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VERSE: Ex14-04b

RASHIS COVERED: Ex14-04b Ex21-33a Ex21-33b

================================ Ex14-04b ===========================

SUCCINCT SUMMARY
----------------
Some Rashi comments deal with FORMATTING.
Modern authors FORMAT using such techniques as
BULLETS, PARAGRAPHING, BOLD, ITALICS and UNDERLINE.
The Biblical Author achieved these effects but thru
different means.

For example a modern author might hilight distinct
items using BULLETS. The Biblical Author hilights
distinct items using REPEATING KEYWORDS.

We call this the Rashi rule of FORMATTING with the Rashi
subrule of KEYWORDS AS BULLETS

EXAMPLE Ex14-04b states
-------------------------
Ex14-04 states
-----------------------------------------------------
And I will weigh [in war]
- against Pharoh and
- against his army
and Egypt will know that I am God
-----------------------------------------------------

The repeating keyword AGAINST creates a BULLET effect.
- God will punish PHAROH who INSTIGATED the action
- God will punish PHAROH'S ARMY who CARRIED OUT the action

EXAMPLE Ex21-33a Ex21-33b
-------------------------
Ex21-33 states
------------------------------------------
- - - WHEN A PERSON opens a[existing] pit
- - - WHEN A PERSON digs [deeper] a [existing] pit
-and he doesn't cover it
-and a donkey or ox falls in
-The owner of the pit must pay
------------------------------------------

Finally LIST120L summarizes the above bulleting.

The repeating keyword WHEN A MAN creates a BULLETED STRUCTURE
Hence the Rashi
---------------------------
A person is liable on damages from a pit whether
- he merely OPENED an already EXISTING pit OR
- he merely DUG DEEPER an already EXISTING pit
---------------------------

Rashi is justified in EMPHASIZING the nuances of OPEN vs DIG
because of the bulleted structure.

Finally LIST120m summarizes the above bulleting.
==================================================================
ITEM                     DETAIL
======================== =========================================
RASHI RULE CLASS:        BULLETS
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS      KEYWORDS AS BULLETS
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #26
SEE BELOW                LIST120L
BULLETED structure of    Ex14-04-a)Smite PHAROH b)Smite his ARMY
------------------       ----------------------------------
SEE BELOW                LIST120m
BULLETED structure of    Ex21-33-LIABLE: a)OPEN pit;b)DIG DEEPER pit;
=====================================================================

=========================== LIST120L ================================
BULLETED structure of    Ex14-04-a)Smite PHAROH b)Smite his ARMY
=====================================================================
THEME OF SENTENCE                 BULLET WORD TWO BULLETS POINT
================================= =========== =========== ===========
And I will weigh [in war]
'                                 against     Pharoh and  Instigator
'                                 against     his army    Carried out
and Egypt will know that I am God
=====================================================================

=========================== LIST120m ================================
BULLETED structure of    Ex21-33-LIABLE: a)OPEN pit;b)DIG DEEPER pit;
=====================================================================
KEYWORD       BULLETED ITEM                  REMAINING TEXT
============= ============================== ========================
WHEN A PERSON opens a[existing] pit
WHEN A PERSON digs [deeper] a [existing] pit
'             '                              and he doesn't cover it                          '             '                              and a donkey/ox falls in
'             '                              Owner of pit must pay*1

NOTES
-----
*1
The repeating keyword WHEN A MAN creates a BULLETED STRUCTURE
Hence the Rashi
---------------------------
A person is liable on damages from a pit whether
- he merely OPENED an already EXISTING pit OR
- he merely DUG DEEPER an already EXISTING pit*10
---------------------------

-------------------------- LONGER FOOTNOTES ------------------------

*10 Notice how Rashi interprets both bullets as referring to
    actions on an EXISTING pit. Needless to say you can only
    OPEN an EXISTING pit. There are two ways to justify the
    Rashi assertion that the Biblical phrase DIGS A PIT
    refers to DIGGING DEEPER AN EXISTING PIT.

    Method 1 (Actual Rashi argument)
    --------------------------------
    If OPENING an existing pit creates LIABILITY (That is,
    the OPENER not the original PIT DIGGER) is liable) then
    how much more so the CREATER OF A PIT. Therefore we
    interpret the phrase DIGGER OF A PIT to refer to someone
    who DIGS DEEPER AN EXISTING PIT (since it would be
    superfluous to refer it to someone who actually digs
    a whole pit)

    METHOD 2 (BULLET ARGUMENT)
    -----------------------------------
    Recall the Rashi principle that repeating KEYWORDS
    are interpreted to create a BULLETED ATMOSPHERE.
    Now a collection of BULLETS
    - contrast each other
    - collectively exhaust/illustrate one topic

    Hence the two bullets (OPEN DIG)
    - contrast each other (OPEN a pit vs DIG one)
    - collectively exhaust/illustrate the topic of
      changing an EXISTING pit (either thru OPENING
      or DIGGING).

    In other words it would be stylistically wrong
    to interpret the two bullets as meaning
    - OPEN an already existing pit
    - CREATE a new pit
    since that would violate the bullet style.    	

    Both these methods have validity. At any rate..the main point
    of Rashi is that the bullets here (OPEN DIG) indicate to aspects
    of dealing with a pit.
=====================================================================
---------------------------------------------------
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Volume 28 Number 24


#*#*#*#  (C) 2000-2005, RashiYomi Inc. Dr Hendel President #*#*#*#
Volume 28 Number 24