#*#*#*# (C) 2000-2005, RashiYomi Inc. Dr Hendel President #*#*#*#
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VERSE: Lv06-20c
RASHIS COVERED: Lv06-20c Lv07-19b
============================ Lv06-20c ===========================
SUCCINCT SUMMARY
----------------
All languages have a variety of methods to indicate EMPHASIS
and SIMILARLITY. Modern typesetting methods use BOLD and ITALICS
to indicate EMPHASIS. Modern typesetting methods use BULLETS to
indicate SIMILARITY.
The Bible did not have BOLD and ITALICS. Rather the Bible used
REPETITION to indicate emphasis. This emphasis could in turn
either indicate BROADENING or RESTRICTION of meaning.
EXAMPLE Lv06-20c
----------------
The Biblical text at Lv06-20c states
--------------------------------------------------
If blood of the offering sprinkles ON A GARMENT
then wash in the Temple ON THAT WHICH IS SPRINKLED
--------------------------------------------------
Rashi comments
-------------------------------------------------
Notice the repeated phrase:
- ON A GARMENT,
- ON THAT WHICH IS SRINKLED
The repetition creates emphasis (It could
have simply said THEN WASH **IT** IN THE TEMPLE)
Only the part of the garment on which the blood
fell needs to be immersed (not the whole garment)
-------------------------------------------------
EXAMPLE Lv07-19b
----------------
The Biblical text at Lv07-19b states
--------------------------------------------------
and MEAT touching an impurity is not eaten
and MEAT: all pure people eat MEAT
--------------------------------------------------
Rashi comments
---------------------------------------------
The continuous REPETITION of the word MEAT (vs
say use of a pronoun) creates emphasis: Even PARTIAL
organ meat can be eaten (as happens if some of an organ of
MEAT fell out of Temple grounds (and is therefore impure)
--the remaining part inside the temple can still be eaten
even though it is touching it.
----------------------------------------------
Both these examples use REPETITION.
- In one case the REPETITION creates RESTRICTION
(only the part of the garment touched with blood)
- In the other case the REPETITION creates BROADENING
(even a PARTIAL organ can be eaten)
LIST150a presents verses where Repetition motivates a broad
interpretation of words. LIST160a presents verses where Repetition
motivates a restrictive interpretation of words.
==================================================================
ITEM DETAIL
======================== =========================================
RASHI RULE CLASS: REPETITION
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS BROAD
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #20
SEE BELOW LIST150a
List of verses with REPEATED words interpreted broadly
------------------------ ------------------------------------
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS: RESTRICTIVE MEANING
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #19
SEE BELOW LIST160a
List of verses with REPEATED words interpreted restrictively
==================================================================
========================= LIST150a ===========================
List of verses with REPEATED words interpreted broadly
==============================================================
VERSE TEXT OF VERSE EMPHASIS...DO IT...
======== ====================== ==============================
Lv07-19b MEAT:all MEAT eatable Even if PART of organ bad*3
Lv05-15b TRESPASS TRESPASS tmpl Not only eating;any benefit*2
Dt13-16a HIT HIT by sword EVEN by Fire
Dt15-08b GIVE GIVE charity EVEN by loaning
Dt16-20a PURSUE PURSUE Justice EVEN for mistaken aquitals
Ex12-09c COOK COOK in water EVEN in other liquids
Lv20-02b EXECUTE EXECUTE EVEN by the masses*1
NOTES
------
*1 Supported by Dt17-06:07 which states
--------------------------------------
..first the witnesses execute...then the people execute
--------------------------------------
*2 See http://www.Rashiyomi.com/lv05-02a.htm for a full
discussion of the three Rashi methods connected with
this verse.
