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               (C) RashiYomi Incorporated, 2001
               Written by Dr Russell Jay Hendel

                     Volume 11 Number 16
                    Produced September 16th, 2001

       WARNING: USE FIX WIDTH FONTS (eg COURIER (NEW) 10)





HAPPY NEW YEAR RASHI IS SIMPLE


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OVERVIEW OF HILIGHTS IN THIS ISSUE


`          SUMMARY OF THIS ISSUE: Whats new and hot?
ITEMWHERE TO FIND IT
NEW Essay on Hereafter NEWhttp://www.RashiYomi.Com/olamhaba.htm
NEW Essay on Hereafter NEWhttp://www.RashiYomi.Com/olamhaba.htm
NEW Essay on Hereafter NEWhttp://www.RashiYomi.Com/olamhaba.htm
Rashis on PARSHAHhttp://www.RashiYomi.Com/by-verse.htm
Akaydah: Test of Prophecyhttp://www.RashiYomi.Com/gn22-02d.htm
What does HINENI meanhttp://www.RashiYomi.Com/gn22-01b.htm
Professional version*8http://www.RashiYomi.Com/h11n16.htm
Rashi Text in English*9http://www.mnemotrix.com/metsudah/
COMMENTS

*8 A professional HTML version with WORD quality may be
   found on the web. Web version available tonight

*9 Also see the following URL for Rashi texts in English
   ---------------------------------------------------
   http://aish.com/literacy/reference/
   Search_the_Chumash_with_Rashi_-_in_English.asp
   ---------------------------------------------------



Rashis covered in this issue
VERSERULEBRIEF DESCRIPTION
==============================================================
Gn22-02dOVERALL STRUCTRThe Akaydah was a test of Prophecy
Gn22-02eOVERALL STRUCTRThe Akaydah was a test of Prophecy
Gn22-04aOVERALL STRUCTRThe Akaydah was a test of Prophecy
Gn22-04bOVERALL STRUCTRThe Akaydah was a test of Prophecy
Gn22-12bOVERALL STRUCTRThe Akaydah was a test of Prophecy
Gn22-01bUNIFIED MEANINGHINAYNI=I AM PREPARED FOR ALL YOU WANT
Gn06-17aUNIFIED MEANINGHINAYNI=I AM PREPARED FOR ALL YOU WANT
Gn09-09aUNIFIED MEANINGHINAYNI=I AM PREPARED FOR ALL YOU WANT
Gn37-17aUNIFIED MEANINGHINAYNI=I AM PREPARED FOR ALL YOU WANT
----------------------------------------------------------------

#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc. 2001, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#

MAP OF RASHI-IS-SIMPLE =========================
ITEMDESCRIPTION
GOALS:Defend the 7800 Chumash Rashis
METHOD USED:Emphasis on LISTS -- Database methods
INTENDED AUDIENCE:Laymen, Academicians, Yeshiva world
COMMENTS,QUESTIONS:EMail your questions to address below
ANONYMITY:Granted on request
TO (UN)SUBSCRIBE:Email addresses below with (UN)SUBSCRIBE
JOURNAL REFERENCES:Pshat & Drash,TRADITION, 1980,R Hendel
NOTATION:Gn01-02a refers to Rashi A on Genesis 1:2
SPECIALS:on Parshah,Rambam,Pedagogy,Symbolism,Rmbn
RASHI-IS-SIMPLE RULESComplete set of rules on bottom
EMAIL:RJHendel@Juno.Com,
EMAIL:rashi-is-simple@shamash.org
WEB:http://www.RashiYomi.Com/


#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2001, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#

VERSE: Gn22-02d

RASHIS COVERED: Gn22-02d Gn22-02e Gn22-04a Gn22-04b Gn22-12b

THE AKAYDAH was a test of PROPHECY


REFERENCE
---------
Some of the ideas in this posting first appeared in the email
group Bais Medrash, Volume 2 Number 44 February 12 2001, by
Russell Hendel (Myself) These ideas are furhter developed here

BACKGROUND
----------
We have seen on numerous occasions that Prophecy and Jewish
law frequently is not done in one clear statement but rather
develops thru a sequence of stages and even contradictions.
The simplest example are the two statements that slaves on
the one hand WORK FOREVER (Ex21-06) while on the other hand
GO FREE IN THE JUBILEE (eg Lv25-34). The simultaneity of these
2 verses necessitates REINTERPRETING the word FOREVER as meaning
JUBILLEE!!!

