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VERSE: Nu01-18a

======================== Nu01-18a =======================

VERY BRIEF SUMMARY
------------------
One of Rashis 6 main goals is to explain
grammar the same way modern Hebrew grammar
books explain grammar.

A particular focus of grammar is the
conjugation of verbs and the meaning of the
various conjugation modes.

The most controversial of the conjugation modes
is the infamous HITPAEL mode. Most elementary
books interpret the HITPAEL as REFLEXIVE.

There are at least 3 other theories on the
meaning of the HITPAEL. Rashi however interprets
it as meaning INTERACTIVE. The LIST below
shows a LIST of verses where the HITPAEL
means INTERACTIVE

EXAMPLE: Nu01-18a
-----------------
VERSE: (interactively) born to their tribes

RASHI: They showed proof (birth certificates or
       witnesses) of their tribal status.

       The Rashi eg viewws birth certificates
       as an INTERACTION on tribal birth*10
===================================================
ITEM                     DETAIL
======================== ==========================
RASHI RULE CLASS:        GRAMMARr
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS:     CONJUGATION
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #9
------------------------ -----------------------------
SEE BELOW                LIST703a
Lists of verses with     HITPAEL meaning INTERACTIVE

------------------ LONGER FOOTNOTES -----------------

*10 We have been a bit casual here. The precise
    statement is that
    -- Y-L-D in the active tense means to GIVE BIRTH
    -- Y-L-D in the INTERACTIVE tense means to PROVE
       Birth Status

   Thus the root has 2 distinct meanings (Give
   birth and prove status). They however are related
   by a common root and the grammatical modes.
========================================================

======================= LIST703a ================================

According to Rashi the HITPAEL means the INTERACTIVE.
Several examples of roots in the HITPAEL, meaning
the INTERACTIVE, are presented below.*10
=================================================================
VERSE    ROOT             MEANING        INTERACTIVE MEANING
======== ================ ============== ========================
Dt22-01a Ayin-Lamed-Mem   OVERLOOK       AVOID
Gn26-20a Ayin-Shin-Kuf    WITHOLD WAGES  BICKER ABOUT PROPERTY*1
Gn26-20b Ayin-Shin-Kuf    WITHOLD WAGES  BICKER ABOUT PROPERTY*1
Ex08-05a Pay-Aleph-Resh   GLORIFY/BRAG   CHALLENGE*2
Gn06-09c Hey-Lamed-Caph   TO WALK        TO WALK WITH SOMEONE*3
Dt01-21a Aleph-Nun-Pay    ANGER*4        PICKY & ANGRY*5
Dt04-37a Aleph-Nun-Pay    ANGER*4        PICKY & ANGRY*5
Nu11-18a Kuf-Dalet-Shin   PREPARE        COMMUNAL PREPARATION*6
Ex10-02a AYIN-LAMED-LAMED HARASS*7       TO SPORT*8
Nu22-29a AYIN-LAMED-LAMED HARASS*7       TO SPORT*8
Dt29-18a Bet-Resh-Caph    to BLESS       Interactive blessing*9
Gn26-04a Bet-Resh-Caph    to BLESS       Interactive blessing*9
Ex32-03c Pay-Resh-Kuf     to UNLOAD      Communal unloading
Nu01-18a Yud-Lamed-Dalet  to GIVE BIRTH  Prove BIRTH STATUS

NOTES
-----
*1 Hence Gn26-20a "And they BICKERED with him about the ownership"

*2             The Hitpael form means to CHALLENGE (that is to
             BRAG thru interacting with someone else. Here is
             the Rashi).

    Ex08-05a Moses said to Pharoh...'you want the frogs removed
             ...well pick an exact time for their removal and
             if my God doesn't remove them by then you can brag
             how you outsmarted me'

*3  The hitpael form means --ie TO WALK WITH SOMEONE*3
    to FOLLOW HIS WAYS (eg so when used with God it
    means to follow a Godly life--(Rashi further
    distinguished between WALK TO and WALK OF...but
    we have explained this on Gn06-09c)

*4 See Isa12-1,Ps2-12 for verses that show that A-N-F means
   anger

*5 That is, you get picky on everything the
   person does--you allow, the person
   you are angry with, no way out---every attempt at
   apology is met with more anger (So you are
   INTERACTIVELY angry)

*6 The Hitpael form would
   mean to INTERACTIVELY PREPARE---TO PREPARE AS
   A COMMUNITY. Thus on Nu11-18a Rashi says to the
   community, "Prepare yourself for Gods punishment
   for the way you have complained"

   Note that this root can also, besides meaning to
   prepare, can also mean to DESIGNATE (as e.g.
   designating an animal for a sacrifice)

*7 The original meaning of the root
   is to prune grapes from a vine.

   Hence in the Kal Mode it can also mean to HARASS
   To eg continuously bicker away at somebody till
   he gives in.

   The clearest proof of this is Jer6-9 "And they
   will HARASS (Ayin-Lamed-Lamed) away at the Jews
   the way a grape-vine is pruned (Ayin-Lamed-Lamed)"

*8 In the hitpael mode Ayin-Lamed-Lamed would mean
   to interactively harass---I guess the closest
   meaning would be 'to sport' with someone.

   The difference between HARASS and SPORT is that
   in HARASS you just want to eat away at someone.
   By contrast, when you SPORT with someone you
   don't just harass someone but you also provoke
   them into fighting with you.

   Rashi actually brings Lam1-12 and Lam1-22 to
   vs Ex10-02 Jud19-25 Nu22-29a to support this
   distinction. Thus Jud19-25 should be translated
   THEY SPORTED WITH HER ALL NIGHT (vs they HARASSED
   HER ALL NIGHT)

*9             Rashi gives the following example

             eg When a father wishes to bless his son or friend
             he will say 'May you be blessed like Abraham'

             Similarly in Dt29-18a we could interpret it as

             'The person who sins fancies himself as a blessing
             to his people; he thinks he is a leader leading them
             to peace.'

   COMMENT: Note how this intepretation answers the question in
   Rashi on Dt29-28a: The NATION is punished for the deeds of the
   INDIVIDUAL because the NATION INTERACTED WITH him and put up
   with him See a similar theological Rashi on Lv20-05

------------------------ LONGER FOOTNOTES -----------------------

*10 There are 3 other theories on the meaning of the hitpael
    The most popular is that hitpael means REFLEXIVE. I
    think the verses above prove Rashi correct.

=================================================================
---------------------------------------------------
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Volume 17 Number 23


#*#*#*#  (C) 2000-2005, RashiYomi Inc. Dr Hendel President #*#*#*#
Volume 17 Number 23