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               (C) RashiYomi Incorporated, 2001
               Written by Dr Russell Jay Hendel

                     Volume 10 Number 12
                    Produced June 7, 2001

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VERSE: Nu10-02a

RASHI COVERED: Nu10-02a Nu10-02b Nu10-02c Nu13-02b
               Ex25-08a Ex25-02a Ex18-27a

COMMENT: Note that there are several viewpoints on HOW
         MANY Rashis are on Nu10-01. Some Chumashim count 3
         Other chumashim combine two of these Rashis
         (in various ways) making 2 Rashis. We even suggest
         an approach of combining all 3

The 3 Rashis on Nu10-02a deal with the rule of Grammar
mentioned several times by Rashi that
* a Verb with the added phrase FOR YOURSELF indicates
an activity that was done for PERSONAL use
EXAMPLE: SEND SPIES would indicate a direct command,
while SEND FOR YOURSELF SPIES indicates that you
should send spies IF YOU FEEL LIKE IT (Personal reasons)

The Rashis on the verses below all indicate how the
activity was personal.

Note that the statement that the activity was personal
does not have any specificity -- HOW was it personal?
Consequently each Rashi shows a reasonable but shrewd
guess on how the given activity was PERSONAL.

In fact one perspective of Rashi on Nu10-01 is that
Rashi simply gave 3 ways this activity could be personal.

We now present the LIST. Further details are in the
footnotes.

*1 BACKGROUND: The previous chapter Ex18 states how much Jethro
   admired Gods salvation of the Jews from Egypt. Hence if
   the verse states JETHRO RETURNED FOR PERSONAL REASONS
   TO HIS COUNTRY, Rashi conjectures that he probably
   went to convert his friends and family to Noachidic
   belief in God, and founded the SOCIETY OF FRIENDS
   OF JETHRO (Jud04-11)

*2 A simple approach to reading Rashi is as follows:
   The phrase MAKE FOR YOURSELF implies that there was
   SOMETHING PERSONAL about the making of the trumpets.
   So Rashi is careful NOT to take sides but simply to
   give 3 examples of WHAT could be PERSONAL about them.
   --------------------------------------------------------
   PERSONAL IN PURPOSE  Trumpets blasts honor Moses as King
   PERSONAL IN SOURCE   Trumpets were made from Moses funds
   PERSONAL IN USERS    Only Moses (no one else) could blow
   --------------------------------------------------------

   Thus these 3 Rashis should be read as one continuous
   Rashi containing 3 possibilities on  MAKE FOR YOURSELF.
   An examination of manuscripts shows that some Chumashim
   combine 2 of these Rashis into one. Thus our suggestion
   seems feasable.

   An alternative explanation is presented below.

Were the various holy objects made by PUBLIC or PRIVATE
funds? The LIST below shows a variety of verses discussing
production of holy objects. Some of these verses use
Singular while some use Plural.

There are then two points of view

VIEW 1:
------
* If the SINGULAR is used then the funding was PRIVATE
* If the PLURAL is used then the funding was PUBLIC

As to the production of the ark being in both SINGULAR
and PLURAL: We would simply say that this refers to the
two arks (one for the first tablets and one for the second

VIEW 2
------
* All temple objects were made from Public funds
* But God prefered Moses donation to the nations

The Sifrah/Sifray further explains that e.g. by the ark:
* When they did Gods will, God equally liked all funds
* When they sinned, God preferred Moses contributions

In a nutshell, the SINGULAR PLURAL represents
* REQUIRED funding according to VIEW 1(public vs private)
* PREFERRED funding according to VIEW 2(Moses vs nation)*1

*1 Rashi, as is his frequent custom, only cites the
   BEGINNING OF THE Sifray/Sifray which states
   -----------------------------------------------------
   MAKE FOR YOURSELF: Rashi:The word YOURSELF means that
   the funding was PRIVATE
   -----------------------------------------------------

   However the rest of the Sifrah/Sifray indicates the
   2 views we have mentioned

CROSS REFERENCE: http://RashiYomi.Com/ex18-27a.htm

RASHI RULE USED: GRAMMAR



#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc. 2001, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#

VERSE: Nu10-02d

RASHIS COVERED: Nu10-02d Nu10-02e

Nu10 uses a developmental structure
* Nu10 has a HEADER
-------------------
The opening verses speak about making trumpets in order to
--call the nation
--inform them that a new journey was about to take place


