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Surfing the Talmudic Seas
(C) RashiYomi Incorporated, 2001
Written by Dr Russell Jay Hendel
Volume 11 Number 3
Produced August 2nd, 2001
WARNING: USE FIX WIDTH FONTS (eg COURIER (NEW) 10)
OVERVIEW OF HILIGHTS IN THIS ISSUE |
` Whats new and hot in this issue or on the web?
|
ITEM | WHERE TO FIND IT |
UPDATED: The White Papers | http://www.Rashiyomi.Com/white.htm*1 |
Rashis on PARSHAH | http://www.RashiYomi.Com/by-verse.htm |
Professional version | http://www.RashiYomi.Com/h11n1.htm*2 |
SEE OUR NEW FORMAT | http://www.RashiYomi.Com/h11n1.htm*3 |
Multi Verse sentences | http://www.RashiYomi.Com/gn09-11a.htm |
LAMAD=Learn;LiMayd=Teach | http://www.RashiYomi.Com/dt04-10b.htm |
OTHER VERSES clarify | http://www.RashiYomi.Com/dt04-06a.htm |
QUESTION: How do I do it*4 | http://www.RashiYomi.Com/gn09-11a.htm |
Rashi Text in English*9 | http://www.mnemotrix.com/metsudah/ |
| |
COMMENTS |
*1 NEW NEW THE WHITE PAPERS NEW NEW
The WHITE paper page has been updated--the first update
in over 6 months. It contains my favorite, best and most
controversial postings. For example you will find there
---Gen 1 Speaks about the Creation of Prophecy,not the World!!
---The CRUNCHY TORAH NUGGET Passover Series
---The Rabbi Ishmaels Rules of Style Series
---What was Moses sin?
---Did Rashi blame Dinah as contributing to her own Rape?
Check it out
NEW NEW THE WHITE PAPERS NEW NEW
*2 Professional version has professionally made tables, use of
bold, shading as well as inside-outside technology
Professional version will be available SUNDAY
*3 The new format is available on the web. The key features
of this new format are
* Each posting is a collection of TABLES
* ONE LINE HEADERS for each table indicate the topic
* 10 Line summaries on top of each table with Background..
* There are MAIN FOOTNOTES(4-8 lines) & BIGGER FOOTNOTES
* We use NEWSPAPER style. There are 4 levels of readers:
* --- The reader can
* --- Just read the ONE LINE HEADER to find out the idea
* --- Also read the 10 line SUMMARY on top of tables
* --- Can read the list with small footnotes & see detail
* --- Can read the bigger footnotes answering subtleties
* Everything is color coded for your convenience
*4 I was attending the National Cherish A Child Dinner by
Amit women and a colleague asked me HOW DO I CREATE
THESE DATABASES. A footnote to posting /gn09-11a.htm
below clarifies this question and shows our methodology
*9 Also see the following URL for Rashi texts in English
---------------------------------------------------
http://aish.com/literacy/reference/
Search_the_Chumash_with_Rashi_-_in_English.asp
---------------------------------------------------
|
Rashis covered in this issue |
|
VERSE | RULE | BRIEF DESCRIPTION |
======== | =============== | ======================================= |
Dt04-10b | GRAMMAR | LaMaD(KaL)=Learn; LiMayD(Piel)=Teach |
Dt04-10c | GRAMMAR | LaMaD(KaL)=Learn; LiMayD(Piel)=Teach |
Dt04-06a | OTHER VERSES | Rashi learns meaning from other verses |
Dt06-19a | OTHER VERSES | Rashi learns meaning from other verses |
Dt03-27a | OTHER VERSES | Rashi learns meaning from other verses |
Gn09-11a | THE SENTENCE | Several verses can form one sentence |
Nu05-12d | THE SENTENCE | Several verses can form one sentence |
Nu14-17a | THE SENTENCE | Several verses can form one sentence |
Dt02-04a | THE SENTENCE | Several verses can form one sentence |
Dt04-32c | THE SENTENCE | Several verses can form one sentence |
Dt06-06a | THE SENTENCE | Several verses can form one sentence |
--------- | ---------------- | --------------------------------------- |
#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc. 2001, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
MAP OF RASHI-IS-SIMPLE |
|
ITEM | DESCRIPTION |
GOALS: | Defend the 7800 Chumash Rashis |
METHOD USED: | Emphasis on LISTS -- Database methods |
