Rashi-Is-Simple Mailing List
             VISIT the RASHI DATABASE archives AT
                  http://www.RashiYomi.com/
                  Surfing the Talmudic Seas

               (C) RashiYomi Incorporated, 2001
               Written by Dr Russell Jay Hendel

                     Volume 12 Number 2
                 Produced November 8th, 2001

       WARNING: USE FIX WIDTH FONTS (eg COURIER (NEW) 10)

`          Whats new and hot in this issue?

*1 If you dont want the new HTML format you MUST EMAIL ME
   If I hear no complaints it will become permanant

#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc. 2001, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#

VERSE: Gn23-17a

RASHIS COVERED: Dt02-16a Dt11-07a Dt04-10a
                Nu32-36a Gn01-29a Gn27-28a
                Dt11-13a Dt01-31a Dt02-29b Dt02-29a
                Gn23-17a

REFERENCE:
---------
The following posting adds one more example to the list
of multi-verse-single-sentences presented at
http://www.RashiYomi.Com/dt02-16a.htm

BACKGROUND
----------
The following table illustrates a rule of grammar on sentence
formations. About a dozen examples are presented in this
table where ONE SENTENCE consists of TWO OR MORE VERSES.

THE TEXT
--------
The simplest example is Dt02-16a
--------------------------------------------------------------
And when all the sinners finished dying God spoke to me
--------------------------------------------------------------

This simple sentence consists of 2 verses!!
-------------------------------------------------------
Dt02-16 And when all the sinners finished dying
Dt02-17 God spoke to me
-------------------------------------------------------

THE RASHI
---------
Rashi simply points out that the several verses form one
sentence

Here is the LIST. A Brief synopsis of the one sentence is
provided in the LIST. The MAIN footnotes then give the
actual text while the LONGER FOOTNOTES give other references
and further details.

*1 The actual 2 verses are as follows
   --------------------------------------------------------------
   Gn23-17 - & Ephrons field in Machpaylah
             near Mamray became Abrahams:
   - The field
   - The cave in it
   - All trees in the field on its borders
   Gn23-18 Became Abrahams property in front of Chitites in the
           the midst of the city dwellers
   --------------------------------------------------------------

*2 The footnotes showing how the other verses fit into one
   sentence may be found on the parent posting at
   http://www.RashiYomi.Com/gn23-17a.htm

RASHI RULE USED: The sentence

#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2001, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#

VERSE: Gn24-07b

RASHIS COVERED: Gn24-07b Gn24-07c Gn24-62b Gn25-01a Gn25-06a

BACKGROUND
----------
Sometimes Rashi is based NOT on INTERNAL GRAMMATICAL ANALYSIS
but rather on the content of OTHER VERSES.

REFERENCE
---------
We have presented 6 methods by which Rashi will use OTHER VERSES
Visit url http://www.RashiYomi.Com/other-20.htm. The verses
in this posting are examples of METHOD 3 OF OTHER VERSES:In this
method,Rashi uses OTHER VERSES to provide further details to a
verse

THE TEXT
--------
In Gn24-07 Abraham states:
----------------------------------------------------------
GOD WHO TOOK ME FROM my fathers house & FROM my birthplace
----------------------------------------------------------

THE RASHI #1
------------
Notice the two lower case phrases in the above verse
- my fathers house
- my birthplace.
Rashi links these 2 phrases to 2 broad areas of Abrahams life
-- Abraham was BORN in OOR CASDIM (birthplace) (Gn11-31)
-- Abraham MOVED to CHARAN (fathers house)     (Gn12-05)
-- God ordered Abraham to leave CHARAN also*10

THE LIST
--------
A summary of this correspondence is exhibited in the LIST
below

*10 Some people approach Rashi by counting words.
    If there are extra words it justifies a Rashi. Our point of
    view is that extra words justify a Rashi ONLY WHEN THERE IS
    SUPPORT IN THE TEXT FOR BEING PICKY ON THE EXTRA WORDS

  Hence Rashi is justified in seeing the KEYWORDS: BIRTHPLACE &
  FATHERS RESIDENCE, as LINKING to these OTHER VERSES. Rashi is
  not being picky on extra words; rather Rashi is linking to
  OTHER VERSES each of which describe broad parts of Abes life