REFERENCE
---------
We have fully discussed the vehicle of contradictory verses
to present an idea in http://www.RashiYomi.Com/ri-14.htm In
fact this is one of Rabbi Ishmaels style rules.

THE TEXT
--------
Gn22-02 says MAKE ISAAC AN OLAH (SACRIFICE) while in Gn22-11
it says DONT TOUCH ISAAC. (Thus we have contradictory verses)

THE RASHI
---------
Rashi looks at the SACRIFICE OF ISAAC as a TEST IN RECEIVING
PROPHECY which requires a dynamic interaction with G-d thru a
series of STAGES with full and correct understanding not
necessarily happening till the end.

THE LIST
--------
The LIST presents five Rashis supporting the thesis that the
sacrifice of Isaac was, not a test in losing Isaac, but rather,
a test in receiving prophecy. In the LIST below we present
the TEXT OF VERSE and how this supports RASHIS PROPHECY THESIS
The footnotes furter clarify
VERSESTEXT OF VERSERASHIS PROPHECY THESIS
Gn22-02draise him for an OLAH offering*1Contradicted in Gn22-11
Gn22-02eOn a mountain Ill SHOW you*2Clarified in Gn22-04
Gn22-04aAbe saw mountain on 3rd day*2Time delay
Gn22-04bAbraham saw mountain*2Saw thru prophecy
Gn22-12bNow I know you fear God*3Received contradictions
COMMENTS

*1 - Gn22-02 says -- RAISE HIM FOR AN OLAH OFFERING
   - Gn22-04 says -- DONT TOUCH HIM

   The resolution of the contradiction is that Abraham was
   only required to bind Isaac but not kill him Thus Abraham
   was tested if he could receive prophecy using the method
   of contradictory statements

*2 -- Gn22-02e says -- OFFER ISAAC ON MOUNTAIN ILL SHOW YOU
   -- Gn22-04a says -- ABRAHAM SAW THE MOUNTAIN ON 3rd DAY
   -- Gn22-04b says -- ABE KNEW BY PROPHECY THIS WAS MOUNTAN*10

   Although there are no contradictions here nevertheless there
   is still the idea of DEVELOPMENT & RESOLUTION (MOUNTAIN
   I WILL SHOW YOU...followed by IDENTIFICATION) The idea of
   a 3 day delay to see the mountain also shows development

*3 Rashi explicitly identifies ABRAHAMS FEAR OF GOD with
   Abrahams willingness to act on contradictory statements
   (RAISE ISAAC AS AN OFFERING, DONT TOUCH HIM) and continue
   studying the matter till they were resolved. As indicated
   this is part of the hallmark of a prophet that they can
   simultaneously receive contradictory statements and act
   on it till it is resolved


LONGER FOOTNOTES

*10 The verse uses the phrase HE LIFTED HIS EYES & SAW
    This phrase (LIFE EYES + SEE) occurs only about 2 dozen
    times in all of the BIble (Usually it simply says SEE).

    - The phrase seems to mean HE STUDIOUSLY OBSERVED
    - In about a 25% of the cases it is connected with actual
    PROPHECY Here are the cases where it refers to prophecy
    -----------------------------------------------------------
    Gn18-02 And Abraham LIFTED HIS EYES & SAW 3 Angels (Rambam)
    Gn22-04 And Abraham LIFTED HIS EYES & SAW mountain (Rashi)
    Nu24-02 He LIFTED HIS EYES & SAW the Jews & had a prophecy
    Jos5-13 Joshua LIFTED HIS EYES & SAW the angel Michael
    1C21-16 David LIFTED HIS EYES & SAW an Angel
    -----------------------------------------------------------

    Therefore it is a reasonable interpretation that either
    -- Abraham had been told to offer Isaac on a mountain
       with a certain sign

    -- Abraham was simply told to offer Isaac on a MOUNTAIN
       for which he would receive further information.Abraham
       then was shown the mountain in a prophetic vision

    Rashis actualy language is
    -------------------------------------------------------
    AND ABE SAW THE MOUNTAIN: (Rashi) It had a cloud on it
    -------------------------------------------------------
    In the Bible, CLOUD is a keyword for prophecies that
    are enigmatic (e.g. compare Job40-06 or Ez01-04).