INTENDED AUDIENCE: | Laymen, Academicians, Yeshiva world |
COMMENTS,QUESTIONS: | EMail your questions to address below |
ANONYMITY: | Granted on request |
TO (UN)SUBSCRIBE: | Email addresses below with (UN)SUBSCRIBE |
JOURNAL REFERENCES: | Pshat & Drash,TRADITION, 1980,R Hendel |
NOTATION: | Gn01-02a refers to Rashi A on Genesis 1:2 |
SPECIALS: | on Parshah,Rambam,Pedagogy,Symbolism,Rmbn |
RASHI-IS-SIMPLE RULES | Complete set of rules on bottom |
EMAIL: | RJHendel@Juno.Com, |
EMAIL: | rashi-is-simple@shamash.org |
WEB: | http://www.RashiYomi.Com/ |
#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc. 2001, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
VERSE: Dt04-10b
RASHIS COVERED: Dt04-10b Dt04-10c
LAMAD means LEARN; LIMAYD means TEACH |
BACKGROUND
----------
Most people are aware that Hebrew grammar is based on the
3-letter root. Each 3-letter root is conjugated in
different modes and can acquire different meanings. There are
standard books on Hebrew grammar; my favorite reference is
the appendix to the Ibn Shoshan Dictionary.
THE TEXT
--------
Dt04-10 uses two conjugations of the verb LMD. Consulting
TABLE A of Ibn Shoshan we see that one conjugation is
in the ACTIVE KAL mode (YiLMeDooN) while the other conjugation
is in the INTENSE PIEL mode (YeLaMayDooN).
THE RASHI
---------
The popular notion is that the PIEL mode denotes intensity.
But already RADACK explains that PIEL CAN DENOTE CAUSATION.
Applying this to Dt04-10 we translate LAMAD as LEARN while
we translate LiMayD as TO TEACH (To cause others to learn).
THE LIST below brings verses justifying this translation
All the PIEL conjugations means TEACH while all the KAL
conjugations mean LEARN.
|
VERSE | MODE | Translation of text with LEARN or TEACH |
Dt04-05 | Piel | See I have TAUGHT you commandments |
Dt11-19 | Piel | TEACH the commandments to your children |
2S1-18 | Piel | David TAUGHT the Jews how to use a bow |
Ps119-7 | Piel | I will praise you when you TEACH me your statutes |
Ecc12-9 | Piel | King Solomon also TAUGHT ethics to the nation |
Prv30-3 | Kal | I have not yet LEARNED wisdon |
Dt31-13 | Kal | The CHildren will LEARN to listen to fear God |
Dt17-19 | Kal | In order that the king will LEARN to fear God |
Isa2-4 | Kal | The nations will not LEARN principles of war |
Dt18-09 | Kal | Dont LEARN the ways of Idolaters |
RASHI RULE USED: GRAMMAR
#*#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi, Inc. Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#*#*#
VERSE: Dt04-06a
RASHIS COVERED: Dt04-06a Dt06-19a Dt03-27a
RASHI CONFIRMS/LEARNS MEANING FROM OTHER VERSES |
BACKGROUND
----------
Rashi here uses the method of OTHER VERSES. In this method
Rashi either confirms or learns the meaning of one verse
by reviewing similar items in other verses. This OTHER VERSE
method supplements traditional Rashi methods where Rashi learns
by using internal analysis of a verse.
REFERENCE
---------
Visit http://www.RashiYomi.Com/other-20.htm We present there
6 methods of OTHER VERSES.
THE TEXT
--------
We add 3 more verses to our OTHER VERSE compilation. As a
simple example Moses prayed to see Israel before he died.
God told him to go up to the cliff and see it. In a later
verse we find that Moses went up to a cliff and saw Israel
Thus Rashi uses other verses to CONFIRM the original one.
Here is the LIST. The footnotes provide further support,
the full text or classification details.
|
VERSE | TEXT OF MAIN VERSE | CONFIRM |
Dt04-06a | Our God will 1 day be accepted by whole world*1 | Zac14-3 |
Dt06-19a | I (God) will push all your enemies away*2 | Ex23-27 |
Dt03-28 | Moses, go on the cliff and see Israel*3 | Dt34-01 |
| | |
COMMENTS |
*1 We use here method 3 of OTHER VERSES. This method is used to
CLARIFY WITH A SIMILAR VERSE WITH MORE DETAILS. Dt04-06
actually says
---------------------------------------
HEAR JEWS, GOD OUR LORD, GOD IS ONE.