BACKGROUND
----------
Gn16 thru Gn20 relate the following about Abraham & Hagar
-- Gn16-14 Hagar sees an Angel in BEER LACHAI ROI
-- Gn16-14 BEER LACHAI ROI is between KADESH & BARED
-- Gn17    This parenthetical chapter discusses Circumcision
-- Gn18,19 These 2 parenthetical chapters discuss Sedom/Amorah
-- Gn20-01 Abraham journeyed from THERE (= BEER LACHAI ROI)
-- Gn20-01 Abraham journeyed SOUTHWARD
-- Gn20-01 Abraham went to GRAR between KADESH & SHUR

THE TEXT
--------
Gn24-62 speaks about
-- Isaac was staying in the SOUTH
-- Isaac coming from BEER LACHAI ROI

THE RASHI
---------
Rashi uses the technique of other verses:
-- Isaac was staying in the SOUTH where Abraham his father lived
-- Isaac journeyed to nearby BEER LACHAI where Hagar lived

Thus the basis of Rashis comments was the OTHER VERSES.

THE LIST
--------
The list below compactly summarizes the coincidences which
motivated Rashi to state that Isaac visited Hagar. The
footnote *10 gives an advanced discussion of the consequences
of this observation.

THE LIST
--------
We summarize the above discussion in the following list which
shows the linkings between Gn24-62, Gn20-01 and Gn16-14

*1 Gn16-14
*2 Gn20-01
*3 Gn24-62
*4 Gn24-62

*10 Rashi analyzes further: What was Isaac doing by Hagar?
    Rashi suggests that
 - Isaac went to bring back Hagar to Abraham after Sarahs death
   (Recall that Sarah did not like Hagar--see Gn21-10)
 - Indeed the next chapter, Gn25-01 says Abraham remarried
 - But Abrahams remarried wifes name was KETURAH
   (So Rashi conjectures that KETURAH was HAGAR)

 This Rashi should not be regarded as a proven fact. But rather
 it should be regarded as a reasonable conjecture. It is
 important to emphasize that what motivated Rashi was the
 explicit Biblical verse that Isaac went to HAGARS TOWN

 In summary:
 -  It appears that Isaac went to Hagars town
 -  We could reasonably argue that Isaac wanted Abraham & Hagar
    to get back together after Sarah, Hagars enemy, died
 -  This hypothesis necessitates saying that KETURAH=HAGAR*11
 -  It also necessitates saying that the CONCUBINES mentioned
    in Gn25-06 was really only ONE CONCUBINE - HAGAR*12
 -  Again: This is a reasonable conjecture: However in light
    of all the verses that must be twisted to adjust to this
    conjecture we should not consider it a proven fact*13

*11 This is the Rashi on Gn25-01a
    -----------------------------------------------------
    Keturah is Hagar. She was called Keturah (from the
    root KTR for incense) since she was a SIMPLE UPRIGHT
    person (like the form of incense). For example, Hagar
    never had relations with a man again after separating
    from Abraham
    -----------------------------------------------------

    Again I emphasize that this is a (reasonable) conjecture.
    There is nothing in the verse that PROVES that Keturah
    is HAGAR. And nothing is bothering Rashi. Rather the
    driving force comes from Gn24-62 which says that Isaac
    visited Hagars town, presumably to bring her back to
    Abraham after Sarah, Hagars enemy, died

*12 This Rashi, Gn25-06a has caused the greatest confusion
    ------------------------------------------------------
    RASHI: The Biblical text says AND TO THE CONCUBINES
    ABRAHAM GAVE PRESENTS. So it seems to talk about
    many concubines. But CONCUBINES is DEFICIENT and
    refers to ONE CONCUBINE(HAGAR)
    ------------------------------------------------------

    Here is the catch. The word DEFICIENT sometimes refers
    to DEFICIENT SPELLING. This has led people to conjecture
    that the word CONCUBINES in Rashis text was spelled
    deficiently. An absurdity! We have never found such a
    text. Moreover the Rashbah in Yoreh Dayah 275 explicitly
    notes that we have a Mesorah that there are only 2
    fully spelled PILAGSHIM in Tnach. So Rashi couldnt
    believe that this is spelled deficiently.

    Rather the simple meaning of Rashi is that the plural
    word CONCUBINES refers to a DEFICIENT PLURALITY of only
    ONE Person, Hagar, who behaved like SEVERAL WOMEN.

    I again emphasize that the driving force motivating Rashi
    to interpret CONCUBINES as deficient is Gn24-62
    which says that Isaac came to Hagars town(Presumbably
    to bring her back to Abraham).

