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               (C) RashiYomi Incorporated, 2001
               Written by Dr Russell Jay Hendel

                     Volume 10 Number 22
                    Produced July 12th, 2001

       WARNING: USE FIX WIDTH FONTS (eg COURIER (NEW) 10)

`          Whats new and hot in this issue or on the web?

*1 Professional version has professionally made tables, use of
   bold, shading as well as inside-outside technology
   Professional version will be available SUNDAY

*9 Also see the following URL for Rashi texts in English
   ---------------------------------------------------
   http://aish.com/literacy/reference/
   Search_the_Chumash_with_Rashi_-_in_English.asp]
   ---------------------------------------------------

#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc. 2001, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#

#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc. 2001, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#

VERSE: v9-7-12a

FROM: Yossi Zoimen
DATE: July 7th 2001
RE:   Nu16-22

In a recent issue I asked about the sentence
-----------------------------------------------------
One person sins; but You, God, get angry at everybody
-----------------------------------------------------


I suggested that Rashis interpretation was that
the first sentence was DECLARATIVE
  ------------------------
  (Only) One person sinned
  ------------------------
while the second sentence was INTERROGATIVE
  ----------------------------------------------------
  Will You God then be angry at the whole congregation
  ----------------------------------------------------

Thus Rashi corrected a false impression that both sentences
were interrogative That is Rashi negated the translation
--------------------------------------------------------
If ONE person sinned will You be angry at everybody
--------------------------------------------------------

While you accepted this interpretation (one declarative
and one interrogative) nevertheless you responded by
suggesting 3 types of Hays

-----------------------------
HAY means------ THE
HAY indicates a QUESTION
HAY is an------ EXTRA LETTER
----------------------------

You then proceded to explain the HAY in this verse
as coming from an extra letter.

You interpreted the HEY this way because of the grammatical
assumption that if HAY meant THE then BOTH the NOUN and
ADJECTIVE would have to receive a HAY. That is you assumed
that if the HAY meant THE then it would have to say
----------------
HAIsh HAEchad
----------------

But the Radack in his grammar book after the first big section
on verbs, at the begining of the section on the usage of prefix
letters, explicitly states that while the usual rule is that
BOTH the noun and adjective receive a HAY, nevertheless there
are many verses where only one of them receives a HAY.

Thus it is not necessary to interpret they HAY as extra.

Yossi Zoimen;

ANSWER:
=======
Yossi, you are absolutely correct. The Hay is not extra.

We already are in agreement that Rashis primary function
is to interpret the verse as having two sentences, one
declarative and one interrogative.

But based on the Radack I now have 5 meanings of HAY.
This is based on the Radacks own examples. Read
http://www.RashiYomi.com/gn19-09b in this issue, Volume
19 Number 22 for an exciting discovery of a new grammatical
rule.

#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc. 2001, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#

VERSE: v9-7-12b

FROM: Russell Hendel, RashiYomi
TO:   Rashi-is-Simple
DATE: July 12th 2001
RE:   Rabbi Dr. Boncheck was correct on Gn42-27a

In a recent issue, Volume 9 Number 19, located at
http://www.RashiYomi.Com/h9n19.htm I explained the
verse Gn42-27a in the posting
http://www.RashiYomi.Com/dt07-07b.htm

This verse states
------------------------------------------------------------
& THE one opened his sack in the inn & discovered his money
------------------------------------------------------------

Rashi states
--------------------------
The ONE refers to Levi
--------------------------

Rabbi Boncheck when he visited Shomrey Emunah suggested that
Rashi inferred this because Joseph sequentially dealt with
all leadership in the family (Except Reuven who tried to
protect Joseph): Thus Joseph imprisoned Shimon, and took
Binyamin who was under Judahs aegis. Similarly argues Rabbi
Boncheck Joseph planted money in Levis sack since he was
next in line after Shimon.

In the above postings I supplemented Rabbi Bonchecks remarks
by asserting that the Biblical phrase THE ONE means the
DISTINGUISHED person (i.e. Levi who was a leader).

However as I shall show below the HEY in the above verse
should NOT be translated as THE. Consequently a different
defense of Rashi is needed which is close to Rabbi
Bonchecks(We still dont agree 100%). But the main purpose
here is to retract the idea that THE ONE should be translated
as THE DISTINGUISHED ONE.