* The HEADER is followed by a more detailed section
---------------------------------------------------
-- One section describes HOW the trumpets were blasted
to call the nation/leaders to attention

-- Another section describes HOW the trumpets were blasted
to advise the nation that they were journeying

The use of a GENERAL-HEADER---DETAILED-SECTION style is
similar to a HEADLINE-STORY approach used in Newspapers.This
style is 1st explicitly mentioned by Rashi on Gn02-08a in
connection with Gn01 & Gn02 (Genesis 1 gives the HEADLINE
that MAN was created while Genesis-2 advises us of the
details). For details on the HEADER-STORY style see the

CROSS REFERENCE: http://www.RashiYomi.Com/example4.htm

The LIST below presents the HEADER and details.
Further comments are made in the footnotes *1, *2

*1 Another approach to these Rashis is the Rashi rule
   that the Bible indicates BULLETS using KEYWORDS. The
   purpose of bullets is to indicate a uniqueness to each
   bullet. Thus we read Nu10-02 as follows.
   -----------------------------------------------
   Make ..2 silver trumpets; let them be soldered
   and they shall be used by you
   *  FOR calling the nation
   * &FOR the travel of the camps
   -----------------------------------------------
   The two bullets emphasize 2 distinct purposes. Without
   the bullets I might have read the text as one connnected
   phrase---CALL THE NATION FOR PURPOSES OF TRAVEL.

   By using bullets Rashi reminds us that sometimes the
   nation was called for purposes of instruction such as
   in Nu20-08, Ex35-01, Lv08-03 etc.

*2 Rashi supplements his comments by compiling a LIST of 3
   methods of journeying. Three items could call the Jews
   to journey
   ------------------------------------------------------
   * Nu09-17 Gods cloud arising required them to journey
   * Nu10-06 The trumpet blasts required them to journey
   * Ex14-15 Moses could order them to journey
   ------------------------------------------------------
   Thus Nu10-02 is seen as indicating only one item that
   required them to journey.

RASHI RULE USED: EXAMPLE4


#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc. 2001, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#



          THE 6 RASHI RULE CLASSES(Version 3.2 Dec 15 2001)
                http://www.Rashiyomi.com/rules-01.htm
          Copyright Dec 2001, RashiYomi Inc. Dr Hendel President

========================================================
THE DICTIONARY RULE: Rashi can function as a dictionary.
                     He presents 2-6 meanings of words
         REFERENCE: http://www.RashiYomi.Com/words.htm
========================================================
* EXAMPLE 1: AL means ON. AL can also mean
      - WITH (Eat Passover WITH matzoh Ex12-09e)
      - IN   (Place the Matzoh IN the basket Ex29-03)
      - TO   (The boards shall be even from bottom TO top Ex26-24c)
      - NEAR (His borders will be NEAR Tzison Gn49-13b)
      - AFTER(Offer Peace offerings AFTER the daily Lv03-05a)

* EXAMPLE 2: KI means IF,PERHAPS,RATHER,BECAUSE,WHEN,THAT
   Gn18-15a Gn24-33a

* EXAMPLE 3: YDA means FAMILIAR, not KNOW (eg Dt34-10a)
	   eg Gn04-01 Adam was FAMILIAR with his wife

* EXAMPLE 4: ON THE FACE OF means DURING THE LIFETIME
            Nu03-04a Gn11-28a Ex20-03c Dt05-07a

===========================================================
THE GRAMMAR RULE: Rashi comments on RARE or SIMILAR usages
        REFERENCE:http://www.RashiYomi.Com/grammar.htm
===========================================================

* EXAMPLE 1: BA-ah means CAME;ba-AH means COMING(Gn46-26a)


* EXAMPLE 2:THE SENTENCE: 0.2% of Biblical sentences are 2verses
 -(Dt11-07:08) It was not your fathers who saw this;rather you

* EXAMPLE 3: Hitpael has different rules if 1st root letter is
   Tzade (USE: Ni-Tz-Ta-Dack not Ni-Th-Tza-Dack--Gn44-16a)

