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               (C) RashiYomi Incorporated, 2001
               Written by Dr Russell Jay Hendel

                     Volume 10 Number 16
                    Produced June 21, 2001

       WARNING: USE FIX WIDTH FONTS (eg COURIER (NEW) 10)



OVERVIEW OF HILIGHTS IN THIS ISSUE


`          Whats new and hot in this issue or on the web?
ITEMWHERE TO FIND IT
Professional version *1http://www.RashiYomi.Com/h10n16.htm
Rashi on the Parshahhttp://www.RashiYomi.Com/by-verse.htm
Meaning of SYMBOL/MEMORIALhttp://www.RashiYomi.Com/nu17-03e.htm
The METHOD OF OTHER VERSEShttp://www.RashiYomi.Com/nu32-41b.htm
COMMENTS

*1 Professional version has professionally made tables, use of
   bold, shading as well as inside-outside technology
   Professional version will be available SUNDAY


Rashis covered in this issue

VERSERULEBRIEF DESCRIPTION
==============================================================
Nu17-03eSYNONYMSZICARON = Memorial; AZCARAH = Reminder
Nu17-25bSYNONYMSZICARON = Memorial; AZCARAH = Reminder
Ex12-14aSYNONYMSZICARON = Memorial; AZCARAH = Reminder
Ex13-09bSYNONYMSZICARON = Memorial; AZCARAH = Reminder
Ex28-12aSYNONYMSZICARON = Memorial; AZCARAH = Reminder
Lv23-24aSYNONYMSZICARON = Memorial; AZCARAH = Reminder
Lv24-07cSYNONYMSZICARON = Memorial; AZCARAH = Reminder
Lv02-02gSYNONYMSZICARON = Memorial; AZCARAH = Reminder
Nu05-26aSYNONYMSZICARON = Memorial; AZCARAH = Reminder
Nu32-41bOTHER VERSESOther verses explain this verse
----------------------------------------------------------------


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MAP OF RASHI-IS-SIMPLE
ITEMDESCRIPTION
GOALS:Defend the 7800 Chumash Rashis
METHOD USED:Emphasis on LISTS -- Database methods
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COMMENTS,QUESTIONS:EMail your questions to address below
ANONYMITY:Granted on request
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JOURNAL REFERENCES:Pshat & Drash,TRADITION, 1980,R Hendel
NOTATION:Gn01-02a refers to Rashi A on Genesis 1:2
SPECIALS:on Parshah,Rambam,Pedagogy,Symbolism,Rmbn
RASHI-IS-SIMPLE RULESComplete set of rules on bottom
EMAIL:RJHendel@Juno.Com,
EMAIL:rashi-is-simple@shamash.org
WEB:http://www.RashiYomi.Com/


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VERSE: Nu32-41b


THE METHOD OF OTHER VERSES


In url http://www.RashiYomi.Com/other-20.htm we presented
the method of OTHER VERSES. In this method Rashi clarifies
the meaning of one verse, not by doing grammatical analysis,
but rather by citing another verse possibly in another book
of the Bible.

There are six basic techniques of Rashi in these
verses. Method 3 involves
--------------------------------------------------------
CLARIFYING WITH A SIMILAR VERSE WITH MORE DETAILS
--------------------------------------------------------

Here is a simple example:
* Nu36-08a speaks about A DAUGHTER WHO INHERITS
* Nu27-08 clarifies with details HOW this could happen
------------------------------------------------------
IF A PERSON HAS NO SON THEN HIS DAUGHTER INHERITS HIM
------------------------------------------------------

Similarly Nu32-41b says that YAIR CONQUERED SOME CITIES
AND CALLED THEM CHAVOTH YAIR.  Rashi clarifies this with
further details by bringing the genealogies listed in
1C07-14 and 1C02-21:23. From these verses we see that
the genealogies of MENASHEH end at YAIR, that is, he
had no children. So Rashi states that HE BUILT THE CITIES
AS A MEMORIAL TO HIMSELF SINCE HE HAD NO CHILDREN.