Read http://www.Rashiyomi.Com/gn19-09b.htm in this issue
Volume 10 Number 22 for an exciting tour of new grammatical
vistas

Finally in passing while Rabbi Boncheck was here I told
him what I answer people when they ask me for the difference
between me and him
---------------------------------------------------
I run an email group so it is easy to retract
I simply post a correction.
By contrast Rabbi Boncheck writes books and therefore
it is harder to undo wrong statements
----------------------------------------------------

Rabbi Boncheck liked this distinction. So I will follow
my own advice and correct the previous postings.

Russell Hendel; RashiYomi

#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc. 2001, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#

VERSE: v9-7-12c

FROM: Anonymous (From Chevruta)
To:   "Russell J Hendel" 
Date: Tue, 10 Jul 2001 13:05:16 -0400

I meant to write to you before, just did not get a chance.

I think this is a tremendous project.
I read every posting with a great
interest.  I like the analytical style and
the fundamental approach.

As fas as the feedback:


Problem 1:
=========
I find the writing style somewhat cumbersome.
It's very terse, like the Rashi itself.

Solution 1:
==========
I found that the style needs a few sessions
to get used to - sort of like a new and not
yet tested technology.


Problem 2:
=========
It is basically impossible to get any
reasonable benefit from posting
w/o having all the sources handy.


Solution 2:
==========
In the beginning of the posting include the
list of the sources
(Pasuk # and Rashi in question).  Better yet -
an ASCII file with text of
sources that can be read in MS WORD or
WORDPAD (found in Start/Acessories) with
standard hebrew fonts.


[MY RESPONSE: I will begin posting the English Rashi
websites such as

* http://www.mnemotrix.com/metsudah/


* http://aish.com/literacy/reference/
  Search_the_Chumash_with_Rashi_-_in_English.asp]


Anonymous mailed me again and
added some more thoughts:

Thank you for your responce and please
understand that I ave no intention to
critisize this in any way
(email communication can be misleading).

Some more questions about the style:

SUGGESTION 1.
=============
What are the lower-case letters next to pasuk number
   i.e.  gn15-05a?

[RESPONSE: Gn15-05a means Rashi "a" on Genesis, Chapter 15
Verse 5. e.g. if there are 5 Rashis on a verse we call the
first Rashi number "a", the second Rashi number "b" etc]


SUGGESTION 2.
=============
I would not mind general introduction of how Database
method works, and then explanantion.


SUGGESTION 3
============
In general, what I like so much about your postings,
is the attempt to strictly classify Rashis according
to a limited set of rules.  In this case you need to
---name a rule,
---explain its mechanics and
---then illustrate.

SUGGESTION 4:
=============
The verses you quote in support of the interpretation -
are there Rashis there that state similar
interpretations?


Again, Thank you very much for your tremendous work.

Anonymous (From Chevruta@Shamash.Org)

[RESPONSE:
Excellent ideas. I shall begin to incorporate them
Russell Hendel RashiYomi

#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc. 2001, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#

VERSE: Nu28-05a

RASHIS COVERED: Nu28-05a Nu28-07a Nu28-07b Nu28-07c
                Nu28-12a

Both Nu28-05:12 and Nu15-04:07 mention certain FLOUR-OIL
offerings called the MINCHAHS of the OFFERING.

We use here the Rashi rule of ALIGNMENT where we take two
chapters and align them word by word. As we align the
chapters we expose ourselves to minute differences in
phrases.

The alignment of the two chapters is performed in the
the tables below which uncovers 11 differences. Some
of these differences are commented by Rashi while the
explanation of other differences remains unknown.

Here is a brief summary based on the footnotes
----------------------------------------------------------
#1 Notice how OFFERING FLOUR is mentioned in Nu15-04 while
LIBATING WINE is mentioned in Nu28. Hence we infer that
the flour is OFFERED while the WINE is POURED on the
altar

On Nu28-05a as well as Nu28-12a Rashi explicitly
explains that he is comparing the two chapters.
On Nu28-07b Rashi explains that WINE is LIBATED
in contrast to FLOUR which is OFFERED.

#2 Footnote #2 occurs three times and exposes differences
in measurements. As can be seen the alignment of the
two chapters clarifies that the
--the unspecified word TENTH in Nu28-05 refers to a
tenth of an Eyphah (Nu15-04).
--the unspecified word OIL in Nu28-12 links to
half a hin of oil in Nu15-09
--the unspecified word LIBATION in Nu28-07 refers to
WINE libations in Nu15-05

Thus on Nu28-07a Rashi simply says on the Biblical
word LIBATION, WINE thereby completing the cross
reference to Nu15.