    In summary the most reasonable interpretation is that
    God told Abraham that he should offer Isaac on a
    mountain that God would/did prophetically identify.

    Even though there is no contradiction here we have the idea
    of AMBIGUITY and RESOLUTION which we mentioned earlier.

    In a similar way the explicit Biblical statement that
    ABRAHAM SAW THE MOUNTAIN ON THE 3rd DAY contradicts
    the idea of INSTANTANEOUS prophecy and instead
    emphasizes development, and resolution.

    Rashis exact language is not as broad as we have taken it
    ---------------------------------------------------------
    Why did God wait 3 days to show him the mountain? So
    that people should not say that God appeared to him,
    caught him off guard and Abraham went and sacrificed
    Isaac. Therefore God waited till the 3rd day to show that
    Abraham had time to reflect and still wanted to offer.
    ----------------------------------------------------------

    The way we have taken it doesnt contradict this. Indeed,
    we simply emphasize that prophecy in general intrinsically
    requires deliberation and development



RASHI RULE USED: OVERALL STRUCTURE

#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc. 2001, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#

VERSE: Gn22-01b

RASHIS COVERED: Gn22-01b Gn06-17a Gn09-09a Gn37-17a

HINAYNI means I AM READY FOR WHATEVER YOU WANT


BACKGROUND
----------
The Bible contains a number of dialogues between people
or between God and people. The dialogue might begin with
someone calling someone and the other person responding
with the Hebrew word HINAYNI*1

THE TEXT
--------
e.g. God appeared to Jacob and said JACOB JACOB: and Jacob
responded HINAYNI (Gn31-10:11)

THE RASHI
---------
The Hebrew word HINAYNI is more than an interjection. It
rather denotes a statement I AM READY FOR WHATEVER YOU WANT
As such it denotes a PREPAREDNESS for anything as well as
a sense of humility (since the declaration for preparedness
is made before finding out what is requested)

THE LIST
--------
Here is the LIST
VERSETEXT WITH HEBREW WORD hinayniWHO SPOKE TO WHOM
Gn37-17aI AM READY FOR WHATEVER YOU WANT(Joseph to Jacob)
Gn22-01bI AM READY FOR WHATEVER YOU WANT(Abraham to God)*2
Gn31-11I AM READY FOR WHATEVER YOU WANT(Jacob to God)*3
Ex03-04I AM READY FOR WHATEVER YOU WANT(Moses to God)
1Sam3-4I AM READY FOR WHATEVER YOU WANT(Samuel to God)
Gn27-01I AM READY FOR WHATEVER YOU WANT(Esauv to Isaac)*4
COMMENTS

*1 In English you respond to a call on your name with YES
*2 Compare identical READINESSES throughout: Gn22-07 Gn22-11
*3 Compare an identical READINESS in Gn46-02
*4 From this verse we learn that Esauv respected his parents
   (Despite his other bad attributes)


hinni MEANS i have decided despite other considerations


BACKGROUND
----------
The Bible is full of statements of intent to do some activity.
In about 200 cases these statements of intent contain the
Hebrew INTERJECTION hinni.