The following list presents similar examples. It gives
the VERSE, the TEXT OF THE VERSE, as well as THE OTHER
(VERSE) and the XTRA DETAILS of that other verse. The
EX column refers to the example number in the OTHER
series on the Daily Rashi calendar which can be found at
http://www.RashiYomi.Com/calendar.htm
EXVERSETEXT OF VERSETHE OTHERTHE XTRA DETAILS22Lv01-05aSlaughter Sacrifice2Chr30-17A Levite Can
43Ex17-10bChur1Ch2-18:19Kalevs son*1
44Ex35-30aChur1Ch2-18:19Kalevs son*1
45Ex24-14cChur1Ch2-18:19Kalevs son*1
1Dt26-05dA FEW Jews came to EgyptGn46-2770 people came*2
4Nu36-08aA daughter who inheritsNu27-08If no son
20Gn21-23bI treated you nicelyGn20-15I gave you land
23Dt33-09aDidnt know parentsEx32-25:28Killed Relatives
24Dt33-09bHe obeyed ordersEx32-27:28kill relatives*3
38Lv23-08aGive sacrifices to FiresNu28-19Give Oxen,....*4
39Dt25-13bDont have big stonesLv19-36Big stone weight
40Dt11-25aNo one will stand to youDt07-23:24No survivors*5
3Nu01-53aWatch temple so no angerNu16,17*6Korach rebellion
6Dt11-25eNo one will stand to youEx23-27Ill scare them
27Gn26-05ebecause ABRAHAM OBEYEDGn22-18*7He offered Isaac
46Lv10-03aRligious death snctifiesEx29-43*8Justice Emphasis
--Nu32-41bYAIR names cities YAIR1C02-21:23He had no child*
COMMENTS

*1 1Ch2-18:19 mentions explicitly that Chur was Kalevs son.
   1Ch2-18:19 also speaks about a man marrying somebody who
   gave birth to his wife! Rashi in Chronicles suggests the
   reasonable interpretation that the mother died on the
   operating table and the father named his new daughter
   after his deceased wife (Hence his wife gave birth >to
   his wife< since she had the same name).

   Chazal give a more homiletic interpretation that Kalev
   was married to Miryam who was considered dead since she
   was leprous. Since Kalev nursed her back to health and
   stayed with her he is considered as if he >RENEWED HER
   LIFE< and gave birth to her.

   Since Rashi on Chronicles contradicts Rashi on Chumash
   I assume he didnt fully accept the Midrash that Miryam
   was Churs mother. Nevertheless Rashi cited it to show
   the broad spectrum of interpretation (Rashi will sometimes
   cite one explanation and let teachers pave thru the other
   explanations). On the Chronicle verse there are 5
   alternative explanations.

   Be that as it may everyone agrees that the driving force
   behind Rashi is the OTHER VERSE.

*2 As mentioned earlier this type of example is the basis
   of the Passover Hagaddah. Cross referencing is the most
   basic type of research but nevertheless can be done by
   everybody. Such research would enable a proliferation of
   Torah scholars.

*3 The Malbim cites Ex32-27:28. Rashi cites Ex20-03. So Levi
   both listened to Gods will not to worship idols as well
   as to Moses order to kill relatives.

*4 This example properly belongs in te Rabbi Ishmael series
   on contradictory verses. In this case we resolve the
   two contradictory verses using the method of MODALITY.

