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VERSE: Ex29-05a
RASHIS COVERED: Ex29-05a Ex28-28c
====================== Ex29-05a =======================
SUCCINCT SUMMARY
----------------
One of Rashis 6 main goals is to explain meaning
the same way a dictionary explains meaning. Rashi
had a variety of methods to infer meaning. In this
posting we review 2 such methods
EXAMPLE--To COAT a COAT (Ex29-05a)
----------------------------------
There are three ways a NOUN can become
a verb
- CREATE IT: eg TO FLOWER
- DESTROY IT: eg to DUST
- USE IT NORMALLY: eg to HAMMAR
Ex29-05a speaks about COATING the coat which means
putting it on and tightening all buttons and belts
See LIST050d below for many other delightful examples
Here, Rashi shows how NOUNS can become VERBS
EXAMPLE--Resh-Caph-Samech = TIGHTEN Ex28-28c
---------------------------------------------
The Hebrew root Resh-Caph-Samech occurs in only
3 verses. Note because there are only 3 verses it
is hard to pinpoint the meaning exactly.
Rashi says it refers to UNIFICATION
I say it refers to being TIGHT (which is like
Rashis unification). Here are the verses
- TIGHTEN the AYPHOD garment
- save me from GANGS (People TIGHTLY together)
- God will make the MOUNTAIN TIGHTS smooth
(Rashi explains that MOUNTAIN TIGHTS are two
close mountains with a deep gorge between them)
LIST955z presents other synonym pairs like
Here Rashi explains the nuances in SYNONYM
PAIRS like UNITE-TIGHTEN (The footnotes in the
list present the opinion of the Radack on this root)
====================================================
ITEM DETAIL
======================== ===========================
RASHI RULE CLASS: WORD MEANINGS
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS 8 METHODS OF NAMING
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #7
SEE BELOW LIST050d
List of words with NOUNS becoming VERBS
------------------------ ---------------------------
SEE BELOW LIST955z
List of Synonym pairs
====================================================
========================= LIST955z =====================
List of Synonym pairs
LIST955z continues LIST955a
========================================================
VERSE WORD BASIC IDEA NUANCES
======== ====== ========== =============================
Ex28-28c XBR Unite Unite
- - - - RKS Unite Unite by TIGHTENING*8
------- ----- ------ ----------------------
Nu17-21a TWK In Centrally in *7
- - - - Beth In In
------- ----- ------ ----------------------
Gn01-11a D$A FIELD MEADOW*6
- - - - &SW FIELD GRASS*6
------- ----- ------ ----------------------
Dt28-68a ANIH BOAT Both words mean boat *5
- - - - SFINH BOAT Both words mean boat *5
------- ----- ------ ----------------------
Dt18-03c Z-R-A HAND/THROW ZRA=arm; ZRA=to scatter
-------- Y-D-H HAND/THROW YD=hand; YDH=to throw
------- ----- ------ ----------------------
Dt13-06a S-R-H FABRICATE it is REMOVED from reality*4
-------- B-D-A FABRICATE it is ISOLATED from reality
------- ----- ------ ----------------------
Dt05-17b A-V-H DESIRE*3 desire in ONES HEART-FANTASIZ
Ex20-17 X-M-D DESIRE*3 COVET-desire ACQUISITION
------- ----- ------ ----------------------
Dt11-25c P-X-D FEAR IMMEDIATE Fear-Good pimples*1
Dt11-25d M-R-H FEAR ANXIETY-LONG TERM Fear-vision
------- ----- ------ ----------------------
Dt11-14c I-R-H RAIN*2 FIRST rain-IMPREGNATES ground
Dt11-14d MLK$ RAIN*2 FINAL rain-SOFTENS Ground
------- ----- ------ ----------------------
NOTES
-----
*1 Also Rashi Dt11-25b. It seems reasonable that
- P-Ch-D comes from Poh-Chad - SHARP and would refer to
e.g. getting GOOSE PIMPLES (Sharpnesses in skin) from
fear
- MoRaH comes from Y-R-A = vision = LONG TERM
apprehension over the future.*10
*2 - YOREH seems to comes from HRH to make pregnant. It
would look at the rain as ENABLING the seeds to grow
- MALKOSH seesm to come from LKSH - TO THE HARD(KSH)
GRAIN and would refer to a final softening rain
before the produce. See LIST910i *11
*3 It is hard to absolutely prove that
- A-V-H means FANTASIZE vs
- Ch-M-D means DESIRE ACQUISITION
The verses show that
- A-V-H is an act of the HEART while
- Ch-M-D is focused on ACQUIRING OBJECTS
