#*#*#*#*# (C) 2001, RashiYomi Inc. Dr Hendel President #*#*#*#*#
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VERSE: Lv14-12c
================== Lv14-12c ==============================
VERY BRIEF SUMMARY
------------------
Lv14-12c has a charming hopping of singular and plural
-- (take the ANIMAL and OIL-QUART)
-- waive THEM (plural)
-- for a waiving(Singular!)
So Rashi-is-Simple
- From the plural -- WAIVE THEM--we learn that they
(animal and oil quart) are both waived
- From the singular-- WAIVING--we learn that they
are waived together and not separately
==========================================================
ITEM DETAIL
======================== ========================
RASHI RULE CLASS: GRAMMARr
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS: PLURAL-SINGULAR
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #9
SEE BELOW LIST070a
List of verses with Plural-Singular verses
=================================================
================= LIST070a ===========================
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT: This whole list and set
---------------- of principles is due to MALBIM
whose teachings on the simplicity of Biblical
exegesis are profound and everlasting. OUr modest
contribution is to present HIS list in tabular
FORMAT.
The list below presents verses which mix SINGULAR
and PLURAL. Here are some rough rules
RULE 1
------
SINGULR(V) SINGULAR(S)--eg EACH PERSON HE MOUNTS
SINGULAR SINGULAR is used to indicate NO
commonality (Every person does it his own way)
RULE 2
------
PLURAL(V) SINGULAR(S) SINGULAR(DO)-eg
-- each person RETURNS to HIS inheritance
PLURAL SINGULAR SINGULAR indicates
---- a COMMON act
---- but INDIVIDUALLY done
RULE 3
------
PLURAL(V) PLURAL (S)--eg THEY offer THEIR sacrifices
PLURAL PLURAL indicates a COMMUNAL act done
by the community as a whole.
RULE 4
------
PLURAL&SINGULAR--eg WAIVES THEM(Plural) a WAIVING(sing
-- So the act is done to BOTH objects(plural)
at the same time (one WAIVING)
Note this last rule (Rule 4) is applied when
the plurality and singularity are both in
NOUNS (vs NOUN and VERBS).
There are more rules but this will suffice for now
======================================================
SINGULAR S PLURAL Verb SINGULAR OBJECT VERSE
=========== ============== ================== ========
Each person unloaded*1 his sack Gn44-11
Each person dreamed*1 his dream Gn40-05
Each person sold *1 his field Gn47-20
Each person gleaned*1 his needs Gn16-16
Each person opened *1 his sack Gn44-11
Each person returns*1 to his inheritance Lv25-13
----------- -------------- ------------------ -------
each person won-t withold his burial plot*2 Gn23-06
Each person if he suspects his wife *2 Nu05-12
Each person if he redeems his tenth *2 Lv27-31
let them make tzitzith for themselves*3 Nu15-38
----------- -------------- ------------------ -------
each person was blessed by his blessing *4 Gn49-28c
each person took his sword *4 Gn34-25
each person took his incensor*4 Lv10-01
----------- -------------- ------------------ -------
each person HE mounted his donkey *5 Gn44-13
----------- -------------- ------------------ -------
each person who offers a sacrifice Lv01-02
they will offer their sacrifices*6 Lv01-02
----------- -------------- ------------------ -------
where they they slaughter the UP Offering Lv07-01
(there..) they slaughter the GUILT offering Lv07-01
its blood he spills*7 on the altar Lv07-01
----------- -------------- ------------------ -------
waive THEM*8 WAIVING* Lv14-12
NOTES
-----
*1 This PLURAL-SINGULAR is rather normal usage.
So eg EACH PERSON THEY UNLOADED THEIR SACKS
means that
- they unloaded TOGETHER (eg at the same time
or helping each other)
- but they each unloaded their individual
sacks
*2 Note the IF and NOT. The SINGULAR SINGULAR
is appropriate. Eg IF SOMEONE SUSPECTS
HIS WIFE (It doesnt necessarily apply to
the whole group)!
Similarly NO INDIVIDUAL PERSON WILL DENY
HIS BURIAL PLOT TO YOU means that
no particular person will so deny.
*3 Malbim suggests that COMMANDS can be
stated in the plural when they apply
to everybody (that is everybody has to
make Tzitzith)
*4 So we see elements of COMMONALITY (PLURAL) and
INDIVIDUALITY (SINGULAR) in these verses.
- Each person THEY took HIS incensor
RASHI: They didnt do it as a group
The didnt consult each other
- Each person THEY took HIS sword
RASHI: They didnt do it as group
They didnt consult each other
- Each person THEY WERE BLESSED
according to THEIR blessing
RASHI: So although the blessings
were individual (eg Judah was a lion
and Naftali was a Gazelle) nevertheless
their was a commonality--that is Jacob
bless all of them as a group with
the blessings and benefits of each
individual member.
*5 Note the SINGULAR SINGULAR form---the brothers were
upset at Benjamin being framed and hence they
didnt think of each other---they EACH MOUNTED
IN THEIR OWN WAY WITHOUT ANY UNISON
*6 So the first part of the verse talks about offering
a voluntary individual offering. The 2nd part of
the verse speaks about offering a voluntary
communal offering (Hence the singular-plural)
*7 So although the verse talks about the GUILT
offering nevertheless, it makes a general
comment about COMMUNAL offerings:
- wherever ANY communal UP offering is slaughtered
- there, the GUILT offering is slaughtered
As a side inference we see that the Torah assumes
that ALL UP offerings (Individual-communal) are
offered in the NORTH
*8 This example differs from the others in that
the singular and plural are both in nouns
(vs noun and verb).
The subject is the WAIVINGS of the lepor
purification ceremony
- waive THEM (Plural) implies that BOTH
objects (ANIMAL and OIL-QUART) must be
waived
- waive a WAIVING (Singular) implies
that they are waived at the same
time (Hence one waiving)
========================================================
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Volume 17 Number 12
#*#*#*#*# (C) 2001, RashiYomi Inc. Dr Hendel President #*#*#*#*#
Volume 17 Number 12