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VERSE: Lv11-03a

RASHIS COVERED: Lv11-03a Lv11-09a Lv11-09b Lv11-10a

======================== Lv11-03a ==========================

SUCCINCT SUMMARY
----------------
One of Rashis 5 main goals was to explain the meaning of
words the same way a dictionary explains words. Rashi had
a variety of vehicles to explain meaning.

EXAMPLE Lv11-10a
----------------
The INSECT (Sheretz) is a creature who RUNS(She-Ratz)
swiftly. Many roots beginning with SHIN have similar
etymologies.

EXAMPLE Lv11-03a
----------------
A SPLIT (Shesah) hoof is a hoof that looks like it
was RIPPED (Shi-SaH). Here, etymology is by APPEARANCE
(that is, the SPLIT hoof looks RIPPED)

EXAMPLE Lv11-09b
----------------
The FISH SCALES (KasKeseth) scattered over a fish-s
body looks like STUBBLE (Kash) scattered over the
ground. Here again etymology is by APPEARANCE

EXAMPLE Lv11-09a
----------------
The FISH FINS (Snapir) over the fish-s body looks
like a collection of SHRUBS (SN) that the fish
uses to FLY (PoRayAch) thru the water. Here we use
the standard etymology of 4 letter roots.
==========================================================
ITEM                     DETAIL
======================== =======================================
RASHI RULE CLASS:        WORD MEANINGS
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS      2-4 Letter roots
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #7
SEE BELOW                LIST910d
List of root pairs with  SHIN-SIN difference;they mean same
----------------------   -------------------------------
SEE BELOW                LIST910h
List of                  4 letter roots=sum of 2 letter roots
----------------------   -------------------------------
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS      8 Methods of Naming
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #7
SEE BELOW                LIST810b
List of                  words named by FORM/APPEARANCE
----------------------   -------------------------------
SEE BELOW                LIST910i
List of words with       Prefix SHIN meaning THAT=Good Example
================================================================

=================== LIST910i ===========================
List of words with Prefix SHIN meaning THAT=Good Example
========================================================
ROOT    MEANS    GOOD EXAMPLE OF MEANING OF LAST 2 LTTRS
======= ======== =============== =======================
Sh-G-L  Stripper Good example of Uncovering*10
Sh-A-L  Ask      Good example of To me
Sh-R-Tz Insect   Good example of running*1
Sh-C-L  Cluster  Good example of All there
Sh-C-V  Death    Good example of Extinguished
Sh-C-L  Lion     Good example of Frightening
Sh-C-N  Dwelling Good example of Founded

NOTES
-----
*1 Lv11-10a

------------------ LONGER FOOTNOTES --------------------

*10 The method of interpreting this table should be
    clear. The root GLH means to UNCOVER. The root
    ShGL means a STRIPPER. We perceive the etymology
    of STRIPPER(shgl) as--THAT(=shin) UNCOVERS(=glh)
    Here the word THAT is used in the sense of A
    PARTICULARLY GOOD EXAMPLE. The other examples in
    this list should be clear.
========================================================


=========================== LIST910h =======================
List of 4 letter roots=sum of 2 letter roots
============================================================
4 LETTER ROOT MEANING      1st 2 LETTERS   LAST 2 LETTERS
============= ============ =============== =================
AVRAYCH*1*4   Good leader  Father          Gentle/soft
MMZR*1        Illegitimate Blemished       (From a)Stranger
ARAL          Angel        Lion (of)       God
BLAD          Except       Without (BLi)   Others
BRZL          Iron         Strong (BRi)    Branch (ZLZL)
ZLAF          Fright       Worthless       (and) Fatigued*3
SRAF          Branches     A Pot (ie nest) (for) Birds *2
PANAYACH      Insightful   Brings out(POA) The Hidden(NAX)*5
ChachLiL      Intoxicating Swirling(LL)    the palate(XC)*6
SnaPir        Fish fins    Shrub like(SN)  used to fly*7

NOTES:
------
*1 There are two approaches to 4 letter roots. Sometimes we
try and see them as 2 two letter roots and sometimes we try
and see them as a 3 letter root with an extra letter. Thus
ASTR is explained in the Talmud as ASR. Rav Hirsch stuck to
the 3 letter approach even in obvious cases--thus he takes
MMZR from MZR a rare word in Job.

