VERSE: Nu23-21a

RASHIS COVERED:  Nu23-21a Nu23-21b Nu23-21c Nu23-21d

===================== Nu23-21a ======================================

SUCCINCT SUMMARY
----------------
One of Rashis tasks is the explanation of POETIC
passages. Most of the meaning of a poetic passage
can be obtained by using the following simple techniques
- BULLET the phrases in the poetic passage
- What is the MAIN THEME of the passage
- How SHOULD that MAIN theme DEVELOP
- What phrases seem to coincide with this DEVELOPMENT
- Interpret the other phrases using the NEEDED DEVELOPMENT

Another way to look at this is to differentiate between
POETRY and PROSE.
- In PROSE we FIRST interpret the words and then combine
  the words into sentences
- In POETRY we FIRST identify the sentences with the
  main theme and then interpert the words based on the main them.

Using this basic approach of the
- THEME sentence
- SENTENCE 1st, WORDS 2nd
greatly facilitates the translation of a poetic passage.

EXAMPLE Nu23-21
------------------
The Biblical text states
------------------------------------
- God did not see iniquity in Jacob
- and did not see toil in Israel
- The God their Lord is with them
- The Trumpet blast of the King is with them
-------------------------------------

Following the outline above we have BULLETED the phrases.
Each separate sentence is a separate BULLET.

Next we identify the MAIN THEME
---------------------------------
- THE GOD THEIR LORD IS WITH THEM
---------------------------------

Next we must identify: How SHOULD the MAIN THEME DEVELOP
I think the following ideas reasonable
---------------------------------
- GOD IS WITH US
- God rejoices with us
- God overlooks errors and forgives sin
---------------------------------

Finally we follow the idea of
- THEME 1st
- MEANING 2nd!
That is we read this DEVELOPMENT into the Biblical text.
Here is the alignment of PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT vs TEXT
-----------------------------------------------------
PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT             BIBLICAL TEXT
--------------------------       --------------------
- God overlooks error            God didnt see iniquity
- God overlooks deliberate sin   God didnt see toil-sin
- God is with us                 God is with us
- God rejoices with us           Trumpet blast of King with us
-----------------------------------------------------

LIST110b summarizes this POETIC INTERPRETATION
=================================================================
ITEM                     DETAIL
======================== ========================================
RASHI RULE CLASS:        BULLETS
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS      POETRY
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #26
SEE BELOW                LIST110b
List of phrases in       Nu23-21a,b,c,d--GOD IS WITH US
=================================================================


======================= LIST110b ===========================
List of phrases in       Nu23-21a,b,c,d--GOD IS WITH US
============================================================
PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT*10      BIBLICAL TEXT
============================ ===============================
God overlooks error*1        God didnt see iniquity in Jacob
God overlooks deliberate sin God didnt see toil-sin *1
God is with us*2             God is with us*2
God rejoices with us         Trumpet blast of King with us*3

NOTES
-----
*1 We READ INTO THE TEXT development
   - INIQUITY = TRANSIENT sin
   - TOIL     = DELIBERATE sin that you work on
   Here we follow the rule *10 of THEME 1st; MEANING 2nd

*2 This is the THEME sentence--the basic idea of the poetic
   passage

*3 Of course TRUMPET BLAST is a sign of REJOICING.
   Note Rashi states
   ------------------------------------------------
   The Hebrew TERUAH is the language of RAYAH, FRIENDSHIP
   ------------------------------------------------

   Rashi seems to be saying
   ---------------------------------------------
   Root TERUAH comes from root RAYAH, Friendship!
   ---------------------------------------------

   Not so! Rashi really believes
   ---------------------------------------------
   TERUAH here has its USUAL Meaning of TRUMPET BLASTS
   ---------------------------------------------

   So Rashi is really saying
   ---------------------------------------------
   TRUMPET BLASTS is the language of FRIENDSHIP
   ---------------------------------------------

   In other words Rashi was not talking about
   - deriving GRAMMATICAL root of TERUAH from RAYAH
   Rather Rashi was talking about
   - deriving SEMANTIC MEANING of Teruah(Trumpet)
   from RAYAH(friendship)

   This distinction between
   - GRAMMATICAL FORM
   - SEMANTIC MEANING
   is fundamental to understanding Rashi.
   Know and Understand it.

------------------------ LONGER FOOTNOTES --------------------
*10

Most of the meaning of a poetic passage
can be obtained by using the following simple techniques
- BULLET the phrases in the poetic passage
- What is the MAIN THEME of the passage
- How SHOULD that MAIN theme DEVELOP
- What phrases seem to coincide with this DEVELOPMENT
- Interpret the other phrases using the NEEDED DEVELOPMENT

Another way to look at this is to differentiate between
POETRY and PROSE.
- In PROSE we FIRST interpret the words and then combine
  the words into sentences
- In POETRY we FIRST identify the sentences with the
  main theme and then interpert the words based on the main them.

Using this basic approach of the
- THEME sentence
- SENTENCE 1st, WORDS 2nd
greatly facilitates the translation of a poetic passage.

------------------------------------
- God did not see iniquity in Jacob
- and did not see toil in Israel
- The God their Lord is with them
- The Trumpet blast of the King is with them
-------------------------------------

Following the outline above BULLET the phrases.
Each separate sentence is a separate BULLET.
------------------------------------
- God did not see iniquity in Jacob
- and did not see toil in Israel
- The God their Lord is with them
- The Trumpet blast of the King is with them
-------------------------------------

Next we identify the MAIN THEME
---------------------------------
- THE GOD THEIR LORD IS WITH THEM
---------------------------------

Next we must identify: How SHOULD the MAIN THEME DEVELOP
I think the following ideas reasonable
---------------------------------
- GOD IS WITH US
- God rejoices with us
- God overlooks errors and forgives sin
---------------------------------

Finally we follow the idea of
- THEME 1st
- MEANING 2nd!
That is we read this DEVELOPMENT into the Biblical text.
Here is the alignment of PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT vs TEXT
-----------------------------------------------------
PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT             BIBLICAL TEXT
--------------------------       --------------------
- God overlooks error            God didnt see iniquity
- God overlooks deliberate sin   God didnt see toil-sin
- God is with us                 God is with us
- God rejoices with us           Trumpet blast of King with us
-----------------------------------------------------

================================================================
Volume 26 Number 14