THE TEXT
--------
Gn09-09a contains the statement that God will never destroy
the world again. The actual text has the interjection HINNI.
------------------------------------------------------------
And I, HINNI, will make a convenant (not to bring floods)
------------------------------------------------------------
What does this interjection, HINNI, signify

THE RASHI
---------
The interjection HINNI literlly means HERE I AM and has a
nuance of emphasis that I AM HERE NOW DESPITE
COUNTERARGUMENTS against what I intend

THE LIST
--------
Accordingly the list below contains 3 columns
- it contains the VERSE with the word HINNI
- it contains the TEXT (of the verse) WITH HEBREW WORD hinni
translated as I HAVE MADE THE DECISION to do such & such
- it contains a verse with a COUNTER argument. For example
Gn08-21 says that MAN MIGHT BECOME EVIL FROM YOUTH. This would
justify another flood. Gn09-09 states that GOD nevertheless
MADE A DECISION NOT TO BRING ANOTHER FLOOD. The
decision(in face of counterarguments) is indicated by HINNI
VERSECOUNTERTEXT WITH HEBREW WORD hinni
Gn06-17aGn01-27& I, IVE MADE THE DECISION to bring a flood*1
Gn09-09aGn08-21*2& I, IVE MADE THE DECISION not to flood again
Ex16-04Ex16-02:03IVE MADE THE DECISION to give Manna*3
Nu24-14Nu24-13*4IVE MADE THE DECISION to return to my nation
1Sa14-431S14-42:44IVE MADE THE DECISION to die*5
COMMENTS

*1 Even though I have created man and I am merciful I have
   decided that at this point punishment is needed

*2 Even though man may be wicked from his youth and deserves
   a flood nevertheless I will not bring a flood again

*3 Even though the people were complaining I have decided that
   it was a legitimate complaint & will provide food

*4 Even though you offered me honors and riches nevertheless
   I decline and am returning home

*5 I violated the order not to eat and even though I brought
   a victory I am willing to die



RASHI RULE USED: SPECIAL WORDS

#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2001, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#


          THE 6 RASHI RULE CLASSES(Version 3.2 Dec 15 2001)
                http://www.Rashiyomi.com/rules-01.htm
          Copyright Dec 2001, RashiYomi Inc. Dr Hendel President

========================================================
THE DICTIONARY RULE: Rashi can function as a dictionary.
                     He presents 2-6 meanings of words
         REFERENCE: http://www.RashiYomi.Com/words.htm
========================================================
* EXAMPLE 1: AL means ON. AL can also mean
      - WITH (Eat Passover WITH matzoh Ex12-09e)
      - IN   (Place the Matzoh IN the basket Ex29-03)
      - TO   (The boards shall be even from bottom TO top Ex26-24c)
      - NEAR (His borders will be NEAR Tzison Gn49-13b)
      - AFTER(Offer Peace offerings AFTER the daily Lv03-05a)

* EXAMPLE 2: KI means IF,PERHAPS,RATHER,BECAUSE,WHEN,THAT
   Gn18-15a Gn24-33a

* EXAMPLE 3: YDA means FAMILIAR, not KNOW (eg Dt34-10a)
	   eg Gn04-01 Adam was FAMILIAR with his wife

* EXAMPLE 4: ON THE FACE OF means DURING THE LIFETIME
            Nu03-04a Gn11-28a Ex20-03c Dt05-07a

===========================================================
THE GRAMMAR RULE: Rashi comments on RARE or SIMILAR usages
        REFERENCE:http://www.RashiYomi.Com/grammar.htm
===========================================================

* EXAMPLE 1: BA-ah means CAME;ba-AH means COMING(Gn46-26a)


* EXAMPLE 2:THE SENTENCE: 0.2% of Biblical sentences are 2verses
 -(Dt11-07:08) It was not your fathers who saw this;rather you

* EXAMPLE 3: Hitpael has different rules if 1st root letter is
   Tzade (USE: Ni-Tz-Ta-Dack not Ni-Th-Tza-Dack--Gn44-16a)

================================================================
THE CITATION RULE: Rashi enriches meaning by citing OTHER verses
         REFERENCE:http://www.RashiYomi.Com/other-20.htm
================================================================
* EXAMPLE 1: Dt26-05d We went down to Egypt with A FEW PEOPLE
	    ENRICHED by Gn46-27: We went down with 70 people

