#*#*#*#*# (C) 2001, RashiYomi Inc. Dr Hendel President #*#*#*#*#
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| Rashi is Simple Version 2.0 |
| (C) RashiYomi Inc., Dr Hendel President |
| http://www.RashiYomi.Com |
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VERSE: Gn33-11c
RASHIS COVERED: Gn33-11c Gn34-16a Ex23-27a Ex23-31a
====================== Gn32-26a =============================
SUCCINCT SUMMARY
----------------
One of Rashis main goals is to explain grammar. A major
function of grammar is to clarify the rules of verb
conjugation.
EXAMPLE
-------
In Hebrew the OBJECT of a verb can be indicated by a suffix
- Thus Shin-Mem-Resh (SMR) means TO WATCH
- But Shin-Mem-Resh-NUN-VUV means TO WATCH US
Here, the suffix NUN-VUV indicates the OBJECT--WHO is being
watched (US).
Rashi adds a subtlety to this rule: With many roots, the
spelling of the ROOT+SUFFIX would involve DOULBE REPEATED
LETTERS. Rashi explains that Hebrews custom in such cases
is to replace the double letter with a single letter with
however a pronunciation linkage to the preceding and
succeeding syllable.
E.g. --- Nun-Tauv-Nun-NUN-VAV (He gave US)
Becomes - Nun-Tauv-NUN-Vav
Here the double NUN becomes a single nun with a dagesh
and is pronounced No-ThaNNu
Rashi throughout his commentary gives about a half
dozen examples of this rule
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ITEM DETAIL
======================== ====================================
RASHI RULE CLASS: GRAMMARr
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS VERB CONJUGATION
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #9
SEE BELOW LIST703f
List of roots with Suffix and deleted root letter
---------------- --------------------------
SEE BELOW LIST703c
List of word pairs with small spelling-big meaning differnce
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===================== LIST703f ============================
List of roots with suffix, and deleted root letter
SOURCE: Rashi himself provides this list
===========================================================
VERSE ROOT INVOLVED SHOULD BE BUT BECOMES*1
======== ============== ============ ======================
Gn33-11c Cheth-Nun-Nun Ch-N-N-Ni Ch-N-Ni*2
Gn34-16a Nun-Tauv-Nun N--T-N-Noo N-T-Noo*2
Ex23-27a Hey-Mem-Mem H--M-M-Ti H-M-Ti*3
Ex23-31a Shin-Vuv-Tauv S--T-Ti S-Ti*4 *10
-------- --------- -------- -------------
Ec02-20 Sin-Beth-Beth S--B-B-Ti S-B-Ti*3
P116-09 Daleth-Lmd-Lmd D--L-L-Ti D-L-Ti*3
1S12-03 Resh-Tzde-Tzde R--Tz-Tz-Ti R-Tz-Ti*3
NOTES
-----
*1 As is customary in Hebrew, when a letter is deleted
we insert a DAGESH which means we liason the
pronunciation with the preceding and succeeding syllables
Thus the word is pronounced Cha-NaN-Ni--(Not
Cha-Na-Ni). Hence the pronunciation reflects the
double letter even though the spelling does not
*2 If the TERMINAL letter of the root is NUN while
the INITIAL letter of the suffix is NUN then we use
one NUN with a dagesh vs two NUN.
*3 Here the root has a REPEATED LETTER; one of these
repeated letters is deleted
*4 Here the INITIAL letter of the suffix is TAUV while
the TERMINAL letter of the root is TAUV. Hence the
whole word (Root+Suffix) has one Tauv with a dagesh.
----------------------- LONGER FOOTNOTES ----------------
*10 Rashi also makes comments on the small-spelling--big-
meaning difference between VeHaMoTi vs VeHayMatti
See LIST703c below for details
=============================================================
============================= LIST703c ==============================
Lists of verb pairs with small spelling-big meaning differences
=====================================================================
VERSE #1 PUNCTUATION#1 MEANS#1 #2 PUNCTUATION#2 MEANS#2
======== ===== ============= ========= ===== ============= ==========
Ex23-31a HaMoT Patach-Cholam Destroy HayMT Tzaray-Patach Kill*5
Gn24-23b LLeen Chirik NightStay LLoon Shuruk To inn*4
Ex19-18a OSHON KAMATZ KAMATZ Smoke Oshan KAMATZ PATACH To Smoke
Gn49-04d PACAZ PATACH PATACH Fiz PoCaz KAMATZ PATACH To Fiz
Dt07-23a HOMAM KAMATZ PATACH ToSmash HOMOM KAMATZ KAMATZ Smash Em
Gn09-06d HTHLK ------------- Walked HTHLK ------------- Walk*1
Ex01-20a YehTv TZARAY SEGOL helped YeeTv CHIRIK SEGOL good*2
Ex01-19 YehRv SEGOL SEGOL*2 increased YeeRv CHIRIK SEGOL multiplied
Gn29-06a ba-AH Accent on end coming BA-ah accent-begin came*3
Gn46-26a ba-AH Accent on end coming BA-ah accent-begin came*3
NOTES
-----
*1 In this example the identically spelled word can mean either
- he walked (past tense)
- walk (Command)
Cf The Grammatical tables in the Ibn Shoshan dictionary
Table 1 presents the conjugations in question.
*2 The words are spelled with the same letters. The minute
vowel difference determines whether it is causative(Helped)
vs active (Good)
*3 The two words have the
- same spelling
- same letters
- differ in placement of accents
Cf Gn29-06a vs Gn29-09,Gn46-26a vs Gn46-27 and
Gn42-21b vs Gn34-27
*4 See Ibn Shoshan Dictionary Tables 6 and 7.
The conjugation of the Biblical root Lamed-Vav-Nun
is LLoon not LLeen which should therefore be interpreted
as a noun (night-stay)
Hence the Rashi on Gn24-23b which uses the word LLeen
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Eliezer used the word LLeen indicating he requested
a one night stay. By contrast Rivkah used the word
LLoon--the verb form--indicating that he could stay
for many nights
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*5 I frequently cite the Ibn Shoshan Dictionary, Volume 5,
the Appendix: This gives a short but comprehensive
set of grammatical tables.
- Table 10, Kal Mode for 1-2-2 verbs: Ve-HaM-Mo-Thi
- Table 6: Hifil Mode for 1-v-3 verbs:Ve-Hay-MaT-Ti
Ve-HaM-Mo-Thi means to DESTROY;
Ve-Hay-MaT-Ti means to kill
Although the meanings are similar the conjugations are
totally different as Rashi is quick to point out.
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Volume 20 Number 2
#*#*#*#*# (C) 2001, RashiYomi Inc. Dr Hendel President #*#*#*#*#
Volume 20 Number 2