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VERSE: Lv12-07a

================== Lv12-07a ========================

VERY BRIEF SUMMARY
------------------
One of Rashis 10 main goals is to explain the
rules of Grammar the same way Hebrew grammar
books explain grammar.

One important focus of grammar is the
plural-singular principles. Many people naively
believe that every sentence must be ALL singular
or ALL plural. In fact combining SINGULAR with
PLURAL is very common in sentences.

A variety of examples and rules are presented
below.  Here are some simple guidelines and
examples

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT: This set of 4 rules
---------------- was inspired by the Malbim.

RULE 1
------
SINGULR(V) SINGULAR(S)--eg EACH PERSON HE MOUNTS

-- SINGULAR SINGULAR is used to indicate NO
commonality (Every person does it his own way)

EXAMPLE
-------
After Benjamin was caught, each of Jacobs sons,
HE MOUNTED HIS DONKEY

(RASHI: They were so upset they mounted
individually without helping each other)


RULE 2
------
PLURAL(V) SINGULAR(S) SINGULAR(DO)-eg
-- each person THEY RETURN to HIS inheritance

PLURAL SINGULAR SINGULAR indicates
---- a COMMON act
---- but INDIVIDUALLY done

EXAMPLE
-------
So the JUBILEE year is a COMMON free-er
of all slaves (PLURAL: THEY RETURN). But
each person goes back to HIS individual
inheritance.

RULE 3
------
PLURAL(V) PLURAL(S)--eg THEY offer THEIR sacrifices

PLURAL PLURAL indicates a COMMUNAL act done
by the community as a whole.

EXAMPLE
--------
So SINGULAR (HE OFFERS) indicates a personal
UP offering while by contrast a PLURAL (THEY
OFFER) indicates a COMMUNITY UP OFFERING
(Brought by the community as a whole)


RULE 4a
-------
SINGULAR (V) PLURAL (S) -- e.g
the rings--IT will be for housing the poles

SINGULAR PLURAL connotes a task performed
by the group.

EXAMPLE
-----------------------------------------
The ringS--IT will be to house the
carrying poles.
----------------------------------

RULE 4b
-------
SINGULAR (V) PLURAL (S) -- e.g.
----------------------------------
bring UP and SIN Offering...
the priest offers IT
----------------------------------

Rashi comments
---------------
Singular Plural connotes that
it is PREFERRED to have 2 items
but only 1 item is REQUIRED. Here
the women becomes pure as soon as
the SIN offering is offered even
though she also has to have offered
the UP offering.

There are more rules but this will suffice for now
LIST070a belows summarizes this rule.
====================================================
ITEM                     DETAIL
======================== ========================
RASHI RULE CLASS:        GRAMMARr
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS:     PLURAL-SINGULAR
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #9
SEE BELOW                LIST070a
List of verses with      Plural-Singular Sub Verb
=================================================


================= LIST070a ===========================
List of verses with      Plural-Singular Sub Verb
======================================================
Subject     Verb           OBJECT             VERSE
=========== ============== ================== ========
The RINGS   IT*8 will be   for the poles      Ex30-04b
2 Offerings Offer IT*9                        Lv12-07a
----------- -------------- ------------------ -------
Each person no-fool around                    Lv18-06
Each person revere parents                    Lv19-03
Each person unloaded*1     his sack           Gn44-11
Each person dreamed*1      his dream          Gn40-05
Each person sold   *1      his field          Gn47-20
Each person gleaned*1      his needs          Gn16-16
Each person opened *1      his sack           Gn44-11
Each person returns*1      to his inheritance Lv25-13
----------- -------------- ------------------ -------
each person won-t withold  his burial plot*2  Gn23-06
Each person if he suspects his wife  *2       Nu05-12
Each person if he redeems  his tenth *2       Lv27-31
let them    make tzitzith  for themselves*3   Nu15-38
----------- -------------- ------------------ -------
each person was blessed    by his blessing *4 Gn49-28c
each person took           his sword *4       Gn34-25
each person took           his incensor*4     Lv10-01
----------- -------------- ------------------ -------
each person HE mounted     his donkey *5      Gn44-13
----------- -------------- ------------------ -------
each person who offers     a sacrifice        Lv01-02
they will   offer          their sacrifices*6 Lv01-02
----------- -------------- ------------------ -------
where they  they slaughter the UP Offering    Lv07-01
(there..)   they slaughter the GUILT offering Lv07-01
its blood   he spills*7    on the altar       Lv07-01

