THESE THINGS '
------- -------------------------------- ------------------
Gn23-08 Abraham: Let me deal with EPHRON '
Gn23-09 Abraham: I-ll PURCHASE the cave '
Gn23-09 Abraham: I-ll pay FULL PRICE '
Gn23-11a Ephron No No need to purchase*3
------- -------------------------------- ------------------
Nu05-06 and HE(THIEF) descecrates God
....... By robbing SOMEBODY(AGGRIEVED)
Nu05-06 and HE feels guilty THIEF
Nu06-07 then HE returns the principle THIEF
Nu06-07 and HE adds a fifth THIEF
Nu06-07 & HE returns to the agrieved THIEF
Nu06-08a But If HE has no relatives AGGREIVED
Nu06-08b to return to theft to HIM AGGREIVED
------- -------------------------------- ------------------
Ex21-29 If the ox of a PERSON OWNER
Ex21-29 kill SOMEBODY AGGRIEVED
Ex21-30 Let HIM OWNER
Ex21-30 Pay the ransom of HIS soul OWNER or AGGRIEVED*4
------- -------------------------------- ------------------
Dt04-37b And because
Dt04-37b HE loved God
Dt04-37b YOUR fathers, JEW'S fathers
Dt04-37b therefore HE chose GOD
Dt04-37b their seed after HIM, Fathers
Dt04-37b and brought YOU out, JEWS
Dt04-37b before HIM GOD or FATHERS*5
Dt04-37b with HIS mighty power GOD
Dt04-37b out of Egypt;
NOTES
-----
*1 To clarify the use of this list let us review the
first example. The verse cites various people
- Datan, Aviram
- On
The verse then says these were the sons of Reuven
This is ambiguous.
- Were DATAN/AVIRAM sons of Reuven
- Was ON the son of Reuven.
Rashi points out that ALL of them were sons of Reuven
To clarify this we capitalize DATAN / AVIRAM / ON
and then clarify SONS OF REUVEN. The last column
then explains that the CAPPED PHRASE, SONS OF REUVEN
refers to both DATAN and AVIRAM.
*2 Note the ambiguity-- the THEM refers to YOUR MOB.
*3 Abraham made 3 requests (a)Deal with Ephron (B) pay for
field (c) Pay full price.
Ephrons no refers back to PAYING for the field.
This is proven by the next phrase
----------------------------------------
EPHRON: I will GIVE you the field
----------------------------------------
*4 The Talmud cites both views (SOUL OF AGRRIEVED/OWNER)
without coming to a conclusion. The controversy center
on whether
- pronouns refer to the LAST MENTIONED NOUN (So here
the RANSOM OF HIS SOUL refers to the OWNERS soul)
- or do pronouns refer to whatever is defined by CONTEXT
Since killing a slave requires paying a flat fee of 30
units of currency (The abstract worth of slaves) it
follows that RANSOM OF HIS SOUL would refer to the
value of the AGGRIEVEDs soul.
*5 The verse could equally mean
---------------------------------------------
God took the Jews out of Egypt BEFORE HIMSELF
---------------------------------------------
Rashi could then translate this idiom as meaning
WITH GOD LEADING. This is justified (as Rashi points
out with an OTHER VERSE--Ex14-19.
The verse could also mean
-------------------------------------------------
God took the Jews out of Egypt BEFORE THE FATHERS
-------------------------------------------------
This would echo the theme that God redeemed the
Jews FOR THE SAKE of the PATRIARCHS. Again an
OTHER VERSE justifies this...e.g. Dt09-05*10
----------------------- LONGER FOOTNOTES ---------------
*10 It might be tempting to identify the referent of
the pronoun using plurality since God is singular
and the Patriarchs are plural.
But as Rashi points out we can refer to a GROUP
in the singular connoting a unified front.
Rashi points out that in this very verse Dt04-37
we have a SINGULAR reference to the Patriarchs
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Therefore he chose you their seed after HIM
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Here the word HIM refers to the Patriarchs.
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Volume 30 Number 14
#*#*#*# (C) 2000-2006, RashiYomi Inc. Dr Hendel President #*#*#*#
Volume 30 Number 14