---------------------------------------
The meaning of this verse is CLARIFIED by reviewing OTHER
VERSES with this theme which promise us that one day the
the whole world will believe in God. Here are 5 such verses
--------------------------------------------------------------
Dt04-06a God who is now our Lord will one day be God of world
Tzf03-09 I will turn all languages to speak about the one God
Zch14-03 On that day God will one and His Name one
Isa2-1:4 At the end of days, the world will seek Gods Torah
Mic4-1:3 At the end of days, the world will seek Gods Torah
--------------------------------------------------------------
*2 We use here method 3 of OTHER VERSES. This method is used to
CLARIFY WITH A SIMILAR VERSE WITH MORE DETAILS. Dt06-19a
actually says
-----------------------------------------
GOD WILL PUSH ALL YOUR ENEMIES BEFORE YOU
-----------------------------------------
Ex23-27 similarly says
----------------------------------------------------------
Ill send my fear;Ill melt the enemies heart,they will run
----------------------------------------------------------
*3 We use here method 4 of OTHER VERSES. This method MODIFIES
A VERSES MEANING THRU OTHER VERSES. To appreciate this
we review Moses prayer and Gods answer Dt03-25 and Dt03-27
----------------------------------------------------------
MOSES PRAYER: let me pass to Israel AND let me see the land
GOD ANSWERS: God refused ---------
----------------------------------------------------------
By reviewing OTHER VERSES we see WHAT God refused. God
did refuse Moses entry into Israel. But He granted Moses
2nd request LET ME SEE THE LAND. Here are the other verses
God orders Moses to ascend the cliff so he can see the land!
--------------------------------------------------------------
Dt03-28 Ascend to the cliff see with your eyes
Dt34-01 Moses went up the cliff God made him see Israel
--------------------------------------------------------------
|
RASHI METHOD USED: OTHER VERSES
#*#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi, Inc. Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#*#*#
VERSE: Gn09-11a
MULTI VERSE SENTENCES |
BACKGROUND
----------
We continue the examples we brought last time in
posting http://www.RashiYomi.Com/dt02-16a.htm
The following table illustrates a rule of grammar on sentence
formations. About a dozen examples are presented in this
table where ONE SENTENCE consists of TWO OR MORE VERSES.
THE TEXT
--------
For example one verse says I WILL MAKE A CONVENANT while the
the next verse I WILL PLACE MY RAINBOW IN THE CLOUD. Together
these form 1 compound sentence: I WILL MAKE A CONVENANT BY
PLACING MY RAINBOW IN THE CLOUD.
THE RASHI
---------
Rashi simply points out that these multi-verses can best be
understood as one sentence. The footnotes give further
details and show the point behind these Rashis.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
---------------
This table was motivated by a question I received by a
colleague while attending that National Cherish A Child
Dinner of Amit Women last Tuesday. See footnote *12
Here is the list |
VERSE | FN | BRIEF SYNOPSIS OF MULTI-VERSE SENTENCE |
Gn09-11a | *1 | And I will make a CONVENANT:...the RAINBOW in cloud |
Nu05-12d | *2 | If a women TRESPASS her marriage..& SLEEP with a man |
Nu14-17a | *2 | God be GREAT as you told me: God is MERCIFUL... |
Dt02-04a | *2 | You are passing Seir; Be CAREFUL:..dont PROVOKE them |
Dt04-32c | *2 | Has anyone ever heard this GREAT thing:..God SAVED us |
Dt06-06a | *2 | LOVE the Lord your God:...by sharp LEARNING |
| | |
COMMENTS |
*1 Gn09-10:14 form a 4 verse sentence as follows
--------------------------------------------------------
Gn09-10 I(God) will make
-------------------------a convenant WITH you
-------------------------------------WITH your children
Gn09-11 -----------------------------WITH the animals
-------------------------a convenant of no more floods
Gn09-12 -------This is the convenant WITH you,children...
Gn09-13 --I will place the rainbow in clouds
--------------------------------------------------------
For a more detailed analysis see footnote *10
*2 We have approached these verses using the principle
of the multi-verse sentence. An alternative approach
is to use the Rabbi Ishmael principle of the
GENERAL-PARTICULAR style. This style requires that we
identify the meaning of each CAPPED GENERAL item with
the CAPPED PARTICULAR item that follows it.