Similarly Rashi cites a controversy on AVRAYCH:
-- A double 2 letter approach would yield:
   AVRAYCH=Gentle(Rc) Father(Av)
-- A 3 letter approach would yield:
   AVRAYCH=Kneel (Brch) to me (Aleph)


*2 Note the poetic lisence in e.g.
     SRAF =  BIRD(AF) POT (SiR)= Something for Bird nests
This type of small poetic lisence is common in etymologies
and makes their study difficult

*3  Note the finer nuances in some translations. For example ZLAF
occurs rarely in TNACH and its meaning is inferred from its
context. The RDQ in his book of ROOTS says its meaning is SOME
TYPE OF FRIGHT....this could go well with the verse cited by
RDK: "fright has overtaken me"

But perhaps a BETTER translation is
feeling worthless and tired So that the verse with
ZLAF would mean WORTHLESSNESS & FATIGUE HAS OVERTAKEN ME
Then again perhaps there is no way to see which translation
is better

*4 Rashi Gn41-43b

*5 Rashi Gn41-45

*6 Rashi Gn49-12a

*7 The following may help:
   - PRCh means to FLY; in connection with fish it could
   refer to swimming throughout the water

   - SN can mean THORNBUSH or BRANCHES (Songs07-09). I
   therefore suggest it means SHRUB like.

   So SN-PR would refer to SHRUB-LIKE(SN) protrusions by
   which a fish FLYES (PR) - SNPR.
=================================================================

======================== LIST910d ============================
List of root pairs with  SHIN-SIN difference;they mean same
==============================================================
ROOT          SIN     SHIN       COMMONALITY OF TWO ROOTS
============= ======= ========== =============================
Kas-Kas       Scales  Stubble    Scales:Fish::Stubble:Ground*3
Sin-Lamed-Vav FatBird Tranquil   Feeling of Saiety
Ayin-Sin-Resh 10      rich       10=plurality;rich=much money
Ayin-Sin-Kuph dispute wage-theft Both involve property fights
Kuph-Sin-Kuph Quarter trinkets*2 Both are small silver objects
Chet-Sin-Caph withold dark       To withold=keep it in dark
Nun-Sin-Aleph lift up seduce     Seduce=give a person a HIGH

NOTES
-----
*1 The 2 Rashis on Gn25-29a Gn25-29b both describe
   property disputes on the wells, Hence the two roots
   - Ayin-Shin-Kaph=Withold wages
   - Ayin-Sin-Kaph=dispute


*2 Biblical money has the following analogy with English
   ------------------------------
   Penny    = Perutah
   Quarter  = Kesitah = 1/6 Dinar
   Dollar   = Dinar
   5 Dollar = Selah = 4 Dinar
   ------------------------------
We of course use poetic lisence to translate Kesitah as
a Quarter (since it really is a sixth)

*3 This is an example of naming by APPEARANCE
   See LIST810b for further examples
================================================================

============= LIST810b ================================
List of                  words named by FORM/APPEARANCE
=======================================================
VERSE    TERM           Refers to ...
======== ============== ===============================
Ex25-23a Table STATURE  Table HEIGHT *3
Ex25-31d MENORAH THIGH  Its Bottom(Rashi)
Ex40-22a Temple THIGH   Temple SIDE
Ex40-22b Temple THIGH   Temple SIDE
Lv01-11a Altar THIGH    Altar SIDE
-------- -------------- ----------------------
Ex27-03a POT            GARBAGE PAIL
Ex25-31f MENORAH BUD    Bud-like ornament
Ex25-31g MENORAH FRUIT  Fruit-like ornament
Ex25-31h MENORAH FLOWER FLOWER-like ornament
Ex28-33a POMEGRANATES   POMEGRANATE ORNAMENTS
-------- -------------- ----------------------
Lv13-03b CLOUD wound    WHITE wound
Ex25-04a SKY thread     Thread dyed SKY BLUE
Ex25-04b WORM Thread    Thread DYED RED
-------- -------------- ----------------------
Lv13-55d PIT wound      DEEP wound(Pechethet)
Lv13-18a LOW wound      ABCESS
Ex39-01b SKY            FLATTENED out*1
Lv11-09b Fish STUBBLE   Fish SCALES
Ex25-25a Table CASING   SURROUNDS table legs
-------- -------------- ----------------------
Nu31-50c The ROUND      EARING JEWELRY
Ex28-32a MOUTH-HEAD     NECK of a garment
Ex35-13a FACE BREAD     Bread with 2 faces
Ex28-04d CHECKERED      CHECKERED Garment
Lv11-03a RIPPED         SPLIT hoofs

NOTES
-----
*1 Rashi supplements this explanation by
   citing verses where RKA means to
   FLATTEN OUT(eg Isa42-05,P136-07,
   2S22-43, Ez06-11,Ex39-03, Nu17-04,
   Jr10-09--in all these verses RKA
   means to flatten out/crush)

*2 Perhaps the punchiest example is the following
   - PENTAGON - named by form
   - U.N. ----- named by function

*3 - STATURE is an attribute of HUMANS
   - HEIGHT is an attribute of OBJECTS
=======================================================
---------------------------------------------------
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Volume 21 Number 15


#*#*#*#*#  (C) 2001, RashiYomi Inc. Dr Hendel President #*#*#*#*#
Volume 21 Number 15