See LIST955h for further details
(Also see Rashi Gn27-15a Gn03-06c Gn03-06d)
*4 On Dt19-16a Rashi gives an example of REMOVED/FABRICATED
Testimony--when eg witnesses testify to a murder in NY
and other witnesses come stating that the 1st witnesses
were with them in Chicago at the time of witnessing--thus
the murder testimony is totally removed from the real word
*5 Undoubtedly there is probably a subtle difference between
ANIH/SFINH but it is not possible to determine this from
verses. An interesting statistical note is the following
- SFINH occurs ONCE in the Bible
- ANIH occurs 3 dozen times in the Bible
- But in Biblical times the frequencies were reversed
Hence, Rashi, in explaining the more frequently occurring
ANIH was responding to the rarity of this word IN HIS TIME
*6 - GRASS can refer to MANY or SINGULAR grass
- MEADOW only refers to a WHOLE MEADOW of GRASS
*7 TWK verses Beth (CENTRALLY IN vs IN)
explains several Rashis:
Nu17-21a Gn02-09b Ex24-1a Lv24-10c
Gn01-06b Nu35-34a See LIST955j
*8 Hence
- Ex28-28c TIGHTEN the AYFOD garment
- P031-21 Save me from GANGS(people TIGHTELY together)
- Is40-04 God will smooth the TIGHT mountains
(Rashi explains that TIGHT MOUNTAINS are mountains
close together with deep georges between them)*12
--------------------- LONGER FOOTNOTES ----------------
*10 The reader need NOT believe the above etymologies
For frequently Rashi explains synonyms without
reference to etymologies and even without reference
to verses. However some of the above etymologies seem
reasonable and may enrich our appreciation of the
synonyms.
*11 Rashi gives another etymology from the Aramaic.
However in this list we advocate the 2nd explanation
of Rashi over the 1st. Furthermore in this
particular case the 2nd explanation comes internally
from Hebrew while the 1st Rashi explanation INFERS
usage from Aramaic but does not EXPLAIN it.
*12 Rashi translates RKS as UNITE.
I have examined the verses and think the nuances
of TIGHTEN-which is a particular form of tightening
is more precise
Rashi and my analysis apparently override the
RADACK who translates (from context) RKS as meaning
HIGH. Compare
- RAISE the AYFOD (By tightening it)
- Save me from HAUGHTY people
- God will smooth the HIGH mountains
========================================================
======================= LIST050d =============================
List of words with NOUNS becoming VERBS
==============================================================
NOUN-VERB VERB Means TYPE
========== ======================================= ===========
To Plant Creation (planting) of plants Create
To record To Create a record Create
To milk To Create(bring forth) milk Create
To fire*1 To Create a fire(e.g.in a furnace) Create
To build To Create a building Create
To worm To produce/bring forth Worms*2 Create
To BORDER To make borders*3 Create
EMBROIDER Make embroidery*4 Create
--------- ------------------------------------ --------
To dust Removal of dust *5 Remove
To UpRoot To remove the roots(from the ground) Remove
To DeFrost To remove the frost Remove
Blood*6 To remove the blood (ie to KILL) Remove
--------- ------------------------------------ --------
To hammar Do Standard activity done with hammar Standard
To screw Do Standard activity done with screws Standard
To fan Do Standard activity done with a Fan Standard
To Dough Do standard activity with DOUGH*7 Standard
To Fly FLYING-Standard activity of Housefly Standard
To COAT To place coat on and tighten it*8 Standard
NOTES
-----
*1 eg To FIRE a furnace
*2 Ex16-20b
*3 Ex19-12a
*4 Ex28-39a EMBROIDER the pants of LINEN
means make them embroidered
*5 Nu04-13b
*6 Lv17-04a
*7 As we have explained it TO DOUGH would mean
to BAKE. Actually we need another step. A verb
can refer to its ACTIVITY FORM. So the 2 steps are
- DOUGH becomes TO DOUGH=to BAKE
- TO DOUGH becomes TO SWELL (form of DOUGH rising)
See LIST814a for more details
*8 Ex29-05a
=============================================================
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Volume 24 Number 25
#*#*#*# (C) 2000-2005, RashiYomi Inc. Dr Hendel President #*#*#*#
Volume 24 Number 25