   It is INITIALLY required to offer OXEN, LAMBS and GOATS
   as described in Nu28-19. However if you say only had
   OXEN then you shouldn't say >Since I cant bring all of
   them together I will not bring any of them<. Rather
   you should follow the law in Lv23-08 that says >OFFER
   TO THE FIRE< (In other words >OFFER WHATEVER YOU CAN<)

*5 The point here is that Dt07-23:24 is stated in a CLIMACTIC
   manner:
   --God will give you the >NATIONS<
   --God will give you their >KINGS<
   --You will erase their >NATIONAL NAME<
   --There will be >NO SURVIVORS<
   (The principle of CLIMAX demands that the last phrase be
   interpreted to refer to SURVIVORS even though it literally
   only says >No man will stand before you< which could have
   many meanings)

   Once we learn that >no man will stand before you< refers
   to >survivors< (because of the principle of CLIMAX) we
   then transfer that translation to Dt11-25a.

*6 Thus the Korach rebellion gives details on HOW ANGRY God
   would get if the Levites or Priests had their jobs inteferred
   with

*7 THe exact same phrase >Because Abraham obeyed my voiceI will sanctify myself with WEIGHT< while
   Lv10-03 says >I will sanctify myself with those CLOSE to me<
   The 2 verses and the incident that happened---that Aaron the
   High Priests sons died because they did something improper
   shows that God rules by Justice without favoritism to close
   ones. This makes people appreciate Gods honor and weight and
   respect him more

*9 -From 1C07-14 we see that MACHIR the father of GILAD came
    from MENASHEH.
   -From 1C02-21:23 we see that YAIR came from MACHIR.
   -From 1C02-21:23 we see that the Menasheh genealogies end
    at YAIR.

   Hence, Rashi concludes, YAIR had no children. So it is
   logical that he named the cities he conquered as CHAVOTH
   YAIR, after his own name, to serve as a rememberance
   after he dies.

   Thus we see that Rashi derived the extra details that
   Yair had no children from AN OTHER VERSE


RASHI RULE USED: OTHER VERSES

#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc. 2001, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#

VERSE: Nu17-03e


RASHIS COVERED: Ex12-14a  Ex13-09b  Ex28-12a  Lv23-24a
                Lv24-07c  Lv02-02g  Nu05-26a  Nu17-03e  Nu17-25b


ZIKARON/OTH means SYMBOLIC MEMORIAL;AZCARAH means REMINDER


There are several Biblical words used to denote SYMBOLS:
-------------------------------------------------------
--OTH which we translate as SYMBOL
--ZIKARON which we translate as MEMORIAL
--AZCARAH which we translate as REMINDER
-------------------------------------------------------

In the verses in the LIST below the word ZIKARON denotes
a MEMORIAL, a REMINDER with PERMANANCE.

By contrast AZCARAH refers to a REMINDER of an immediate
event without any connotation of PERMANANCE.

So REMINDER is used to remind of something that just
occured while MEMORIAL reminds of something in the
distant past.

Further details are given in footnote *1.
VERSEType of memorialWORD USEDWhy this word is used
Ex12-14aPassover memorialZIKRAON*2Permanant holiday
Ex13-09bTefillin MemorialZIKARON*2Permanance(Written down)
Ex28-12aPriestly MemorialZIKARON*2Reminds of ancestors
Lv23-24aShofar MemorialZIKARON*2Reminds of Akaidah
Lv24-07cHandful reminderAZCARAH*3Minchah Handful offered
Lv02-02gHandful reminderAZCARAH*3Minchah Handful offered
Nu05-26aHandful reminderAZCARAH*3Levana handful offer
Nu17-03eKorach rebellionOTH*4Symbol of rebellion
Nu17-25bAarons priesthoodOTH*4Symbol of Priest selection
COMMENTS

*1 Rashi treats the word OTH(SYMBOL) like MEMORIAL.

