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  |      (C) Dr Hendel, Summer 2000                          |
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VERSE: Gn04-09z

RULE: In Hebrew writing, if you wish to indicate that a sentence
should be read as a question then you place the letter HEY before
the first letter of the first word of that sentence.

This rule (adding a HAY to indicate a question) has 8 cases.
They govern such issues as (a) how you punctuate the HAY
(3 methods), (b) do you put a DAGESH in the following letter,
(c) is the following letter SOFT or STRONG (DGESH).

The following table compactly summarizes all cases with examples
and Rashi references.*1 *2

EXAMPLES:
---------

DESCRIPTION     RULE:You place the    EXAMPLE     VERSE   CASE
OF 1st WORD     letter HAY at the
OF SENTENCE     beginning of the
THAT SHOULD     1st word of the
BE READ AS      sentence and add the
A QUESTION      following punctuation
=============== ===================== =========== ======  ====
Ordinary Case   HAY + CHATAF PATACH   Ha Shomayr  Gn04-09 1*3
Before Guttural Hay +        PATACH   HA ACHAYCHM Nu32-06 2a*3
Before CH+Kmtz  Hay +        Segol    HE CHAZAK   Nu13-18 2b
Before Resh     Hay + Chataf Patach   Ha Rafeh    Nu13-18 2c
Before Shva     Hay + PATACH + DAGESH HA-Smaynah  Nu13-20 3a*3
Bef Shva+BGDKFT Hay + Patach          HA MCASEH*5 Gn18-17 3b*3
Bef Shva+BGDKFT Hey + Patach          HA VRACAH*4 Gn27-38 3b*3
Before Shva+Yud Hey + Patach          HA YDATEM   Gn29-05 3c


NOTES
-----
*1 There are futher rules discussing where the EMPHASIS of the
question is placed. Normally the QUESTON EMPHASIS is placed on
the first word of the sentence (as in "IS IT STRONG or WEAK")
However the EMPHASIS may alos be in the second part of the
sentence (eg "Will the ruler of the world NOT DO JUSTICE")

*2 Rashis brilliant method of pedagogy is illustrated here.
Rashi cleverly picks exactly one example for each subrule.
Thus Rashi with a few examples covers all cases while most
textbooks give many more examples but only cover a few rules.

*3 These verses have Rashis. there is no Rashi on Nu13-20 but
Rashi brings this example on Gn27-38.

*4 Compare Job15-8, HVSOD, with "V" not "B" (according to Aleppo).
Rashi brought two examples for case 3b--one was to show the
punctuation on the HAY and the other to show the punctuation on
the B.

*5 This example appears to be in error since MEM is not a BGD KFT
letter. Thus we have to find the rule why certain words beginning
with a shva do not have a dagesh. The rule for the BGD KFT DGSHAH
remains true (No DAGESH).


*6 There are 4 other Rashis discussing use of HAYS. In 2 of them
the QUESTION emphais is on the 2nd half rather than the first
half of the verse (Gn29-15a and Gn18-25d), in one of them we have
an unusual usage of the passive (Gn41-38) while in Gn16-13 Rashi
is explaining the use of the word ALSO (Please see the postings
for full details)
---------------------------------------------------
WARNING: The following additional references may be too wordy
However they frequently contain additional information & lists
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Volume 2 Number 24
Volume 3 Number 21
Volume 3 Number 22


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