#3,#4,#5,#6,#7,#8
I dont know of a reason for these differences.
For example why does Nu28-05 speak about ONE tenth while
Nu15-04 speaks about A tenth. Similarly why is the
order reversed in Nu28-12 vs Nu15-09: A MINCHAH of
FLOUR vs a A FLOUR MINCHAH.

For convenience we gather all explanations in this
introduction and will refer to it from the footnotes
below.

*1 See introduction to all tables
*2 See introduction to all tables
*3 see introduction to all tables
*4 see introduction to all tables

See introduction to all tables above

*2 See introduction to all tables
*5 See introduction to all tables
*6 See introduction to all tables

See introduction to all tables above

*1 See introduction to all tables
   On the repeating phrase
   ---------------------------------
   LIBATE INTOXICATING LIBATIONS
   ---------------------------------
   Rashi explains that the wine should be POTENTIALLY
   INTOXICATING wine and not e.g. freshly pressed grapes
   which have not yet fermented that much(Nu28-07c) This
   again can be seen as relying on alignment:
   --------------------------------------------
   Nu28-07 uses the word INTOXICATING
   Nu15-05 uses the word WINE
   --------------------------------------------
   These two words complement each other and we demand
   wine PROVIDED it is potentially INTOXICATING.

See introduction to all tables above

*1 See introduction to all tables
*7 See introduction to all tables
*8 See introduction to all tables

See introduction to all tables above

*2 See introduction to all tables

RASHI RULE USED: DOUBLE PARSHAS

#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc. 2001, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#

VERSE: Nu29-11a

RASHIS COVERED: Nu29-06a Nu29-11a Nu29-11b

Rashi here uses the rule of FILL IN.

This rule simply means that Rashi fills in the text with words
to make the text flow. As we review the texts below we see that
---Rashi repeats a connective word BESIDES, thus smoothing
out the text
---Similarly Rashi explains why the NEW-MONTH offering should
coincide with the NEW YEAR offering--(because the New Year
Begins on the 1st of the month)
---Finally the possibly confusing passage THE YOM KIPPUR
OFFERING BESIDES THE YOM KIPPUR SIN OFFERING is clarified
by referring to Lv16 where a whole other set of offerings
for Yom Kippur is mentioned

Again Rashis goal here is simply to smooth out the text
and make it flow more smoothly.

RASHI RULE USED: FILIN

#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc. 2001, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#

VERSE: Gn19-09b

RASHIS COVERED: Gn19-09b Gn42-27a Nu16-22b

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
===============
To Yossi Zoimen who pointed out to me the Radack on the
letter HEY. This led me to formulate a new grammar rule.
This new grammar rule helps me correct previous explanations
posted at the following urls: The Rashi on Gn42-27a in
--------------------------------------------
http://www.RashiYomi.Com/h9n19.htm
http://www.RashiYomi.Com/dt07-07b.htm
--------------------------------------------
as well as Nu16-22b in
--------------------------------------------
http://www.RashiYomi.Com/nu16-22b.htm
http://www.RashiYomi.Com/h10n19.htm
--------------------------------------------
Thus I will correct erroneous statements made to Yossi and
Rabbi Boncheck.

We use here the Rashi rule of GRAMMAR.

RADACK wrote a Grammar book. The first part deals with the
conjugations of verbs in all modes. The second part begins
with the usage of Hebrew prefix letters.

Based on the examples the Radack presents we infer 3 meanings
of the letter Hey as prefix
------------------------------------------------------
THE          - Points to a SPECIFIC object
A / SOMEONE  - Points to ANY object
ONE OF THESE - Points to a SPECIFIC group, ANY member
------------------------------------------------------

Corresponding to these 3 MEANINGS we have 3 USAGES of HEY
---------------------------------------------------------
The word THE ONE means someone (as can be seen in the list below)

A special use of HEY occurs when there is a NOUN-ADJECTIVE pair.
----------------------------------------------------------------
-If HEY is placed before BOTH the noun & adjective it means THE
For example Gn01-16 THE TWO GREAT LIGHTS (SUN & MOON). In this
case HEY means THE because we point to one set

