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VERSE: Lv13-45e

======================= KRA can mean PROCLAIM ==================

----------------------------------------
TODAYS RASHI RULE:         WORD MEANINGS
TODAYS RASHI SUBRULE:      SYNONYMS
----------------------------------------

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
---------------
All the databases in the world will still not create intuition
and insight, they can only support it. We therefore give
humble acknowledgement to Malbim for his pioneering and deep
work on synonyms and their nuances. If Malbim is considered
the discoverer of a cave of Gems then I have brought a
flashlight in to behold the multi-color facets of these gems.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE RULE AND SUBRULE
-----------------------------------------
Rashi had 6 major goals in his commentary. See
http://www.RashiYomi.com/rules-01.htm.  One of these
major goals was similar to the goals of a dictionary.
Rashi wished to explain and clarify the meaning of words

However sometimes two words are synonyms. They seem to
mean the same thing. In such a case Rashis subgoal was
to explain the nuances that distinguished these two words.

In my paper PESHAT & DERASH, Tradition Winter 1980 I suggest
that an appropriate vehicle for clarifying word meanings is
use of semantic models from other languages.

STANDARD EXAMPLE
----------------
Perhaps the best or most famous example of word meaning
is the word KI. According to one Talmudic statement the
word KI has 4 meanings. But if you actually count the
meanings you will find 7.

EXERCISE
--------
Here are some sample verses. See if you can find the
right English translation for KI in each verse. That is
try and find one English word that will make the sentence
sound punchy and correct. The answers are provided below
--------------------------------------------------------------
1. Gn18-15a Sarah denied it, KI _______ she was afraid
2. Dt15-08b Dont be miserly. KI _______ Give charity
3. Ex34-09a KI _____ we become obstinate, THEN forgive us
4. Dt32-03a KI _____ I mention Gods name, give praise to God
5. Nu20-29c The nation saw KI _______ Aaron died
6. Ex23-05c KI _____ you will see him and desert him? Help him.
---------------------------------------------------------------

RASHIS SOLUTION
---------------
1. BECAUSE
2. RATHER
3. IF
4. WHEN
5. THAT
6. PERHAPS

STANDARD REFERENCES FOR THIS EXAMPLE
------------------------------------
See http://www.RashiYomi.com/words.htm which hyperlinks
to many more postings.


TODAYS EXAMPLE
--------------
Todays example is the verb KRA which traditionally is
translated as CALLS. However as the list below shows KRA can
mean
- CALL
- NAME
- SUMMON
- PROCLAIM
Rashi translates Lv13-45e as THE LEPOR WILL PROCLAIM HE
IS RITUALLY IMPURE. In other words, KRA means PROCLAIM

KRA also has other meanings (Such as READ). FInally KRA
can have specific meanings based on the prepositions it
is associated with (For example: KRA EL means to PAGE, that
is to announce that someone will call you). In this
posting we simply concentrate on possible meanings
and do not study the more complex issue of which
connective prepositions should be used.

EXAMPLE
-------
Using a Konkordance or CD Rom try and do the following
-- find verses with the root KRA
-- find semantic models (nifty translations) for these verses
-- try and find verses where KRA means CALL, SUMMON, PROCLAIM
Such an exercise enriches ones understanding of nuances.

FURTHER READING
---------------
Dr Zornbergs books on the Bible, although not written in an
analytic tradition, are nevertheless conceptually based on
the differing nuances of synonyms. A person who reads her
books will gain much in this particular skill competency.
================================================================
VERSE    TEXT OF VERSE                NUANCE/MEANING OF KRA
======== ============================ ==========================
Lv13-45e Lepor PROCLAIMS he is impure PROCLAIMS
Lam04-15 Enemy PROCLAIMS:Impures out  PROCLAIMS
Gn01-05  God NAMED darkness, night    NAMED
1K1-19   we werent INVITED            INVITED
Lv01-01  God PAGED Moses & spoke      PAGE *1

NOTES
-----
*1 A famous Malbim states that KRA when followed by the
   preposition EL means to PAGE (that is, to announce that
   someone will talk to you soon). In fact an analysis of
   verses with KRA EL confirms that they are always FOLLOWED
   by a DIALOGUE confirming that KRA means to PAGE We do
   not go into further detail here. For a more thorough
   discussion see http://www.RashiYomi.com/lv01-01a.htm
================================================================

RASHI RULE USED: SYNONYMS
---------------------------------------------------
WARNING: The following additional references may be too wordy
However they frequently contain additional information & lists
The hyperlinks only work on the main website

Volume 13 Number 17


#*#*#*#*#  (C) 2001, RashiYomi Inc. Dr Hendel President #*#*#*#*#