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VERSE: Lv21-18b
In the following verses Rashi gives the MEANING OF WORDS.
However to fully appreciate Rashi we give comparable
linguistic and Hebrew examples.
EXAMPLES
--------
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(1) Verbs of MOTION can refer to EMOTIONS.
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The following {LIST} provides examples
Some Relevant Biblical verses and Rashis are
>Lv24-10a "And a Jew WENT OUT of his mind"
RASHI: The motion activity "WENT OUT" refers to the
emotion of INSANITY
>Nu16-01b "And Korach TOOK AHOLD of himself"
RASHI: THe physical activity TOOK AHOLD refers to
the emotion of ASSERTING oneself
{LIST}
COMPARABLE
VERB PSYHCOLOGICAL ENGLISHE SAMPLE
MEANING PHRASE VERSE
==== ============= ====================== ======
Take Assert oneself Take a hold of oneself Nu16-01*1
Take Assert oneself Get a grip on oneself Job15-12*1
Go out Fall in love Go bananas over Songs-5-6*2
Raise Arrogance Isa-3-16
Go out Become insane Go out of ones mind Lv24-10
Take Talk *3 TAKE him to our side Nu20-25
FOOTNOTES
*1 Job-15-12 is a comparable verse (TAKE YOUR HEART=ASSERT YOURSELF)
(Rashi). Also see 2S18-18 Abshalom Asserted himself and made
a monument to himself during his lifetime (RDK).
*2 (Cf the other English phrase "I can't take it without you" which
uses the word TAKE instead of GO OUT.) Indeed the rest of Songs-5
seems consistent with this for they ask her (when she says "I
am going bananas...I can't take it")--they say "Why is your lover
different than other lovers (that you pester us to find him)")
*3 In other words: TAKE does NOT mean PHYSICALLY TAKE but VERBALLY
PERSUADE (Verbally take)
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(2) Meanings can be learned from Explicit Links of Concepts
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The punishment of "being CUT OFF from the Jewish people" is
mentioned by several serious sins such as not doing circumcision
(Gn17-14), Eating blood(Lv17-14), Making Temple Perfume(Ex30-38),
Sleeping with a menstruant(Lv20-18), worshiping Ovs (Lv20-06)
None of these verses explains what this punishment of being
CUT OFF means.
However in one verse we have an explicit link
Lv23-29:30 For whomever violates Yom Kippur will be CUT OFF
....this soul will be LOST from the nation.
Thus in this one verse we have an explicit link
>CUT OFF = LOST from the nation
Further insights can be obtained from a {LIST} of the meanings
of the root A-V-D, LOST
{LIST}
VERSE TEXT
======== ==================================
Lv05-22 "to lose"
Thr02-09 "To destroy" (Make something lost)
Prv27-20 HELL (loss of spiritual existence)
This suggests that
>CUT OFF = GO TO HELL
which is what Rashi says.
Finally additional proof for this can be obtained from the
rule that the Hebrew letter Nun at the end of a word
denotes INTENSITY. The following list supports this
RULE: The Hebrew letter NUN at the end of a word indicates
INTENSITY or MUCHNESS:
EXAMPLES
--------
(a) PaaMN(Bell Claver)=Alot of (N) Hammering(PAAM);
(b) GICHON(Raging rapids)=Alot of (NUN) Goring noise (NGCH);
(c) PISHON(the Nile)=Produces Alot(NUN)of Flax(PS);
(d) CHRN(A person during the FLOOD era)=Intense(N) Anger(CHR)
(e) KoRBN (Sacrifice)= Intense (Nun) Closeness to God (KRV)
(f) ShlChaN(Table)= Alot (Nun) left out (on it)
(g) ZiChRN (Memorial)=Intense(Nun) Memory (ZCR)
(h) YERIVUN (Fist Fight) = Intense(Nun) Dispute (RV)
See the posting on Gn02-11a for further details.
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(3) THINGS CAN BE NAMED by Similar items THAT LOOK ALIKE
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For example the word CHERRY originally referred to the fruit
However it acquired a new meaning referring to the color.
Here is a {LIST} of similar concepts
{LIST} {Creation of new meaning: Things that LOOK LIKE
the original word}
FIRST MEANING NEW MEANING
============= ===========
The fruit, cherry The color, cherry
The shape, pentagon The building, pentagon
Loud=ALOT of noise a Loud dress=ALOT of noticeability
Storm=ALOT of raindrops Brainstorm=ALOT of ideas
Surf the seas=BUMPY journey surf the web = BUMPY lookup
(3a)Hence we have the Rashi on Lv23-40c
>"Take a Lulav ethrog and CORD TWIGS"
RASHI: The phrase CORD TWIGS refers to the hadassim.
For the 3 leafed HADASSIM "look like" twisted CORDS
Note that even though the meaning of HADAS is by tradition
nevertheless this can be backed up by {LIST} of comparable
concepts.
Here are some other examples (Rashis on Lv21-18 to Lv21-21)
(3b) A SUNKEN NOSED person is named because he looks like
a 2 holed NET (Ch-R-M)*1
(3c) A person one of whose 2 eyes is bigger is named
S-R-A from the word STRETCHED (Because that is what
he looks like)
(3d) A person with a SPOT in his eye is named D-K which
means THIN
(3e) A person with a STREAK IN HIS PUPIL is named T-B-L-L
from the root B-L-L which means to MIX
(3f) A person whose eyebrows are long and drooping all over
the skin is named GBN whose fundamental meaning is
rugged looking*2
NOTES
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*1 The other meanings of C-R-M are also related to the
unifying idea of a net. Thus we have
NET
TEMPLE DEDICATION (Netting something for God)
CONQUER (to "net" the enemy)
SUNKEN NOSE (Looks like a 2-holed net)
Notice how 2 of these meanings relate to form while (looks
like a net, while 2 of these meanings relate to function
(The purpose of a net is to NET fish)
*2 The other meanings of G-B-N also relate to the unifying
idea of RUGGEDNESS. We have
CHEESE--rugged looking
RUGGED MOUNTAINS
EYELASHES DROOPING ALL OVER EYES
By contrast the similar root G-B seems to mean BACKBONE as in
G-B, a human backbone
G-B, Backbone of altar
G-B, Single sticking out eyelash(looks like a backbone)
For further details see the main posting. Our approach avoids
certain problems of the R-D-K by classifying all meanings that
mean rugged under G-B-N and all other meanings in G-B.
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(4) Typical examples of a Group can refer to the whole group
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For example the word DAY can refer EITHER to the 12 hour period
or the 24 hour period. This is because most activities happen
during the DAY=the 12 hour period. Thus the word DAY generalizes
and can refer to the whole 24 hour period.
Here are some other examples
{LIST} {Partial list of nouns (objects) with narrow and general
meaning}
WORD NARROW MEANING BROAD MEANING
==== ============== =============
Day 12 hour period 24 hour period
Bread Bread Any Food
Man (ISH) Male Any person
E-L-H-I-M God Any Judge
Candellabra Main shaft Whole candellabra*1
FOOTNOTES
=========
*1 Cf Ex25-31 (broad meaning) vs Ex25-34 (narrow meaning). We have
a whole posting on the Menorah where this is developed in length.
(e.g. vEx25-31a)
Hence we have several Rashis that
>BREAD refers to FOOD (eg Gn31-54c,Lv03-11b,Lv21-17a)
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Volume 2 Number 3
#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*# (C) Dr Hendel, 2000 *#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*
Volume 2 Number 3