 Following Rav Hirsch I define a SYMBOL as
 ------------------------------------------------------
 An object or activity whose goal is to remind one
 of others objects or activities.
 ------------------------------------------------------
 See my Genesis 1 paper for a full discussion of
 symbols: http://www.RashiYomi.Com/gen-1.htm

 The difference between MEMORIAL and SYMBOL seems to
 be subtle. Since Rashi does not discuss it we do
 not discuss it either (Perhaps a MEMORIAL is
 a PERIODICALLY REPEATING SYMBOL)

 The methodology in the LIST above is MEANING BASED ON
 CONTEXT. An alternate approach based on Rashis
 delightful application of Rashis 2-letter semantic
 theory is presented afterwards

*2 Recall that MEMORIAL denotes a PERMANANT REMINDER OF
   NON-IMMEDIATE EVENTS while AZCARAH denotes a REMINDER
   OF IMMEDIATE EVENTS.

   In each case ZIKARON reminds of something non-immediate
   or else reminds with a sense of PERMANANCE. So we have
   in the above LIST that
   --PASSOVER did not just remind the Egyptian jews of
     the Exodus that just happened to them (an IMMEDIATE
     SYMBOL) - Rather the PASSOVER is a REMINDER for
     ALL GENERATIONS (Hence Rashi says on ZIKARON: For
     all generations).
   --The Tefillin are WRITTEN DOWN -- they commemorate
     the distant exodus. The writing down gives
     permanance to the symbol
   --The priestly garments had a Priestly breastplate
     with the names of all the tribes. This breastplate
     does not only remind (God) of the present and
     immediate tribes. In fact this breastplate
     reminds (God) of the tribes themselves(See
     Rashi) whose merit and good deeds protect
     the current tribes (Thus I would imagine
     that each Tribe ancestor had particular good
     deeds that protected their tribe -- Thus
     Reuven saved Joseph from murder, Shimon saved
     his sister from Rape, Levi also saved his
     sister from Rape, Judah also saved Joseph
     from murder etc).
   --Rashi explains that the Shofar is a MEMORIAL.
     It reminds us of the Ram in the binding of
     Isaac. Just as Isaac was about to die and
     was saved at the last moment so throughout
     history, the Shofar is symbolic of our being
     saved at the last minute through a Divine
     intervention.

*3 Recall that MEMORIAL denotes a PERMANANT REMINDER OF
   NON-IMMEDIATE EVENTS while AZCARAH denotes a REMINDER
   OF IMMEDIATE EVENTS.

   The word AZCARAH in these verses denotes a
   a REMINDER of an IMMEDIATE event. I would assume
   this an example of the Rabbi Ishmael rule of
   learning the meaning of a word by specificity
   in one verse: For Lv02-02g explicitly explains
   that the Priest dips his hand into the 2
   gallons of flour mingled with oil and offers
   that handful on the altar. Thus the HANDFUL
   becomes a REMINDER of the Minchah which is
   IMMEDIATELY being dealt with.

   We can then transfer this meaning to Nu05
   and Lv24 to infer that handfuls are also
   offered to God.(In Lv24 there was a
   handful of incense placed on the weekly
   showbreads. Since the Bible prohibits
   offering bread it makes sense that this
   INCENSE REMINDER would serve as a REMINDER
   on the altar the same way that the HANDFUL
   serves as a reminder)

   For a discussion of this Rabbi Ishmael method
   that justifies transference of specificity of
   meaning to other verses see
   http://www.RashiYomi.Com/lv09-07d.htm

*4 Recall from the surrounding Biblical chapter that
   each of the tribes submitted a branch overnight
   but only Aarons branch sprouted, thus symbolically
   confirming that God had chosen Aaron to be the
   High Priest. These branches then became a SYMBOL--
   objects that REMINDED one of ANOTHER EVENT -- of
   the prophetic proof that God selected Aaron over
   the other priests.

   Notice that the symbol not only reminded people
   of what had IMMEDIATELY JUST HAPPENED - NAMELY
   that Aaron was selected HIGH PRIEST. The SYMBOL
   was ALSO to remind the Jews FOR ALL GENERATIONS
   of this Priestly selection. Hence it is a SYMBOL
   not a MEMORIAL.