-If HEY is placed before the NOUN but not before the adjective
it means ONE OF THESE. That is we refer to a SPECIFIC GROUP
but chose A RANDOM MEMBER OF THAT GROUP The simplest example
occurs in Gn19-33
----------------------------------------------------------
and they gave their father wine to get drunk by. On ONE OF
THESE NIGHTS (BALaylah HU vs BALaylah HHu) when he got
drunk the eldest daughter came and slept with him
----------------------------------------------------------
This reads better than the translation ON THAT NIGHT SHE SLEPT
WITH HIM. Indeed, one doesnt commit incense from one bout
of drunkedenss! But over a prolonged period one may let
down their defenses.
--------------------------------------------------------------

Using this grammar rule from Radack we now present a LIST
with two parts: One part uses the phrase THE ONE meaning
SOMEONE while the other LIST uses NOUN-ADJECTIVE pairs
and is translated as ONE OF THESE. This rule
from Radack will enable us to understand 3 Rashis

*1 This Rashi is also supported by the word TO LIVE (GUR) since
   GUR has a connotation of a non-citizen. However the emphasis
   should equally be SOMEONE CAME TO LIVE HERE AND NOW WANTS
   TO JUDGE US

*2 The verse literally says SOMEONE OPENED HIS SACK AND FOUND
   his MONEY. The question remains why Rashi identified this
   someone with LEVI!!!

   I follow Rabbi Bonchecks approach which I previously
   disagreed with. Rashi focuses on the fact that LEVI
   discovered his money now while the other brothers
   discovered their money when they got home (Gn42-35).

   The simplest suggestion is that
   --Based on Gn34 Shimon and Levi always hung out together
   --But Shimon had been imprisoned by Joseph
   --So when they returned Levi took both his donkey as well
     as Shimons donkey. Consequently Levi was feeding two
   donkeys while the other brotheres were feeding one
   donkey. Hence Levi discovered the hidden money in his
   sack first.(Rabbi Boncheck gave a different explanation)

   In summary Rashi was not making a grammatical point but
   was rather responding to the situation

*3
*4 I think the concept of ONE OF THESE is clear in these
   examples. You dont commit incest from one bout of
   drunkedness. So it was on ONE OF THESE NIGHTS (vs
   on THAT NIGHT (when the drinking started)) that the
   incest happened. Similarly Jeremiah speaks about
   two baskets of figs -- so ONE of THESE had good figs
   while the other had bad figs

*5 There were 250 people in the Korach rebellion. Moses
   suspected that there was an instigator and the others
   followed. Hence his statement in Nu16-22:
   ----------------------------------------------
   ONLY one of these 250 PEOPLE INSTIGATED. WILL YOU
   THEN TAKE IT OUT ON THE WHOLE COMMUNITY
   ----------------------------------------------

RASHI RULE USED: GRAMMAR

#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc. 2001, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#




          THE 6 RASHI RULE CLASSES(Version 3.2 Dec 15 2001)
                http://www.Rashiyomi.com/rules-01.htm
          Copyright Dec 2001, RashiYomi Inc. Dr Hendel President

========================================================
THE DICTIONARY RULE: Rashi can function as a dictionary.
                     He presents 2-6 meanings of words
         REFERENCE: http://www.RashiYomi.Com/words.htm
========================================================
* EXAMPLE 1: AL means ON. AL can also mean
      - WITH (Eat Passover WITH matzoh Ex12-09e)
      - IN   (Place the Matzoh IN the basket Ex29-03)
      - TO   (The boards shall be even from bottom TO top Ex26-24c)
      - NEAR (His borders will be NEAR Tzison Gn49-13b)
      - AFTER(Offer Peace offerings AFTER the daily Lv03-05a)

* EXAMPLE 2: KI means IF,PERHAPS,RATHER,BECAUSE,WHEN,THAT
   Gn18-15a Gn24-33a

* EXAMPLE 3: YDA means FAMILIAR, not KNOW (eg Dt34-10a)
	   eg Gn04-01 Adam was FAMILIAR with his wife

* EXAMPLE 4: ON THE FACE OF means DURING THE LIFETIME
            Nu03-04a Gn11-28a Ex20-03c Dt05-07a

===========================================================
THE GRAMMAR RULE: Rashi comments on RARE or SIMILAR usages
        REFERENCE:http://www.RashiYomi.Com/grammar.htm
===========================================================

* EXAMPLE 1: BA-ah means CAME;ba-AH means COMING(Gn46-26a)


* EXAMPLE 2:THE SENTENCE: 0.2% of Biblical sentences are 2verses
 -(Dt11-07:08) It was not your fathers who saw this;rather you

* EXAMPLE 3: Hitpael has different rules if 1st root letter is
   Tzade (USE: Ni-Tz-Ta-Dack not Ni-Th-Tza-Dack--Gn44-16a)