For a development of this idea see footnote *11. For a
URL presenting Rabbi Ishmaels rule see
http://www.RashiYomi.Com/example4.htm
LONGER FOOTNOTES |
*10 By aligning the 4 verses we can see the 2 major
components of this 4-verse sentence
---WHO the convenant was made with:
In fact the convenant was made with YOU, YOUR CHILDREN
THE ANIMALS, etc
---WHAT the convenant agreed to: The convenant promised
no more floods, and a rainbow as a symbol of the
convenant.
The repetition of themes is a common style in long
sentences.
*11 In this footnote we sketch the results of
http://www.RashiYomi.Com/example4.htm. We show
how to apply Rabbi Ishmaels style rule of GENERAL-
PARTIULAR to these verses.
For example Nu05-12 speaks about a women TRESPASSING
her marriage: This could mean many things: It could mean
sleeping with other men, or it could mean insulting
him in public or it could mean dressing immodestly.
The multi verse structure (Which we have indicated
using a colon) explains each CAPPED general term by
the CAPPED particular term following it: Thus the
women TRESPASSED her marriage by ADULTERY. A similar
explanation applies to the other items.
A similar explanation applies to the other items.
For example: The GREAT THING in Dt04-32 refers to
the fact that God SAVED ONE NATION FROM ANOTHER.
Similarly the concept of LOVE OF GOD mentioned in
Dt06-06 refers to LEARNING.
The multi-verse structure is appropriate for such
a general-particular style since we place a colon
after the GENERAL ITEM and then explain it with
the particular item. The reader should now review
the other examples on this list
*12 The question asked is how these databases of mine
are constructed. I answered that they are built up
in little pieces and eventually sewn together in one
big table. Thus the posting from last time on multi-verses
is now combined with this posting. As I go from Parshah
to Parshah I make little lists which eventually become
big lists.
This method was successfully used by Rabbi Akiva.
In computer science it is known as a BOTTOM-UP approach
vs a TOP-DOWN approach.
Most people are SPOILED by our grammatical databases.
People forget that these databases were built up over
a 1000 year period! They were built up the same way
I am building up the Rashi database. It is important
to have completed finished products like grammar
databases. It is equally important to build new
databases.
| |
RASHI RULE USED: THE SENTENCE
#*#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi, Inc. Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#*#*#
THE 6 RASHI RULE CLASSES(Version 3.2 Dec 15 2001)
http://www.Rashiyomi.com/rules-01.htm
Copyright Dec 2001, RashiYomi Inc. Dr Hendel President
========================================================
THE DICTIONARY RULE: Rashi can function as a dictionary.
He presents 2-6 meanings of words
REFERENCE: http://www.RashiYomi.Com/words.htm
========================================================
* EXAMPLE 1: AL means ON. AL can also mean
- WITH (Eat Passover WITH matzoh Ex12-09e)
- IN (Place the Matzoh IN the basket Ex29-03)
- TO (The boards shall be even from bottom TO top Ex26-24c)
- NEAR (His borders will be NEAR Tzison Gn49-13b)
- AFTER(Offer Peace offerings AFTER the daily Lv03-05a)
* EXAMPLE 2: KI means IF,PERHAPS,RATHER,BECAUSE,WHEN,THAT
Gn18-15a Gn24-33a
* EXAMPLE 3: YDA means FAMILIAR, not KNOW (eg Dt34-10a)
eg Gn04-01 Adam was FAMILIAR with his wife
* EXAMPLE 4: ON THE FACE OF means DURING THE LIFETIME
Nu03-04a Gn11-28a Ex20-03c Dt05-07a
===========================================================
THE GRAMMAR RULE: Rashi comments on RARE or SIMILAR usages
REFERENCE:http://www.RashiYomi.Com/grammar.htm
===========================================================
* EXAMPLE 1: BA-ah means CAME;ba-AH means COMING(Gn46-26a)
* EXAMPLE 2:THE SENTENCE: 0.2% of Biblical sentences are 2verses
-(Dt11-07:08) It was not your fathers who saw this;rather you
* EXAMPLE 3: Hitpael has different rules if 1st root letter is
Tzade (USE: Ni-Tz-Ta-Dack not Ni-Th-Tza-Dack--Gn44-16a)