================================================================
THE CITATION RULE: Rashi enriches meaning by citing OTHER verses
         REFERENCE:http://www.RashiYomi.Com/other-20.htm
================================================================
* EXAMPLE 1: Dt26-05d We went down to Egypt with A FEW PEOPLE
	    ENRICHED by Gn46-27: We went down with 70 people

* EXAMPLE 2: Lv01-05a Non-priests may SLAUGHTER offerings
	    This law DERIVED from explicit statement in 2Chr30-17

* EXAMPLE 3:Why does Rashi say that Chur is Miriams son(Ex17-10b)
	    DERIVED from possible interpretation of 1-Chr18-19

* EXAMPLE 4: Gn35-22a Reuven Slept with Bilhah(Fathers concubine)
	    Gn49-04  Reuven PLAYED with fathers BEDS
        CONCLUSION: Reuven inteferred with fathers personal
	life(ruffled bedspreads); Bible condemns Reuven by
	exaggeration; he is accused of incest which he didnt do

=================================================================
THE 3 RABBI ISHMAEL RULES: They govern style(broad vs literal)
REFERENCE:http://www.RashiYomi.com/example1.htm thru example9.htm
=================================================================

* EXAMPLE 1: Simple sentences are always GENERALIZED
            ---------------------------------------
	    Dt25-04a Dont MUZZLE an OX while it is THRESHING
	    Rabbi Ishmael: Dont STOP any ANIMAL from eating
			   while DOING ITS WORK
					
* EXAMPLE 2: GENERAL-EXAMPLE style always interpreted LITERALLY
            --------------------------------------------------
 Nu05-12d (GENERAL) If a women DESECRATES her marriage
	   (EXAMPLE) and commits ADULTERY
	   Rabbi Ishmael: Nu05 only applies to ADULTERY.
	   It does not apply to other marriage DESECRATIONS
			
* EXAMPLE 3: GENERAL-EXAMPLE-GENERAL style intepreted SIMILARLY
            --------------------------------------------------
 Lv05-21b (GENERAL) If a man DENIES under oath
	  (EXAMPLE) ..denies a deposit,loan,theft,wages,lost item
	  (GENERAL) or ANY DENIAL which he denies
 RABBI ISHMAEL: These laws apply to any SIMILAR Example
 * The law applies to partnerships, movables and monetary objects
 * The law does not apply to real-estate or slander

=================================================================
THE CLIMAX RULE: The Bible should be interpreted in such a manner
                that it reflects CLIMACTIC development to a goal
             REFERENCE: http://www.RashiYomi.Com/example9.htm
=================================================================
 EXAMPLE 1: Dt19-11a If a man HATES, SPIES, CONFRONTS & KILLS
 RASHI: Bible identifies 4 stages to murder(Capped)

==============================================================
THE FORMATTING PRINCIPLE: Bible had its own method to mimic
                          bold, bullets, footnotes, paragraphs
==============================================================

* BOLD: Bible REPEATS words to obtain BOLD emphasis effect
          http://www.RashiYomi.Com/doubl-14.htm
  --------------------------------------------------------------
  EXAMPLE 1:(Ex12-09c) COOK COOK it in water (So COOKED is bold)
  INFERENCE: Prefered to COOK it in water;
         But COOK It at all costs(Even if you dont have water)

* BULLETS: Bible indicates bullets by REPEATING KEYWORDS
  --------------------------------------------------------
 Who am I
 - THAT I should go to Pharaoh
 - THAT I should take the Jews out of Egypt (Ex03-11a)
 --------------------------------------------------------
 RASHI: Repeated word THAT creates BULLET effect
 - Pharoh was a difficult king (Bullet one)
 - Jews were not yet ready for freedom (Bullet two)

* FOOTNOTES: The Bible indicates FOOTNOTES by ALMOST DUPLICATING
	     verses but making small minor changes
                http://www.RashiYomi.Com/align-58.htm
  ---------------------------------------------------------------
  EXAMPLE: Ex20-03a
  VERSE        PHRASE #1       PHRASE #2       PHRASE #3
  -------      ---------       ---------       ------------------
  Ex20-03      Dont            POSSESS  the gods of others
  Ex20-04      Dont            MAKE     idols

  RASHI: So both POSSESSion & MAKING of idols are prohibited
  ---------------------------------------------------------------

                           End of Rashi is Simple Digest

#*#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi, 2001 Inc. Dr. Hendel President #*#*#*#*#