* EXAMPLE 2: Lv01-05a Non-priests may SLAUGHTER offerings
	    This law DERIVED from explicit statement in 2Chr30-17

* EXAMPLE 3:Why does Rashi say that Chur is Miriams son(Ex17-10b)
	    DERIVED from possible interpretation of 1-Chr18-19

* EXAMPLE 4: Gn35-22a Reuven Slept with Bilhah(Fathers concubine)
	    Gn49-04  Reuven PLAYED with fathers BEDS
        CONCLUSION: Reuven inteferred with fathers personal
	life(ruffled bedspreads); Bible condemns Reuven by
	exaggeration; he is accused of incest which he didnt do

=================================================================
THE 3 RABBI ISHMAEL RULES: They govern style(broad vs literal)
REFERENCE:http://www.RashiYomi.com/example1.htm thru example9.htm
=================================================================

* EXAMPLE 1: Simple sentences are always GENERALIZED
            ---------------------------------------
	    Dt25-04a Dont MUZZLE an OX while it is THRESHING
	    Rabbi Ishmael: Dont STOP any ANIMAL from eating
			   while DOING ITS WORK
					
* EXAMPLE 2: GENERAL-EXAMPLE style always interpreted LITERALLY
            --------------------------------------------------
 Nu05-12d (GENERAL) If a women DESECRATES her marriage
	   (EXAMPLE) and commits ADULTERY
	   Rabbi Ishmael: Nu05 only applies to ADULTERY.
	   It does not apply to other marriage DESECRATIONS
			
* EXAMPLE 3: GENERAL-EXAMPLE-GENERAL style intepreted SIMILARLY
            --------------------------------------------------
 Lv05-21b (GENERAL) If a man DENIES under oath
	  (EXAMPLE) ..denies a deposit,loan,theft,wages,lost item
	  (GENERAL) or ANY DENIAL which he denies
 RABBI ISHMAEL: These laws apply to any SIMILAR Example
 * The law applies to partnerships, movables and monetary objects
 * The law does not apply to real-estate or slander

=================================================================
THE CLIMAX RULE: The Bible should be interpreted in such a manner
                that it reflects CLIMACTIC development to a goal
             REFERENCE: http://www.RashiYomi.Com/example9.htm
=================================================================
 EXAMPLE 1: Dt19-11a If a man HATES, SPIES, CONFRONTS & KILLS
 RASHI: Bible identifies 4 stages to murder(Capped)

==============================================================
THE FORMATTING PRINCIPLE: Bible had its own method to mimic
                          bold, bullets, footnotes, paragraphs
==============================================================

* BOLD: Bible REPEATS words to obtain BOLD emphasis effect
          http://www.RashiYomi.Com/doubl-14.htm
  --------------------------------------------------------------
  EXAMPLE 1:(Ex12-09c) COOK COOK it in water (So COOKED is bold)
  INFERENCE: Prefered to COOK it in water;
         But COOK It at all costs(Even if you dont have water)

* BULLETS: Bible indicates bullets by REPEATING KEYWORDS
  --------------------------------------------------------
 Who am I
 - THAT I should go to Pharaoh
 - THAT I should take the Jews out of Egypt (Ex03-11a)
 --------------------------------------------------------
 RASHI: Repeated word THAT creates BULLET effect
 - Pharoh was a difficult king (Bullet one)
 - Jews were not yet ready for freedom (Bullet two)

* FOOTNOTES: The Bible indicates FOOTNOTES by ALMOST DUPLICATING
	     verses but making small minor changes
                http://www.RashiYomi.Com/align-58.htm
  ---------------------------------------------------------------
  EXAMPLE: Ex20-03a
  VERSE        PHRASE #1       PHRASE #2       PHRASE #3
  -------      ---------       ---------       ------------------
  Ex20-03      Dont            POSSESS  the gods of others
  Ex20-04      Dont            MAKE     idols

  RASHI: So both POSSESSion & MAKING of idols are prohibited
  ---------------------------------------------------------------

                           End of Rashi is Simple Digest
#*#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi, 2001 Inc. Dr. Hendel President #*#*#*#*#