*1 I promised to send HTML versions to several dozen of you
   I first have to make an email list. I will also unsubscribe
   you from Rashi is Simple so you get one email digest. This
   will be done Sunday. In the meantime you can read the HTML
   version on the web

*2 We present an interesting application of the Quine-McKluskey
   reduction algorithm to enrich understanding of Rabbi Ishmael

*3 We have from time to time advocated the 2 letter theory of
   Rashi-Rav Hirsch which derives the meaning of a 3 letter
   root from a decomosition into 1 and 2 letter roots. Here is
   an interesting set of Rashis that defends this point of view

*1 As explained in the introduction this verse has a GENERAL
   EXAMPLE GENERAL style and THEREFORE is interpreted by
   generalizing the examples to anything similar. In other
   words not just the rivers, canals and ponds became bloody
   but all bodys of water. To emphasize this interpretation I
   have inserted the elliptical words WHETHER, OR, EVEN
   -- all water bodies WHETHER rivers, OR canals OR ponds
   -- EVEN in wood and stone utensils

*2 As just indicated the verse is interpreted to mean that
   ALL Egyptian bodies of water became bloody. It is therefore
   tempting to say that Rashi inferred this generalization from
   the word ALL. This indeed is a support for Rashi. However
   Rashi learned this generalization (all bodies of water) BOTH
   from the word ALL and from the Rabbi Ishmael STYLE rule.*10

*3 Rashi interprets WOOD and STONE to mean WOOD and STONE
   UTENSILS. This applies the concept that words are named
   by what they are made of: e.g. GLASSES (for reading or
   drinking) are named by what they are made of. See the
   footnotes for a list and reference *11

*10 For a clarification of the 5 meanings of ALL visit either
    http://www.RashiYomi.Com/words.htm
    http://www.RashiYomi.com/all-18.htm

*11 The following list of items NAMES object by their SUBSTANCE
    -- that is by what they are made of. The LIST comes from
    http://www.RashiYomi.Com/naming-8.htm
    -----------------------------------------------------------
    (1)Linoleum refers to a linoleum
    (2) An Iron is made of iron & is used to Irons clothes
    (3) Plaster Binds materials
    (4) Glasses are a utensil made of glass that helps you see

    Hence we have the following Rashi
    (5) Ex01-16b The STONES were a BIRTHSTOOL made of STONES
    (6) Ex28-32b A DOUBLED garment means the HEM was folded over

    Consistent with this list would be
    (7) Ex07-19e WOOD and STONE refer to WOOD/STONE UTENSILS
    ------------------------------------------------------------

*1 Since two items alternate in NATURAL vs MAN-MADE
   Quine allows us to drop this attribute

*2 Similarly since  two items alternate in FROM-A-SOURCE
   vs CLOSE, Quine allows us to drop this attribute also

*3 The only attribute common to all 3 examples is WATER.
   Hence the Rashis that
   --------------------------------------------------
   The plague of BLOOD afflicted all bodies of water
   whether natural or man made whether closed or
   from a source---thus it even afflicted resevoirs
   and bottled water. (However it did not afflict
   milk or fruit juices)
   --------------------------------------------------

*1 ORVH can mean Vegetables as in 2C32-28. Thus YEOR, CANAL
   is something used to IRRIGATE VEGETABLES GARDENS.
   Roots beginning with YUD frequently have the same meaning
   as the roots composed of their last two letters. See *10

*2 We use here the Rashi-Rav-Hirsch theory that ALEPH in a
   root denotes either a THING, PLANT, ANIMAL, PERSON or
   else refers to INDIVIDUALITY. See *11 for examples.
   Thus AGAM, POND, is a THING where REEDS(GooMAH) Grow.
   Similarly ACHU, POND (or MARSH) is collection of
   PLANTS (ALEPH) BOUND (CHACH) TOGETHER.

*3 Both SooF and GooMaH mean REEDS. Their roots S-F and G-M
   both mean to ADD. A REED is a plant whose design allows
   it to ADD water. The fact that SooF can simultaneously
   mean REED and POND supports the idea that AGAM from
   GAM meaning REED, can also mean POND.

*4 Rashi translates all 4 verses the same. He explains that
   --------------------------------------------------------
   A pond is a still body of water WHERE REEDS GROW(Ex13-18b)
   --------------------------------------------------------
   This Rashi explicitly connects POND with REED-GROWTH
   and justifies our etymologies which connect POND with
   REED GROWTH. Perhaps the translation MARSH is a good
   alternative to POND.

*10 This list of Roots beginning with YUD that have the same
    meaning as the Last two letters of the Root comes from
    http://www.RashiYomi.Com/h2n25.htm

 ---------------------------------------------------------------
 ROOT1 ROOT2 MEANING     RDQs STATEMENT OF EQUAL MEANING    NOTE
 ----- ----- ----------- -------------------------------    ----
 YAL   ALH   Curse/swear YAL and ALH have similar meaning    *a
 YZM   ZMM   Plot        The meanings of YZM ZMM are equal   *a
 YTV   TOV   GOOD        Two Roots with one meaning          *a
 YAZ   AZZ   Brazen      YAZ AZZ have the same meaning       *a
 YAT   ATH   Enwrap      YAT ATH have the same meaning       *a
 YShM  ShMM  Destroyed   YShM has a meaning of ShMMaH        *a
 YAV   AVH   Desire                                          *b
 YGR   GOR   Fear                                            *b
 YZN   ZON   Weapons                                         *b
 YLCh  HLCh  Walk                                            *c
 YChD  EChD  Unique/One                                      *c
 YRA   RAH   SEE/REVERE                                      *c
 YShN  ShNH  OLD/REPEAT                                      *c

 NOTES
 -----
 *a The RDQ explicitly says the two roots have the same meaning
 *b The RDQ translates each root the same way (but does not
   explicitly connect them
 *c The two roots do not have identical meanings but do have
   similar meanings. Thus something UNIQUE is ONE of a kind.
   Similarly to REVERE someone is to constantly see him/her
   before you in your mind (cause-effect). Similarly a person
   (or object) becomes WORN OUT by REPEATED USE.
 ---------------------------------------------------------------

*11 Rashi and Rav Hirsch explained that an Aleph in a root means
    THING, PLANT, ANIMAL, PERSON or else refers to the abstract
    concept of INDIVIDUALITY. For example A-GL means DROPLET
    which Rashi explains as a THING (ALEPH) that is ROUND(GLGL)
    Rashi presented this theory on Job38-28. Rav Hirsch
    presented this theory on Dt06-04

   We present a few examples here where ALEPH means THING
   ----------------------------------------------------------
   WORD      MEANS        ALEPH          THAT
   --------  -----------  -------------  --------------------
   E-V-N     STONE        A thing        you BUILD(BN)with
   E-G-L     Droplet      A thing        that is ROUND(GL)
   A-G-M     Marsh/Pond   A thing        where REEDS(gm)Grow
   O-P-N     Wheel        A thing        that TURNS(PN)
   A-F-R     Dust         A thing        that is CRUSHED(PR)
   A-Chu     Marsh/Pond   Plants(Reeds)  bound together(CHAC)
   ----------------------------------------------------------

   The charming etymology of A-CHu as a Marsh where REEDS
   exist in BROTHERHOOD is presented by Rav Hirsch on Gn41-02