    Another support (That there was only one Concubine)
    is the fact that Gn25 lists the estate division of
    Abraham: But we only find Isaac and the Concubines
    sons mentioned---we do not find Ishmael mentioned.
    This supports interpreting Keturah as Hagar.

    This simple explanation answers the Rashbahs objection
    See footnote *13 for a summary

*13 See Midrash Rabbah 61:4. One Rabbi (see Maharzu, it is
    not clear who) expressed the opinion that Keturah is Hagar
    Immediately he got asked
    -- but she is called Keturah
    -- it says that Abraham gave gifts to the concubineS

    The answers are as given above
    -- Keturah = Hagar because she was as nice as incense(KTRTH)
    -- the concubineS refer to one concubine (Hagar) who
       could behave like multiple people

    If one looks at other paragraphs in Chapter 61 one sees
    that others held that Keturah and Hagar were distinct.
    There are also many rishonim who hold this way.

    Thus we see there are difficulties. Nevertheless it is
    a reasonable conjecture BECAUSE of Gn24-62 which says
    that Isaac went to Hagars town (Presumably to bring her
    back). Thus the Bottom line is that we should regard
    this Rashi as possible conjecture driven by Gn24-62.
    The conjecture requires reinterpretation of many verses.

RASHI RULE USED: OTHER VERSES

#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2001, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#

VERSE: Gn23-11a

BACKGROUND
----------
Gn23 discusses how Abraham purchased a burial plot from the
Chitites, from a person named Ephron

THE TEXT
--------
Abraham makes a request and Ephron says NO.

THE RASHI
---------
Abraham had made 3 request:
-- To deal with Ephron
-- To acquire his cave for burial
-- to pay FULL price
Thus Ephrons no could refer to either of these 3 requests.

Rashi points out that Ephrons NO refers to Abrahams request to
PAY. Ephron however

THE LIST
--------
The list below exhibits all verses and summarizes the dialogue

*1 Logically Ephrons NO could refer to EITHER of the preceding
   3 clauses. Ephron could be denying
   - denying Abraham the right to deal with him
   - denying the right to purchase
   - denying taking money (Vs a gift)
   Rashi points out that the NO refers to taking money.
   This is further confirmed by the next two verses

RASHI RULE USED: FILL-IN

#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2001, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#

#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2001, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#



          THE 6 RASHI RULE CLASSES(Version 3.2 Dec 15 2001)
                http://www.Rashiyomi.com/rules-01.htm
          Copyright Dec 2001, RashiYomi Inc. Dr Hendel President

========================================================
THE DICTIONARY RULE: Rashi can function as a dictionary.
                     He presents 2-6 meanings of words
         REFERENCE: http://www.RashiYomi.Com/words.htm
========================================================
* EXAMPLE 1: AL means ON. AL can also mean
      - WITH (Eat Passover WITH matzoh Ex12-09e)
      - IN   (Place the Matzoh IN the basket Ex29-03)
      - TO   (The boards shall be even from bottom TO top Ex26-24c)
      - NEAR (His borders will be NEAR Tzison Gn49-13b)
      - AFTER(Offer Peace offerings AFTER the daily Lv03-05a)

* EXAMPLE 2: KI means IF,PERHAPS,RATHER,BECAUSE,WHEN,THAT
   Gn18-15a Gn24-33a

* EXAMPLE 3: YDA means FAMILIAR, not KNOW (eg Dt34-10a)
	   eg Gn04-01 Adam was FAMILIAR with his wife

* EXAMPLE 4: ON THE FACE OF means DURING THE LIFETIME
            Nu03-04a Gn11-28a Ex20-03c Dt05-07a

===========================================================
THE GRAMMAR RULE: Rashi comments on RARE or SIMILAR usages
        REFERENCE:http://www.RashiYomi.Com/grammar.htm
===========================================================

* EXAMPLE 1: BA-ah means CAME;ba-AH means COMING(Gn46-26a)


* EXAMPLE 2:THE SENTENCE: 0.2% of Biblical sentences are 2verses
 -(Dt11-07:08) It was not your fathers who saw this;rather you

* EXAMPLE 3: Hitpael has different rules if 1st root letter is
   Tzade (USE: Ni-Tz-Ta-Dack not Ni-Th-Tza-Dack--Gn44-16a)

