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VERSE: Nu23-20c
RASHIS COVERED: Nu23-27a N23-13a Nu23-20c Nu23-15b
=================== Nu23-20c ==========================
SUCCINCT SUMMARY
----------------
One of Rashis 6 main goals is to explain grammar the
same way grammar textbooks do. A major function of
grammar is the explanation of root conjugation.
Two important Rashi methods in grammar are
- the explanation of rare root conjugation
- the explanation of almost identical conjugation pairs
EXAMPLE Nu23-27a Nu23-13a
-------------------------
The root K-B-B is a DOUBLE LETTER ROOT.
- The FUTURE (Will curse) is VeKaBoTho
- The COMMAND (Curse) is VeKavNo
The use of these 2 different words shows
a shift in nuance:
- The first time Balak ORDERED Balak to curse
- The 2nd time Balak REQUESTED that Balak WILL curse
This is an example of a conjugation pair that is
almost identical
EXAMPLE Nu23-20c
----------------
Normally the intense mode is conjugated with an EE sound
-- YeeNaK.
But when the 2nd root letter is guttural an AY sound
may be used
-- BayRaych.
This is an example of a rare conjugation.
EXAMPLE Nu23-15b
----------------
The form IKKaReH is the PASSIVE FUTURE for 1-2-Hey
roots. (Our current Rashi text calls this INTERACTIVE
but this is clearly an error---since the form is
passive). Since KRH means ACCIDENT it follows that
Balak states: I WILL LET A PROPHETIC ACCIDENT HAPPEN
TO ME HERE (Which is the way non jews think of
prophecy)
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT:
---------------
In reviewing examples we benefit from 2 good sources
- The Appendix of the IBN SHOSHAN Dictionary which contains
a list of 10 tables with the MOST COMMON conjugation
forms. This 10 page list is very good (More detailed
several 100 page books exist..but this summary is tops)
- The Moshe Silberman Grammatical Form Konkordance which
contains a list of all Biblical words grouped by root
============================================================
ITEM DETAIL
======================== ===================================
RASHI RULE CLASS: GRAMMARr
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS ROOT CONJUGATION
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #9
SEE BELOW LIST703c
List of Overview of Conjugation of 4 roots
------------------------ ----------------------------------
SEE BELOW LIST703d
List of verses with INTENSE conjugation form BayRaych
------------------------ ----------------------------------
SEE BELOW LIST703e
List of verses with PAST conjugation form KaBoTho
------------------------ ----------------------------------
SEE BELOW LIST703f
List of verses with PASSIVE conjugation form IKKaReh
=============================================================
======================= LIST703c ==========================
List of Overview of Conjugation of 4 roots
===========================================================
VERSE ROOT TEXT MODE TIME PLURAL Who G TABLE
======== ====== ======== ======= ======= ====== === = =====
Nu23-27a K-V-V KaBoTho Active Past Single 2nd M 10*10
Nu23-13a K-V-V KavNo Active Command Single M 10*1
Nu23-20c B-R-Ch BayRaych Intense Past Single 1st M 5*2
Nu23-15b K-R-H IKKaReH Passive Future Single 1st M 9*3
NOTES
-----
*1 The command form of the 1-2-2 (Double) roots is KOV
However when a suffix is attached the OH sound changes
to an AW sound (KawvNo)
*2 Table 5 gives BeeRaych. However before a Guttural
the EEE sound changes to an AY sound. Examples are
given in the list LIST703d
*3 The text of Rashi in the DAVKA CD Rom states that this
is the reflexive tense. But all examples of this form
are PASSIVE and there are no examples of HITPAEL in this
form except with dental letters. Hence we think it
proper to amend the Rashi text to reflect that this is
the PASSIVE.
-------------------- LONGER FOOTNOTES -------------------
*10 The Numbers in this column refer to tables in the
Ibn Shoshan Dictionary, Volume 5, Appendix.
==============================================================
================== LIST703d ===============================
List of verses with INTENSE conjugation form BayRaych*1
===========================================================
VERSE ROOT TEXT OF VERSE (With root translation capped)
======== ===== ============================================
Nu23-20c B-R-X God has BLESSED them;I will not retract
Dt05-01 B-A-R Moses began to EXPLAIN this Torah
P010-03 B-R-X The thief CURSES / DESPISES God
Ju05-18 X-R-F Zevulun SACRIFICED themselves on battlefield
Ex07-14 M-A-N Phaorh is stubborn;he REFUSED to let Jews go
NOTES
-----
*1 The examples in this list come from the Moshe Silberman
Grammatical Form Konkordance
FORM 3307.13 INTENSE Past Singular 1st Person Masculine
===========================================================
===================== LIST703e ============================
List of verses with PAST conjugation form KaBoTho
===========================================================
VERSE ROOT TEXT OF VERSE (With root translation capped)
======== ===== ============================================
Nu23-27a K-V-V Maybe God will OK it and you WILL CURSE them
Ex31-18 C-L-H God gave to Moses when HE FINISHED speaking
Ex26-13 C-S-H The leftover skins is spreadout to COVER it
P034-01 S-N-H when he CHANGED his appearance...
Ex06-10 S-V-H on the day that He COMMANDED
NOTES
-----
*1 The examples in this list come from the Moshe Silberman
Grammatical Form Konkordance
FORM 1219 ACTIVE PAST SING M 2nd SUFFICE
===========================================================
================== LIST703f ===================================
List of verses with PASSIVE conjugation form IKKaReh*10
===============================================================
VERSE ROOT TEXT OF VERSE (With root translation capped)
======== ===== ================================================
Jb22-23 B-N-H If you return to God then you will be REBUILT
Is43-02 C-V-H When you go in fire you will not be BURNT
Gn19-15 S-F-H Take your wife/2 daughters lest you be CONSUMED
Gn41-24 N-K-H You will be FREED from my oath when you arrive
Lv24-20 N-T-N As he gives a blow so will be GIVEN TO HIM
Nu23-15b K-R-H I will let prophetic accidents HAPPEN to me here
NOTES
-----
*1 The examples in this list come from the Moshe Silberman
Grammatical Form Konkordance
FORM 2980.3,4,5 PASSIVE Future Sing 2nd Person masculine
------------------------- LONGER FOOTNOTES ------------------
*10 Our current Rashi text states that the form is the
INTERACTIVE MODE (HITHPAEL). But all examples of this
form are in the PASSIVE MODE (NIFAL) Hence we feel
justified in changing the Rashi text.
===============================================================
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Volume 22 Number 12
#*#*#*#*# (C) 2001, RashiYomi Inc. Dr Hendel President #*#*#*#*#
Volume 22 Number 12