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Surfing the Talmudic Seas
(C) RashiYomi Incorporated, 2002
Written by Dr Russell Jay Hendel
Volume 15 Number 11
For the WORD QUALITY HTML VERSION click here
-----------------------------------
http://www.Rashiyomi.com/h15n11.htm
Produced Sep 12th, 2002
WARNING: USE FIX WIDTH FONTS (eg COURIER (NEW) 10)
SURVEY |
We have completed 1/3 of all Rashis. Occasional feedback
is useful in improving the features of Rashi is Simple
I will display this survey for 2 weeks. It is modeled
after a Harvard study.
Responses are requested but optional
(Simply type answers and either
hit REPLY or cut,paste & send back to RJHendel@Juno.com) |
QUESTION about Rashi is Simple | YOUR RESPONSE |
What do you like MOST | |
What do you like LEAST | |
What is most needed to improve | |
------------------------------ | |
Kindly rate each section | |
Use 1(Best) to 5 (Worse) | |
------------------------------ | |
BRIEF RASHI EXPLANATION | |
TODAYS RASHI RULE | |
DESCRIPTION OF RULE | |
STANDARD EXAMPLE | |
USING FOR SCHOOL USE | |
TODAYS LIST | |
THE TABLE | |
THE NOTES | |
THE LONG FOOTNOTES | |
OVERVIEW OF HILIGHTS IN THIS ISSUE |
Whats new and hot in this issue? |
ITEM | WHATS NEW & HOT IN THIS ISSUE |
WORKBOOK | A workbook with all Rashi skill competencies*2 |
HAPPY NU YEAR | HAPPY NEW YEAR MESSAGE*3 |
QUESTION | Corrupt Rashi text at Dt33-27---MEONAH |
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| |
COMMENTS |
*2 Over the next year or so we will be writing modules for
the 2-4 dozen basic Rashi skill competencies needed for
learning Rashi. These modules will then be gathered into
a workbook which can be used at home or in schools In
the meantime each of these modules is usable in actual
schools or home-schooling situations.
*3 Hi. Instead of writing personally & individually
to each of my friends, most of which are on Rashi
is Simple, I am simply wishing you all a very....
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Russell http://www.RashiYomi.com/
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|
Rashis covered in this issue |
|
VERSE | RULE | BRIEF DESCRIPTION |
======== | =============== | ======================================== |
Dt34-08a | MULTIPLE | MULTIPLE-ALIGNMENT-SPECIAL WORDS |
Dt33-27d | GRAMMAR | SUFFIX HEY=a)INTENSE,b)ALOT OF,c)EXTENT |
Dt34-12c | OTHER VERSES | Further details come from other verses |
Dt33-29c | OTHER VERSES | Further details come from other verses |
Dt33-29d | OTHER VERSES | Further details come from other verses |
--------- | ---------------- | ---------------------------------------- |
#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2002, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
VERSE: v091202a
Dt33-27 MEONAH |
|
EMAIL ITEM | DETAILS |
FROM-- | ANONYMOUS |
TO-- | rjhendel@juno.com |
SUBJECT-- | RE Deriving 39 Melacoth |
DATE-- | Fri, 6 Aug 1999 |
| |
COMMENTS |
QUESTION
-----------
Hi. Rashi on Dt33-27 suggests that
-- MeONah comes from MaON with a hey
-- the HEY is like the SUFFIX meaning TO
But
-- the translation TO HIS HOME does not make sense
in this verse
-- Every other place where the SUFFIX-HEY=TO occurs
the accent is on the next to last syllable while
here it is on the last syllable.
Anonymous
LONGER FOOTNOTES |
ANSWER
-------
Dear Anonymous,
This is completely answered in
http://www.RashiYomi.com/dt33-27a.htm
Briefly I suggest that
- our current Rashi text is CORRUPT
- the correct explanation of Rashi is that the suffix
HEY in Dt33-27 is the the FEMININE HEY which can
indicate a) EXTENSION, b) GREAT QUANTITY, c) INTENSITY
Hence Maon means DWELLING while MeONaH means HOME (an
intense form of dwelling). Sorry to take 3 years to
answer this question...the list for it is below.
Sincerely
Russell Jay Hendel; http://www.Rashiyomi.com/
| |
#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2002, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
VERSE: Dt34-08a
MOURNING of MOSES/AARON |
VERY BRIEF SUMMARY
------------------
Rashi aligns two verses one dealing with the death of Moses
and the other dealing with the death of Aaron.