================================================================
THE CITATION RULE: Rashi enriches meaning by citing OTHER verses
         REFERENCE:http://www.RashiYomi.Com/other-20.htm
================================================================
* EXAMPLE 1: Dt26-05d We went down to Egypt with A FEW PEOPLE
	    ENRICHED by Gn46-27: We went down with 70 people

* EXAMPLE 2: Lv01-05a Non-priests may SLAUGHTER offerings
	    This law DERIVED from explicit statement in 2Chr30-17

* EXAMPLE 3:Why does Rashi say that Chur is Miriams son(Ex17-10b)
	    DERIVED from possible interpretation of 1-Chr18-19

* EXAMPLE 4: Gn35-22a Reuven Slept with Bilhah(Fathers concubine)
	    Gn49-04  Reuven PLAYED with fathers BEDS
        CONCLUSION: Reuven inteferred with fathers personal
	life(ruffled bedspreads); Bible condemns Reuven by
	exaggeration; he is accused of incest which he didnt do

=================================================================
THE 3 RABBI ISHMAEL RULES: They govern style(broad vs literal)
REFERENCE:http://www.RashiYomi.com/example1.htm thru example9.htm
=================================================================

* EXAMPLE 1: Simple sentences are always GENERALIZED
            ---------------------------------------
	    Dt25-04a Dont MUZZLE an OX while it is THRESHING
	    Rabbi Ishmael: Dont STOP any ANIMAL from eating
			   while DOING ITS WORK
					
* EXAMPLE 2: GENERAL-EXAMPLE style always interpreted LITERALLY
            --------------------------------------------------
 Nu05-12d (GENERAL) If a women DESECRATES her marriage
	   (EXAMPLE) and commits ADULTERY
	   Rabbi Ishmael: Nu05 only applies to ADULTERY.
	   It does not apply to other marriage DESECRATIONS
			
* EXAMPLE 3: GENERAL-EXAMPLE-GENERAL style intepreted SIMILARLY
            --------------------------------------------------
 Lv05-21b (GENERAL) If a man DENIES under oath
	  (EXAMPLE) ..denies a deposit,loan,theft,wages,lost item
	  (GENERAL) or ANY DENIAL which he denies
 RABBI ISHMAEL: These laws apply to any SIMILAR Example
 * The law applies to partnerships, movables and monetary objects
 * The law does not apply to real-estate or slander

=================================================================
THE CLIMAX RULE: The Bible should be interpreted in such a manner
                that it reflects CLIMACTIC development to a goal
             REFERENCE: http://www.RashiYomi.Com/example9.htm
=================================================================
 EXAMPLE 1: Dt19-11a If a man HATES, SPIES, CONFRONTS & KILLS
 RASHI: Bible identifies 4 stages to murder(Capped)

==============================================================
THE FORMATTING PRINCIPLE: Bible had its own method to mimic
                          bold, bullets, footnotes, paragraphs
==============================================================

* BOLD: Bible REPEATS words to obtain BOLD emphasis effect
          http://www.RashiYomi.Com/doubl-14.htm
  --------------------------------------------------------------
  EXAMPLE 1:(Ex12-09c) COOK COOK it in water (So COOKED is bold)
  INFERENCE: Prefered to COOK it in water;
         But COOK It at all costs(Even if you dont have water)

* BULLETS: Bible indicates bullets by REPEATING KEYWORDS
  --------------------------------------------------------
 Who am I
 - THAT I should go to Pharaoh
 - THAT I should take the Jews out of Egypt (Ex03-11a)
 --------------------------------------------------------
 RASHI: Repeated word THAT creates BULLET effect
 - Pharoh was a difficult king (Bullet one)
 - Jews were not yet ready for freedom (Bullet two)

* FOOTNOTES: The Bible indicates FOOTNOTES by ALMOST DUPLICATING
	     verses but making small minor changes
                http://www.RashiYomi.Com/align-58.htm
  ---------------------------------------------------------------
  EXAMPLE: Ex20-03a
  VERSE        PHRASE #1       PHRASE #2       PHRASE #3
  -------      ---------       ---------       ------------------
  Ex20-03      Dont            POSSESS  the gods of others
  Ex20-04      Dont            MAKE     idols

  RASHI: So both POSSESSion & MAKING of idols are prohibited
  ---------------------------------------------------------------

                           End of Rashi is Simple Digest

#*#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi, 2001 Inc. Dr. Hendel President #*#*#*#*#