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VERSE: Ex24-33a

RASHIS COVERED: Ex24-33a Lv44-11c Lv23-22a Lv23-31a
                Lv25-36a Dt19-14a Dt24-17a Lv06-06b

========================= Ex24-33a =======================

SUCCINCT SUMMARY
----------------
Rashi frequently commented using the powerful ALIGNMENT
method: Two or more verses are aligned - the minor difference
between them imply rich nuances.

EXAMPLE Lv25-36:37
------------------
    Lv25-36:37 presents TWO cases of interest
    - dont take his MONEY in interest
    - dont take his FOOD in interest

    In other words when you charge interest on a loan
    you intefer with
    - the persons capacity to earn a living(MONEY)
    - the persons basic needs (FOOD)
    Hence you have violated TWO SEPARATE prohibitions.
    or equivalantly you violated one prohibition which
    has TWO consequences.

The list below gives about a dozen similar examples where
repeated verses are interpreted to indicate multiple
offenses.
=============================================================
ITEM                     DETAIL
======================== ====================================
RASHI RULE CLASS:        ALIGNMENT
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS      2 CASES
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #10
SEE BELOW                LIST313O
List of                  Repeated Verses=Multiple offenses
=============================================================

==================== LIST313O ===============================
List of                  Repeated Verses(Multiple offenses)
=============================================================
1st Verse 2nd Verse Commandment/Prohibition that is repeated
========= ========= =========================================
Ex34-23a  Ex23-17   To visit God on 3 pilgrimages*11
Lv06-06b  Lv06-05   Dont extinguish altar fire
Lv11-44c  Lv11-43   Dont consume insects
Lv23-22a  Lv19-09   Leave forgotten sheaves for the poor*1
Lv23-31a  Lv23-28   Prohibition of doing work on Yom kippur*2
Dt19-14a  Lv19-13   Prohibition of THEFT || THEFT OF LAND *3
Dt24-17a  Dt16-19   Dont distort JUSTICE || JUSTICE Of Widow
Lv25-36a  Lv25-37   Prohibition of interest*4 *11

NOTES
-----
*1 Rashi also makes comments on the CONSECUTIVE chapters.
   We will revisit this aspect of Rashi in a separate issue.

*2 Rashi also offers a 2nd explanation (Two verses to
   prohibit equally work by day or work by night).

*3 Rashi also addresses the verse phrase
   -------------------------------------
   dont pushback your neighbors boundary
   IN THE INHERITANCE THAT YOU INHERIT
   -------------------------------------

   The capped phrase indicates that the two prohibitions
   are only violated on Israeli territory. This aspect
   of Rashi will be discussed in a separate issue on
   Israel-related commandments.

*4 The Rambam (Laws of Loans Chapter 4 Paragraph 1:2 )
   also makes this point.*10

---------------------- LONGER FOOTNOTES --------------------

*10 It is important to emphasize that the TWONESS of
    prohibition does NOT refer to
    - the two words NESECH RIBITH
    but rather refers to
    - the REPETITION of the prohibition in two consecutive
    verses as follows
    ---------------------------------------
    - dont take NESECH & RIBITH
    - Someones money: Dont take thru NESECH
    - Dont take thru RIBITH his food
    ---------------------------------------

    This is an important principle in understanding Midrash
    halachah (That is, the TWONESS is deep (Two verses) not
    petty (Two words))

*11 The traditional approach to this repetition is that
    ----------------------------------------------
    The Torah repeated prohibitions in several places
    thus making people who violate them liable on multiple
    violations (Rashi Ex34-23a)
    ----------------------------------------------

    I however would go a step further and interpret this
    to mean that the two prohibitions occur in TWO contexts
    Since the TWO contexts apply in all cases it follows
    that offenders have violated two prohibitions.

    EXAMPLE
    -------
    Lv25-36:37 presents TWO cases of interest
    - dont take his MONEY in interest
    - dont take his FOOD in interest

    In other words when you charge interest on a loan
    you intefer with
    - the persons capacity to earn a living(MONEY)
    - the persons basic needs (FOOD)
    Hence you have violated TWO SEPARATE prohibitions.
    or equivalantly you have violated one prohibition which
    has TWO consequences.

    EXAMPLE
    -------
    Ex34-23a  Ex23-17 both talk about the obligation
    of pilgrimage 3 times a year. However

    - Ex23 discusses pilgrimage in a CONTEXT of caring
    for the poor and indigent

    - Ex34 discusses pilgrimage in a CONTEXT of Jewish
    identity and avoiding intermarriage.

    Hence a person who violates the pilgrimage laws
    violates two different violations (Or the same
    violation from two different points of views).

    I think this approach the profound and proper way to
    study verse repetition.
=============================================================
---------------------------------------------------
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Volume 21 Number 16


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