================================================================
THE CITATION RULE: Rashi enriches meaning by citing OTHER verses
         REFERENCE:http://www.RashiYomi.Com/other-20.htm
================================================================
* EXAMPLE 1: Dt26-05d We went down to Egypt with A FEW PEOPLE
	    ENRICHED by Gn46-27: We went down with 70 people

* EXAMPLE 2: Lv01-05a Non-priests may SLAUGHTER offerings
	    This law DERIVED from explicit statement in 2Chr30-17

* EXAMPLE 3:Why does Rashi say that Chur is Miriams son(Ex17-10b)
	    DERIVED from possible interpretation of 1-Chr18-19

* EXAMPLE 4: Gn35-22a Reuven Slept with Bilhah(Fathers concubine)
	    Gn49-04  Reuven PLAYED with fathers BEDS
        CONCLUSION: Reuven inteferred with fathers personal
	life(ruffled bedspreads); Bible condemns Reuven by
	exaggeration; he is accused of incest which he didnt do

=================================================================
THE 3 RABBI ISHMAEL RULES: They govern style(broad vs literal)
REFERENCE:http://www.RashiYomi.com/example1.htm thru example9.htm
=================================================================

* EXAMPLE 1: Simple sentences are always GENERALIZED
            ---------------------------------------
	    Dt25-04a Dont MUZZLE an OX while it is THRESHING
	    Rabbi Ishmael: Dont STOP any ANIMAL from eating
			   while DOING ITS WORK
					
* EXAMPLE 2: GENERAL-EXAMPLE style always interpreted LITERALLY
            --------------------------------------------------
 Nu05-12d (GENERAL) If a women DESECRATES her marriage
	   (EXAMPLE) and commits ADULTERY
	   Rabbi Ishmael: Nu05 only applies to ADULTERY.
	   It does not apply to other marriage DESECRATIONS
			
* EXAMPLE 3: GENERAL-EXAMPLE-GENERAL style intepreted SIMILARLY
            --------------------------------------------------
 Lv05-21b (GENERAL) If a man DENIES under oath
	  (EXAMPLE) ..denies a deposit,loan,theft,wages,lost item
	  (GENERAL) or ANY DENIAL which he denies
 RABBI ISHMAEL: These laws apply to any SIMILAR Example
 * The law applies to partnerships, movables and monetary objects
 * The law does not apply to real-estate or slander

=================================================================
THE CLIMAX RULE: The Bible should be interpreted in such a manner
                that it reflects CLIMACTIC development to a goal
             REFERENCE: http://www.RashiYomi.Com/example9.htm
=================================================================
 EXAMPLE 1: Dt19-11a If a man HATES, SPIES, CONFRONTS & KILLS
 RASHI: Bible identifies 4 stages to murder(Capped)

==============================================================
THE FORMATTING PRINCIPLE: Bible had its own method to mimic
                          bold, bullets, footnotes, paragraphs
==============================================================

* BOLD: Bible REPEATS words to obtain BOLD emphasis effect
          http://www.RashiYomi.Com/doubl-14.htm
  --------------------------------------------------------------
  EXAMPLE 1:(Ex12-09c) COOK COOK it in water (So COOKED is bold)
  INFERENCE: Prefered to COOK it in water;
         But COOK It at all costs(Even if you dont have water)

* BULLETS: Bible indicates bullets by REPEATING KEYWORDS
  --------------------------------------------------------
 Who am I
 - THAT I should go to Pharaoh
 - THAT I should take the Jews out of Egypt (Ex03-11a)
 --------------------------------------------------------
 RASHI: Repeated word THAT creates BULLET effect
 - Pharoh was a difficult king (Bullet one)
 - Jews were not yet ready for freedom (Bullet two)

* FOOTNOTES: The Bible indicates FOOTNOTES by ALMOST DUPLICATING
	     verses but making small minor changes
                http://www.RashiYomi.Com/align-58.htm
  ---------------------------------------------------------------
  EXAMPLE: Ex20-03a
  VERSE        PHRASE #1       PHRASE #2       PHRASE #3
  -------      ---------       ---------       ------------------
  Ex20-03      Dont            POSSESS  the gods of others
  Ex20-04      Dont            MAKE     idols

  RASHI: So both POSSESSion & MAKING of idols are prohibited
  ---------------------------------------------------------------

                           End of Rashi is Simple Digest

#*#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi, 2001 Inc. Dr. Hendel President #*#*#*#*#