#*#*#*#*# (C) 2001, RashiYomi Inc. Dr Hendel President #*#*#*#*#
-----------------------------------------------------------
| Rashi is Simple Version 2.0 |
| (C) RashiYomi Inc., Dr Hendel President |
| http://www.RashiYomi.Com |
| PERMISSION to reprint WITH this header if NOT for profit |
------------------------------------------------------------
VERSE: Lv11-03a
RASHIS COVERED: Lv11-03a Lv11-09a Lv11-09b Lv11-10a
======================== Lv11-03a ==========================
SUCCINCT SUMMARY
----------------
One of Rashis 5 main goals was to explain the meaning of
words the same way a dictionary explains words. Rashi had
a variety of vehicles to explain meaning.
EXAMPLE Lv11-10a
----------------
The INSECT (Sheretz) is a creature who RUNS(She-Ratz)
swiftly. Many roots beginning with SHIN have similar
etymologies.
EXAMPLE Lv11-03a
----------------
A SPLIT (Shesah) hoof is a hoof that looks like it
was RIPPED (Shi-SaH). Here, etymology is by APPEARANCE
(that is, the SPLIT hoof looks RIPPED)
EXAMPLE Lv11-09b
----------------
The FISH SCALES (KasKeseth) scattered over a fish-s
body looks like STUBBLE (Kash) scattered over the
ground. Here again etymology is by APPEARANCE
EXAMPLE Lv11-09a
----------------
The FISH FINS (Snapir) over the fish-s body looks
like a collection of SHRUBS (SN) that the fish
uses to FLY (PoRayAch) thru the water. Here we use
the standard etymology of 4 letter roots.
==========================================================
ITEM DETAIL
======================== =======================================
RASHI RULE CLASS: WORD MEANINGS
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS 2-4 Letter roots
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #7
SEE BELOW LIST910d
List of root pairs with SHIN-SIN difference;they mean same
---------------------- -------------------------------
SEE BELOW LIST910h
List of 4 letter roots=sum of 2 letter roots
---------------------- -------------------------------
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS 8 Methods of Naming
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #7
SEE BELOW LIST810b
List of words named by FORM/APPEARANCE
---------------------- -------------------------------
SEE BELOW LIST910i
List of words with Prefix SHIN meaning THAT=Good Example
================================================================
=================== LIST910i ===========================
List of words with Prefix SHIN meaning THAT=Good Example
========================================================
ROOT MEANS GOOD EXAMPLE OF MEANING OF LAST 2 LTTRS
======= ======== =============== =======================
Sh-G-L Stripper Good example of Uncovering*10
Sh-A-L Ask Good example of To me
Sh-R-Tz Insect Good example of running*1
Sh-C-L Cluster Good example of All there
Sh-C-V Death Good example of Extinguished
Sh-C-L Lion Good example of Frightening
Sh-C-N Dwelling Good example of Founded
NOTES
-----
*1 Lv11-10a
------------------ LONGER FOOTNOTES --------------------
*10 The method of interpreting this table should be
clear. The root GLH means to UNCOVER. The root
ShGL means a STRIPPER. We perceive the etymology
of STRIPPER(shgl) as--THAT(=shin) UNCOVERS(=glh)
Here the word THAT is used in the sense of A
PARTICULARLY GOOD EXAMPLE. The other examples in
this list should be clear.
========================================================
=========================== LIST910h =======================
List of 4 letter roots=sum of 2 letter roots
============================================================
4 LETTER ROOT MEANING 1st 2 LETTERS LAST 2 LETTERS
============= ============ =============== =================
AVRAYCH*1*4 Good leader Father Gentle/soft
MMZR*1 Illegitimate Blemished (From a)Stranger
ARAL Angel Lion (of) God
BLAD Except Without (BLi) Others
BRZL Iron Strong (BRi) Branch (ZLZL)
ZLAF Fright Worthless (and) Fatigued*3
SRAF Branches A Pot (ie nest) (for) Birds *2
PANAYACH Insightful Brings out(POA) The Hidden(NAX)*5
ChachLiL Intoxicating Swirling(LL) the palate(XC)*6
SnaPir Fish fins Shrub like(SN) used to fly*7
NOTES:
------
*1 There are two approaches to 4 letter roots. Sometimes we
try and see them as 2 two letter roots and sometimes we try
and see them as a 3 letter root with an extra letter. Thus
ASTR is explained in the Talmud as ASR. Rav Hirsch stuck to
the 3 letter approach even in obvious cases--thus he takes
MMZR from MZR a rare word in Job.
Similarly Rashi cites a controversy on AVRAYCH:
-- A double 2 letter approach would yield:
AVRAYCH=Gentle(Rc) Father(Av)
-- A 3 letter approach would yield:
AVRAYCH=Kneel (Brch) to me (Aleph)
*2 Note the poetic lisence in e.g.