================================================================
THE CITATION RULE: Rashi enriches meaning by citing OTHER verses
REFERENCE:http://www.RashiYomi.Com/other-20.htm
================================================================
* EXAMPLE 1: Dt26-05d We went down to Egypt with A FEW PEOPLE
ENRICHED by Gn46-27: We went down with 70 people
* EXAMPLE 2: Lv01-05a Non-priests may SLAUGHTER offerings
This law DERIVED from explicit statement in 2Chr30-17
* EXAMPLE 3:Why does Rashi say that Chur is Miriams son(Ex17-10b)
DERIVED from possible interpretation of 1-Chr18-19
* EXAMPLE 4: Gn35-22a Reuven Slept with Bilhah(Fathers concubine)
Gn49-04 Reuven PLAYED with fathers BEDS
CONCLUSION: Reuven inteferred with fathers personal
life(ruffled bedspreads); Bible condemns Reuven by
exaggeration; he is accused of incest which he didnt do
=================================================================
THE 3 RABBI ISHMAEL RULES: They govern style(broad vs literal)
REFERENCE:http://www.RashiYomi.com/example1.htm thru example9.htm
=================================================================
* EXAMPLE 1: Simple sentences are always GENERALIZED
---------------------------------------
Dt25-04a Dont MUZZLE an OX while it is THRESHING
Rabbi Ishmael: Dont STOP any ANIMAL from eating
while DOING ITS WORK
* EXAMPLE 2: GENERAL-EXAMPLE style always interpreted LITERALLY
--------------------------------------------------
Nu05-12d (GENERAL) If a women DESECRATES her marriage
(EXAMPLE) and commits ADULTERY
Rabbi Ishmael: Nu05 only applies to ADULTERY.
It does not apply to other marriage DESECRATIONS
* EXAMPLE 3: GENERAL-EXAMPLE-GENERAL style intepreted SIMILARLY
--------------------------------------------------
Lv05-21b (GENERAL) If a man DENIES under oath
(EXAMPLE) ..denies a deposit,loan,theft,wages,lost item
(GENERAL) or ANY DENIAL which he denies
RABBI ISHMAEL: These laws apply to any SIMILAR Example
* The law applies to partnerships, movables and monetary objects
* The law does not apply to real-estate or slander
=================================================================
THE CLIMAX RULE: The Bible should be interpreted in such a manner
that it reflects CLIMACTIC development to a goal
REFERENCE: http://www.RashiYomi.Com/example9.htm
=================================================================
EXAMPLE 1: Dt19-11a If a man HATES, SPIES, CONFRONTS & KILLS
RASHI: Bible identifies 4 stages to murder(Capped)
==============================================================
THE FORMATTING PRINCIPLE: Bible had its own method to mimic
bold, bullets, footnotes, paragraphs
==============================================================
* BOLD: Bible REPEATS words to obtain BOLD emphasis effect
http://www.RashiYomi.Com/doubl-14.htm
--------------------------------------------------------------
EXAMPLE 1:(Ex12-09c) COOK COOK it in water (So COOKED is bold)
INFERENCE: Prefered to COOK it in water;
But COOK It at all costs(Even if you dont have water)
* BULLETS: Bible indicates bullets by REPEATING KEYWORDS
--------------------------------------------------------
Who am I
- THAT I should go to Pharaoh
- THAT I should take the Jews out of Egypt (Ex03-11a)
--------------------------------------------------------
RASHI: Repeated word THAT creates BULLET effect
- Pharoh was a difficult king (Bullet one)
- Jews were not yet ready for freedom (Bullet two)
* FOOTNOTES: The Bible indicates FOOTNOTES by ALMOST DUPLICATING
verses but making small minor changes
http://www.RashiYomi.Com/align-58.htm
---------------------------------------------------------------
EXAMPLE: Ex20-03a
VERSE PHRASE #1 PHRASE #2 PHRASE #3
------- --------- --------- ------------------
Ex20-03 Dont POSSESS the gods of others
Ex20-04 Dont MAKE idols
RASHI: So both POSSESSion & MAKING of idols are prohibited
---------------------------------------------------------------
End of Rashi is Simple Digest
|
#*#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi, 2001 Inc. Dr. Hendel President #*#*#*#*#