EXAMPLES OF WORDS WHERE NUN MEANS ALOT


The following LIST comes from the Daily rashi series. See URL
http://www.RashiYomi.Com/means-1.htm. In this list we show
that a terminal NUN letter denotes INTENSITY. As a simple
example the word LRIV denotes a FIGHT while YERIVUN denotes
a FIST FIGHT (See Ex21-18)

Hence if ZCR means to remember then ZICARON would mean
to REMEMER ALOT, i.e. A MEMORIAL

For further examples see the above URL. For a discussion
of Rashis 2-letter theory see footnote *1
#WORDENG MEANING=ALOT
(4)PaaMN(Bell Claver)=Alot of(Nun)(5)KoRBN(Sacrifice)=Intense(Nun)(6)ShlChaN(Table)=Alot(Nun)
(7)ZiChRN(Memorial)=Intense(Nun)(8)YERIVUN(Fist Fight)=Intense(Nun)COMMENTS

*1 Rashi believed that verbs were conjugated according to the
   rules governing 3-letter roots. However Rashi SUPPLEMENTED
   this belief with a 2-letter root theory which posits that
   the meaning of grammatical ROOTS can be derived from
   a breakdown of their 3 letters.



RASHI RULE USED: SYNONYMS


#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc. 2001, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#


          THE 6 RASHI RULE CLASSES(Version 3.2 Dec 15 2001)
                http://www.Rashiyomi.com/rules-01.htm
          Copyright Dec 2001, RashiYomi Inc. Dr Hendel President

========================================================
THE DICTIONARY RULE: Rashi can function as a dictionary.
                     He presents 2-6 meanings of words
         REFERENCE: http://www.RashiYomi.Com/words.htm
========================================================
* EXAMPLE 1: AL means ON. AL can also mean
      - WITH (Eat Passover WITH matzoh Ex12-09e)
      - IN   (Place the Matzoh IN the basket Ex29-03)
      - TO   (The boards shall be even from bottom TO top Ex26-24c)
      - NEAR (His borders will be NEAR Tzison Gn49-13b)
      - AFTER(Offer Peace offerings AFTER the daily Lv03-05a)

* EXAMPLE 2: KI means IF,PERHAPS,RATHER,BECAUSE,WHEN,THAT
   Gn18-15a Gn24-33a

* EXAMPLE 3: YDA means FAMILIAR, not KNOW (eg Dt34-10a)
	   eg Gn04-01 Adam was FAMILIAR with his wife

* EXAMPLE 4: ON THE FACE OF means DURING THE LIFETIME
            Nu03-04a Gn11-28a Ex20-03c Dt05-07a

===========================================================
THE GRAMMAR RULE: Rashi comments on RARE or SIMILAR usages
        REFERENCE:http://www.RashiYomi.Com/grammar.htm
===========================================================

* EXAMPLE 1: BA-ah means CAME;ba-AH means COMING(Gn46-26a)


* EXAMPLE 2:THE SENTENCE: 0.2% of Biblical sentences are 2verses
 -(Dt11-07:08) It was not your fathers who saw this;rather you

* EXAMPLE 3: Hitpael has different rules if 1st root letter is
   Tzade (USE: Ni-Tz-Ta-Dack not Ni-Th-Tza-Dack--Gn44-16a)

================================================================
THE CITATION RULE: Rashi enriches meaning by citing OTHER verses
         REFERENCE:http://www.RashiYomi.Com/other-20.htm
================================================================
* EXAMPLE 1: Dt26-05d We went down to Egypt with A FEW PEOPLE
	    ENRICHED by Gn46-27: We went down with 70 people

* EXAMPLE 2: Lv01-05a Non-priests may SLAUGHTER offerings
	    This law DERIVED from explicit statement in 2Chr30-17

* EXAMPLE 3:Why does Rashi say that Chur is Miriams son(Ex17-10b)
	    DERIVED from possible interpretation of 1-Chr18-19