*3 e.g. If PART of meat fell outside temple (and is thereby
impure) then you can still eat the part of the meat
that remained inside the temple (even though the two
parts are connected)
===========================================================
=================== LIST160a =====================================
List of verses with REPEATED words interpreted restrictively
==================================================================
VERSE TEXT OF VERSE MEANING OF REPETITION
======== ================================ ========================
Nu04-04a The HOLY of HOLIES Holiest part of temple
Ex31-15a A SABBATH of SABBATHS*1 Even cooking prohibited
Lv13-49a Y-R-K-R-K (GreenReen) The GREENEST of GREENS*2
Lv13-49b A-D-M-D-M (Reded) The REDEST of REDS*2
Gn28-11a He prayed by THE PLACE..PLACE*3 >THE PLACE<=the Temple
Gn37-15a And a MAN found him..THE MAN.*4 >THE MAN<=AProphet/Angel
-------- ------------------------------- -----------------------
Lv01-08d wood on fire ON ALTAR ON ALTAR No wood protruding*5
Lv14-17a Blood on ear;Oil on ear ON BLOOD BLOOD must be first*5
Lv21-03a NonMarried sister-close to brthr single or engaged*6
Lv21-03b NonMarried sister-close to brthr single or engaged*6
Lv22-22f Dont offer Dont offer..blemished ANY act of offering*7
Lv21-21b BLEMISHED BLEMISHED priests... If still blemished*8
Lv06-20c Blood on GARMENT,SPRINKLED PART Only SPRINKLED PART*9
NOTES
------
*1 Ex31-15b further points out that all holidays which are
referred to as >SABBATH of SABBATH< (Ex31-15, Lv23-32)
have prohibitions of both WORK and EATING. By contrast
all holidays which are only called >SABBATH< (Lv23-23
and Lv23-39) only have a prohibition of Work but not
a prohibition of COOKING. This is fully discussed at
http://www.RashiYomi.Com/h6n12.htm)
*2 This is fully discussed in http://www.RashiYomi.Com/h1n23.htm
Ibn Ezra seems to disagree and state that GReenReen means a
light green (which would contradict this list). But as I
show in that posting, Ibn Ezra retracted what he said in his
commentary on Ps45-03. In fact Ibn Ezra simply points out
that he was testing the consistency of this rule against all
doubled roots. To make a long story short we reviewed all
roots & found possible problems with only 2 verses, Ps38-11
and Songs6-1. However we can properly translate these verses
Ps38-11 would be translated as >My heart FLUTTERS (intense
back and forth motion)<; Similarly Songs6-1 would be
translated as >Dont avoid me simply because I am very
SUNBURNED (an intense form of DAWN-COLOR)
*3 Many of the examples in this list are CONSTRUCTS
e.g. The HOLY of HOLIES. Future additions to this
list will emphasize examples similar to Lv01-08d
*4 So the repeated word MAN must refer to the narrow meaning
of the Hebrew ISH which means A DISTINGUISHED man such
as an Angel or Judge.
*5 In legal terminology the repetition creates ESSENTIALITY
- The wood is on the altar; and MUST be on the altar
- Blood on ear; oil on ear; and the blood MUST come first
*6 In other words the priest can defile himself to a sister
who is REALLY NOT MARRIED (not married and still CLOSE
to her brother the Priest)--thus the priest can defile
himself to a SINGLE and ENGAGED sister but not to a
MARRIED sister
*7 If you review Lv22-17:25 you will find 3-5 repetitions
of the concept that BLEMISHED ANIMALS SHOULD NOT BE
OFFERED (or PLACED ON FIRE) TO GOD. Therefore the
REPETITION applies to ANY PART OF THE OFFERING
PROCEDURE. The main parts of the OFFERING PROCEDURE are
- DEDICATION of the animal
- SLAUGHTER of animal
- RECEIPT of animal blood
- OFFERING ON FIRE of organs*10
*8 In other words only is he is REALLY BLEMISHED = STILL
BLEMISHED (But if he recovered from the Blemish then
the law does not apply and he can offer offerings)
*9 The verse states
----------------------------------------------------
If blood falls on a GARMENT, then wash in the temple
THAT ON WHICH IT FELL
----------------------------------------------------
The capped words indicate a quasi repetition. This
repetition creates emphasis. ONLY the part of the
garment on which the blood is sprinkled need be
washed.
----------------------- LONGER FOOTNOTES -------------------
*10 An important point about learning Rashi should be
emphasized. Many Rashi commentators play NUMBER GAMES
- they count FOUR repetitions of DONT OFFER
- they then note FOUR applications of emphasis in Rashi
(to a) Dedication b) Slaughter c) receipt of blood
d) offering
However our approach in this list has always been
conceptual. The REPETITION denotes EMPHASIS. The
EMPHASIS in turn simply includes ALL CASES--ALL PARTS
OF THE PROCEDURE. We think this a mature and satisfying
approach to Rashi.
=================================================================
---------------------------------------------------
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Volume 25 Number 9
#*#*#*# (C) 2000-2005, RashiYomi Inc. Dr Hendel President #*#*#*#
Volume 25 Number 9