SRAF = BIRD(AF) POT (SiR)= Something for Bird nests
This type of small poetic lisence is common in etymologies
and makes their study difficult
*3 Note the finer nuances in some translations. For example ZLAF
occurs rarely in TNACH and its meaning is inferred from its
context. The RDQ in his book of ROOTS says its meaning is SOME
TYPE OF FRIGHT....this could go well with the verse cited by
RDK: "fright has overtaken me"
But perhaps a BETTER translation is
feeling worthless and tired So that the verse with
ZLAF would mean WORTHLESSNESS & FATIGUE HAS OVERTAKEN ME
Then again perhaps there is no way to see which translation
is better
*4 Rashi Gn41-43b
*5 Rashi Gn41-45
*6 Rashi Gn49-12a
*7 The following may help:
- PRCh means to FLY; in connection with fish it could
refer to swimming throughout the water
- SN can mean THORNBUSH or BRANCHES (Songs07-09). I
therefore suggest it means SHRUB like.
So SN-PR would refer to SHRUB-LIKE(SN) protrusions by
which a fish FLYES (PR) - SNPR.
=================================================================
======================== LIST910d ============================
List of root pairs with SHIN-SIN difference;they mean same
==============================================================
ROOT SIN SHIN COMMONALITY OF TWO ROOTS
============= ======= ========== =============================
Kas-Kas Scales Stubble Scales:Fish::Stubble:Ground*3
Sin-Lamed-Vav FatBird Tranquil Feeling of Saiety
Ayin-Sin-Resh 10 rich 10=plurality;rich=much money
Ayin-Sin-Kuph dispute wage-theft Both involve property fights
Kuph-Sin-Kuph Quarter trinkets*2 Both are small silver objects
Chet-Sin-Caph withold dark To withold=keep it in dark
Nun-Sin-Aleph lift up seduce Seduce=give a person a HIGH
NOTES
-----
*1 The 2 Rashis on Gn25-29a Gn25-29b both describe
property disputes on the wells, Hence the two roots
- Ayin-Shin-Kaph=Withold wages
- Ayin-Sin-Kaph=dispute
*2 Biblical money has the following analogy with English
------------------------------
Penny = Perutah
Quarter = Kesitah = 1/6 Dinar
Dollar = Dinar
5 Dollar = Selah = 4 Dinar
------------------------------
We of course use poetic lisence to translate Kesitah as
a Quarter (since it really is a sixth)
*3 This is an example of naming by APPEARANCE
See LIST810b for further examples
================================================================
============= LIST810b ================================
List of words named by FORM/APPEARANCE
=======================================================
VERSE TERM Refers to ...
======== ============== ===============================
Ex25-23a Table STATURE Table HEIGHT *3
Ex25-31d MENORAH THIGH Its Bottom(Rashi)
Ex40-22a Temple THIGH Temple SIDE
Ex40-22b Temple THIGH Temple SIDE
Lv01-11a Altar THIGH Altar SIDE
-------- -------------- ----------------------
Ex27-03a POT GARBAGE PAIL
Ex25-31f MENORAH BUD Bud-like ornament
Ex25-31g MENORAH FRUIT Fruit-like ornament
Ex25-31h MENORAH FLOWER FLOWER-like ornament
Ex28-33a POMEGRANATES POMEGRANATE ORNAMENTS
-------- -------------- ----------------------
Lv13-03b CLOUD wound WHITE wound
Ex25-04a SKY thread Thread dyed SKY BLUE
Ex25-04b WORM Thread Thread DYED RED
-------- -------------- ----------------------
Lv13-55d PIT wound DEEP wound(Pechethet)
Lv13-18a LOW wound ABCESS
Ex39-01b SKY FLATTENED out*1
Lv11-09b Fish STUBBLE Fish SCALES
Ex25-25a Table CASING SURROUNDS table legs
-------- -------------- ----------------------
Nu31-50c The ROUND EARING JEWELRY
Ex28-32a MOUTH-HEAD NECK of a garment
Ex35-13a FACE BREAD Bread with 2 faces
Ex28-04d CHECKERED CHECKERED Garment
Lv11-03a RIPPED SPLIT hoofs
NOTES
-----
*1 Rashi supplements this explanation by
citing verses where RKA means to
FLATTEN OUT(eg Isa42-05,P136-07,
2S22-43, Ez06-11,Ex39-03, Nu17-04,
Jr10-09--in all these verses RKA
means to flatten out/crush)
*2 Perhaps the punchiest example is the following
- PENTAGON - named by form
- U.N. ----- named by function
*3 - STATURE is an attribute of HUMANS
- HEIGHT is an attribute of OBJECTS
=======================================================
---------------------------------------------------
WARNING: The following additional references may be too wordy
However they frequently contain additional information & lists
The hyperlinks only work on the main website
Volume 21 Number 15
#*#*#*#*# (C) 2001, RashiYomi Inc. Dr Hendel President #*#*#*#*#
Volume 21 Number 15