NOTES
-----
*1 This PLURAL-SINGULAR is rather normal usage.
   So eg EACH PERSON THEY UNLOADED THEIR SACKS
   means that
   - they unloaded TOGETHER (eg at the same time
     or helping each other)
   - but they each unloaded their individual
   sacks

   SEE RULE 2: The PLURAL-SINGULAR indicates
   a common scope with individual differences
   Hence, eg Lv18-06 EACH PERSON, THEY SHOULDNT
   FOOL AROUND SEXUALLY--includes in scope
   both MALE and FEMALE fooling around


*2 Note the IF and NOT. The SINGULAR SINGULAR
   is appropriate. Eg IF SOMEONE SUSPECTS
   HIS WIFE (It doesnt necessarily apply to
   the whole group)!

   Similarly NO INDIVIDUAL PERSON WILL DENY
   HIS BURIAL PLOT TO YOU means that
   no particular person will so deny.

*3 Malbim suggests that COMMANDS can be
   stated in the plural when they apply
   to everybody (that is everybody has to
   make Tzitzith)

*4 So we see elements of COMMONALITY (PLURAL) and
   INDIVIDUALITY (SINGULAR) in these verses.

   - Each person THEY took HIS incensor
     RASHI: They didnt do it as a group
     The didnt consult each other

   - Each  person THEY took HIS sword
     RASHI: They didnt do it as group
     They didnt consult each other

   - Each person THEY WERE BLESSED
     according to THEIR blessing
     RASHI: So although the blessings
     were individual (eg Judah was a lion
     and Naftali was a Gazelle) nevertheless
     their was a commonality--that is Jacob
     bless all of them as a group with
     the blessings and benefits of each
     individual member.

   - Each person THEY should not fool around sexually
     RASHI: The plural singular implies that both
     male and female playing around are included*10

   - Each person THEY should revere their parents
     RASHI: Both MALE and FEMALE reverance are included*10


*5 Note the SINGULAR SINGULAR form---the brothers were
   upset at Benjamin being framed and hence they
   didnt think of each other---they EACH MOUNTED
   IN THEIR OWN WAY WITHOUT ANY UNISON

*6 So the first part of the verse talks about offering
   a voluntary individual offering. The 2nd part of
   the verse speaks about offering a voluntary
   communal offering (Hence the singular-plural)

*7 So although the verse talks about the GUILT
   offering nevertheless, it makes a general
   comment about COMMUNAL offerings:

   - wherever ANY communal UP offering is slaughtered
   - there, the GUILT offering is slaughtered

   As a side inference we see that the Torah assumes
   that ALL UP offerings (Individual-communal) are
   offered in the NORTH

*8 See RULE 4a---The
   - PLURAL Subject (Set of Rings)
   - with a SINGULAR verb (IT will be)
   connotes a GROUP action. Here, the GROUP of rings
   functions to house the carrying poles.

*9 See RULE 4b-- The
   - Plural subject (Up and Sin offering)
   - Singular verb (Offer IT)
   connotes that 2 are PREFERRED but 1 is REQUIRED.
   Hence as soon as the sin offering if offered
   the women is pure (even though they have to
   offer the UP offering also).

------------------------ LONGER FOOTNOTES --------------

*10 Actually Rashi only EXPLAINS the male-female
    distinction in one of these verses, but, as is
    the custom on our email group, this distinction
    should be equally applied to each of the verses

    - Rashi points out that men and women revere their
    parents differently since women have dual obligations
    (to their husbands and parents) while men tend to
    have individual obligations

    - The transfer to sexual prohibitions is obvious
    MALE and FEMALE fooling around are distinct and
    so the Torah prohibits each

    Note that based on our list, this interpretation
    is OBVIOUS and STRAIGHTFORWARD (Simple meaning)
    Rashi on Lv18-06a lists this meaning LAST and
    as our custom on this list we consider the LAST
    explanation of Rashi the true one.
========================================================
---------------------------------------------------
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Volume 29 Number 16


#*#*#*#  (C) 2000-2006, RashiYomi Inc. Dr Hendel President #*#*#*#
Volume 29 Number 16