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VERSE: Ex04-26c
======================== Ex04-26c ========================
SUCCINCT SUMMARY
----------------
One of Rashis 5 main goals is the clarification of meaning
the same way the dictionary clarifies meaning. Rashi will
frequently comment on special connective words such as IF,
BECAUSE, PERHAPS. We call this the Rashi method of SPECIAL
CONNECTIVE WORDS / connective words.
EXAMPLE Ex04-26c
----------------
The word EL, Aleph-Lamed is usually translated
at TO. However it can equally mean TO, ON, IN,
WITH, and FROM. This rule applies equally to
the whole word Aleph-Lamed as well as to the
individual prefix letter, Lamed. In the verse
below we, following Rashi, translate prefix Lamed
as CONCERNING, not as TO.
The text of Ex04-26 states
-------------------------------------------
When the angel trying to kill Moses for not
circumcising his son stopped trying to kill
Moses, after Moses had circumcised his son,
Tziporah said: My hubby almost died CONCERNING
circumcision
-------------------------------------------
Rashi comments
---------------------------------------------
[The prefix Lamed means] CONCERNING circumcision.
The remainder of the word is a noun--CIRCUMCISION
The prefix LAMED means CONCERNING. Another
example may be found in Ex14-03 AND PHAROH SAID
CONCERNING THE JEWISH PEOPLE. The aramaic
translation...
---------------------------------------------
=================================================================
ITEM DETAIL
======================== ========================================
RASHI RULE CLASS: SPECIAL CONNECTIVE WORDS
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS CONNECTIVE WORDS
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #8
SEE BELOW LIST005O
List of meanings of EL / LAMED = TO, ON, IN, WITH, FROM
----------------------- --------------------------------------
SEE BELOW LIST005p
List of verses with EL / LAMED = TO, ON, IN, WITH, FROM
=================================================================
======================== LIST005O ==============================
List of meanings of EL / LAMED = TO, ON, IN, WITH, FROM
================================================================
VERSE MEAN TEXT
======== ==== ==================================================
Nu01-01 TO God spoke TO Moses
1S04-21 ON She named her son NoHonor ON ACCOUNT of the defeat
1S17-49 ON He smote the Philistine ON his head
Lv18-18 WITH Don't take a woman WITH her sister
Gn23-19 IN They buried them IN the cave
Ez15-29 FROM You prostituted MORE THAN the Canaanites
================================================================
======================== LIST005p ==================================
List of verses with EL / LAMED = TO, ON, IN, WITH, FROM
====================================================================
VERSE MEAN TEXT WHO
======== ==== ================================================== ===
Nu01-01 TO God spoke TO Moses *10
------ --- ------------------------------------------------- --
2S21-01 ON*4 The famine happened ON ACCOUNT of Saul R
1S04-21 ON She named her son NoHonor ON ACCOUNT of the defeat R
Gn37-35c ON I'll go down to my grave BECAUSE of Josephs murder R
Ex06-13b ON God commanded Moses CONCERNING the Jews R
Ex04-26c ON Hubby was almost murdered ACCOUNT OF circumcision R
Ex14-03 ON Pharoh said CONCERNING the Jewish people*11 R
Nu14-14a ON And they will say CONCERNING this nation
Nu13-30b ON Calev quieted the nation AGAINST Moses*5 R
1S17-49 ON He smote the Philistine ON his head K
2S02-09 ON He gave him reign on Gilad and Shuri K
1S26-14 ON Who is it that calls ON (ABOUT) the King K
------ --- ------------------------------------------------- --
Gn49-29b WITH Bury me WITH (EL) my fathers R K
Lv18-18a WITH Don't take a woman WITH her sister RNK
Jo11-19 WITH They didn't make peace WITH the Jews K
2S18-27 WITH He is a good man and comes WITH good news *4 K
------ --- ------------------------------------------------- --
Gn23-19 IN They buried them IN the cave *1 NK
Ex25-21a IN And IN the ark give the Two Tablets NK
1S10-22 IN ..behold, Saul is hidden IN the utensils NK
Gn37-36 IN And the Medanim sold him IN Egypt *3 K
Jo05-03 IN Joshua circumcised them IN the ..valley K
Ez44-30 IN Give .. so you will have blessings IN your house K
------ --- ------------------------------------------------- --
Gn41-57a FROM They came to buy food FROM Joseph *2 K
Ez15-29 MORE You prostituted more than the Canaanites K
NOTES
-----
*1 'Bury IN the cave' also occurs in Gn49-29
*2 RDK also suggests 'They came TO Joseph to buy food' using
an inversion of the sentence
*3 The verse (in my opinion) could also read
>The Medanim sold him TO the Egyptian (Empire)
*4 RDK points out that the preposition ON can mean both
>ACCOUNT OF / CONCERNING >PHYSICALLY ON
RDK also gives 3 mores meanings
>ETH
>BECAUSE + ON
>B when it means WITH (But these are all covered here)
*5 In other words he quieted the people by beginning
>Is this the only thing that Moses did to us
At that point they quieted expecting to hear more complaints
He then continued
>He took us out of Egypt
>gave us the Manna
>So he can help us conquer Israel
---------------------------- LONGER FOOTNOTES ----------------
*10 This list presents meanings of the word EL.
The SOURCES for these meanings come from the
- Ramban on this verse;
- Rashi on a variety of verses (you have to laboriously
read thru all Rashis);
- RDK in the book of ROOTS.
The last column in the table, entitled, WHO, cross references the Rishon involved
--R=Rashi,
--N=RambaN,
--K=RadacK--thus "RNK"
Here is an example of our notation:The RNK on
Lv18-18 means that ll 3 Rishonim, Rashi, Radack
and Ramban use Lv18-18 as an example that EL can mean WITH}
*11 A colleague Gilad Gevaryahu points out that Rashi makes
a novelty on Ex04-26c, namely, Rashi explicitly points
out that prefix lamed has the same status as Aleph
Lamed.
Gilad asked me for sources (That Lamed is treated the
same as Aleph-Lamed). The following sources shed light
- this Rashi Ex04-26c
- Radak explicitly identifies prefix Mem with the
full word Men-Nun (And by analogy this identification
of prefix with word could extend to Aleph Lamed)
- Phonetically the Nun in Mem-Nun drops and is converted
to a Mem+Dagesh. Similarly the initial Aleph would
drop from Aleph-Lamed (Another precedent for dropped
Alephs would be the pair Esh-Ta-Yim vs ShTa-Yim)
- Radak discusses Lamed on the last page of Michlol but
does not seem to mention the Lamed-El correspondence
- Radak discusses El in Michlol several pages earlier
but does not equat El and Lamed (Similarly in his
book ROOTS he does not equate them)
- The equality of Mem and Mem-Nun is mentioned both
in ROOTs and in MICHLOL (Last words in book).
- Perhaps the strongest proof occurs in root
Aleph-Lamed-Hay in ROOTS. Although Radak does
not equate Aleph-Lamed with Prefix Lamed
nevertheless he does equate Aleph-Lamed with
prefix Mem and Prefix Beth. This seems clear
and explicit evidence that Radak equated
prepositional connectives with one letter
suffixes.
====================================================================
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Volume 24 Number 13
#*#*#*#*# (C) 2001, RashiYomi Inc. Dr Hendel President #*#*#*#*#
Volume 24 Number 13