* EXAMPLE 4: Gn35-22a Reuven Slept with Bilhah(Fathers concubine)
	    Gn49-04  Reuven PLAYED with fathers BEDS
        CONCLUSION: Reuven inteferred with fathers personal
	life(ruffled bedspreads); Bible condemns Reuven by
	exaggeration; he is accused of incest which he didnt do

=================================================================
THE 3 RABBI ISHMAEL RULES: They govern style(broad vs literal)
REFERENCE:http://www.RashiYomi.com/example1.htm thru example9.htm
=================================================================

* EXAMPLE 1: Simple sentences are always GENERALIZED
            ---------------------------------------
	    Dt25-04a Dont MUZZLE an OX while it is THRESHING
	    Rabbi Ishmael: Dont STOP any ANIMAL from eating
			   while DOING ITS WORK
					
* EXAMPLE 2: GENERAL-EXAMPLE style always interpreted LITERALLY
            --------------------------------------------------
 Nu05-12d (GENERAL) If a women DESECRATES her marriage
	   (EXAMPLE) and commits ADULTERY
	   Rabbi Ishmael: Nu05 only applies to ADULTERY.
	   It does not apply to other marriage DESECRATIONS
			
* EXAMPLE 3: GENERAL-EXAMPLE-GENERAL style intepreted SIMILARLY
            --------------------------------------------------
 Lv05-21b (GENERAL) If a man DENIES under oath
	  (EXAMPLE) ..denies a deposit,loan,theft,wages,lost item
	  (GENERAL) or ANY DENIAL which he denies
 RABBI ISHMAEL: These laws apply to any SIMILAR Example
 * The law applies to partnerships, movables and monetary objects
 * The law does not apply to real-estate or slander

=================================================================
THE CLIMAX RULE: The Bible should be interpreted in such a manner
                that it reflects CLIMACTIC development to a goal
             REFERENCE: http://www.RashiYomi.Com/example9.htm
=================================================================
 EXAMPLE 1: Dt19-11a If a man HATES, SPIES, CONFRONTS & KILLS
 RASHI: Bible identifies 4 stages to murder(Capped)

==============================================================
THE FORMATTING PRINCIPLE: Bible had its own method to mimic
                          bold, bullets, footnotes, paragraphs
==============================================================

* BOLD: Bible REPEATS words to obtain BOLD emphasis effect
          http://www.RashiYomi.Com/doubl-14.htm
  --------------------------------------------------------------
  EXAMPLE 1:(Ex12-09c) COOK COOK it in water (So COOKED is bold)
  INFERENCE: Prefered to COOK it in water;
         But COOK It at all costs(Even if you dont have water)

* BULLETS: Bible indicates bullets by REPEATING KEYWORDS
  --------------------------------------------------------
 Who am I
 - THAT I should go to Pharaoh
 - THAT I should take the Jews out of Egypt (Ex03-11a)
 --------------------------------------------------------
 RASHI: Repeated word THAT creates BULLET effect
 - Pharoh was a difficult king (Bullet one)
 - Jews were not yet ready for freedom (Bullet two)

* FOOTNOTES: The Bible indicates FOOTNOTES by ALMOST DUPLICATING
	     verses but making small minor changes
                http://www.RashiYomi.Com/align-58.htm
  ---------------------------------------------------------------
  EXAMPLE: Ex20-03a
  VERSE        PHRASE #1       PHRASE #2       PHRASE #3
  -------      ---------       ---------       ------------------
  Ex20-03      Dont            POSSESS  the gods of others
  Ex20-04      Dont            MAKE     idols

  RASHI: So both POSSESSion & MAKING of idols are prohibited
  ---------------------------------------------------------------

                           End of Rashi is Simple Digest
#*#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi, 2001 Inc. Dr. Hendel President #*#*#*#*#
t> (NUN)Hammerin ze=2>Closeness left out (on it ze=2>MemoryDispute 2><