--- MOSES: --- the CHILDREN of Israel mourned him
--- AARON: ALL the HOUSE of Israel mourned him
The word HOUSE seems more inclusive then the word CHILDREN
which literally means MALE children. Similarly the word ALL
denotes EXTENSION. So Rashi-is-Simple: Aaron was mourned
by BOTH men and women while Moses was only mourned by the
men (The reason being that Moses was the lawgiver and had
to act tough while Aaron as Priest brought peace to people)
-----------------------------------------
RASHI RULE USED: WORD MEANINGS
RASHI SUBRULE USED: SPECIAL WORDS-ALL
-----------------------------------------
---------------------------------
RASHI RULE USED: ALIGNMENT
RASHI SUBRULE USED: NUANCES
---------------------------------
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF RULE
-------------------------
Rashi explains meaning the same way a dictionary does.
Certain frequently occuring words (FOW) have several distinct
meanings. Thus words like USUALLY, ALSO, ALL, BECAUSE have
several usages. Rashis job is to explain these usages. The
word ALL is the source of about 1-2% of all Rashis. It has
4 distinct usages.
STANDARD REFERENCE FOR THIS RULE
--------------------------------
http://www.RashiYomi.com/all-18.htm
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF RULE
-------------------------
Just as meaning can be inferred from the DICTIONARY, from
GRAMMAR, from CROSS REFERENCES and from STYLE so too
meaning can be inferred from the ALIGNMENT of two verses
that are identical except for certain minor differences.
The minor differences can frquently indicate nunaces of
meaning--because the verses differ in these minor differences
therefore the nuances appear as intended by the Author.
TODAYS LIST
-----------
We align the two verses as shown above. |
VERSE | PHRASE1 | PHRASE2 | PHRASE3 |
Dt34-08a | & They mourned MOSES; | | The CHILDREN of Israel |
Nu20-29 | & They mourned AARON; | ALL | The HOUSE of Israel |
Differs | *1 | *2 | *3 |
| | | |
COMMENTS |
*1 One verse refers to mourning on Aaron while
the other verse refers to mourning on Moses
*2 See http://www.RashiYomi.com/all-18.htm
ALL has 4 meanings--a) WHOLE, b) NO EXCEPTIONS
c) ALL SUBGROUPS d) EVEN BORDERLINE CASES
Here the word ALL refers to all subgroups: MALE
& FEMALE
*3 The usual term for the Jews is the CHILDREN OF
ISRAEL. Since these 2 verses contrast HOUSE of ISRAEL
with CIHLDREN OF ISRAEL we infer the nuance that
HOUSE OF ISRAEL includes the WOMAN while CHILDREN
OF ISRAEL just refers to the men
Rashi further defends this distinction as reasonable:
-Moses was a lawgiver and had to act tough
-Aaron was a Priest and frequently tried to bring peace
between couples -- Hence everyone mourned him.
|
RASHI RULE USED: MULTIPLE-ALIGNMENT-SPECIAL WORDS
#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2002, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
VERSE: Dt33-27d
MeOnAh means Home |
Dt33-27d MeOn:MeONaH::Dwelling::Home
VERY BRIEF SUMMARY
------------------
In Hebrew you can place a HEY as a suffix
to any word. The new word with the HEY then
indicates either
(a) ALOT OF eg. N-G-F=Attack; M-G-F-H=plague
(b) EXTENSIONS: eg Tz-D-K=justice;TzDKH=Charity
(c) PERMANANCE:eg MeON=Dwelling;MeONah=Home
The list below displays examples of this
principle. A standard simple example is the
feminine grammatical form: Thus MLCh=King while
MLChH=The QUEEN whose power extends the Kings.
----------------------------------------
TODAYS RASHI RULE: GRAMMAR
TODAYS RASHI SUBRULE: GENDER
----------------------------------------
STANDARD REFERENCES FOR THIS RULE
---------------------------------
The 6 Rashi rule classes
http://www.RashiYomi.com/rules-01.htm
The RashiYomi grammar page
http://www.Rashiyomi.com/grammar.htm
TODAYS LIST
-----------
Examples of the SUFFIX-FEMININE HEY are
presented. Note that our explanation deviates
from the Rashi text that we have |
ROOT | MEANING | MEANING WITH HEY |
N-G-F | Attack | Plague*1 |
Y-A-D | To Meet | Congregation*2 |
R-C-V | To Ride | Chariot*3 |
---------- | ---------------- | ------------------- |
A-D-M | Man | Cultivated Land*4 |
Tz-D-K | Justice | Charity*5 |
M-L-Ch | King | Queen*6 |
---------- | ---------------- | ------------------- |
N-T-N | To Give | The Gift*7 |
P-L-L | To Bless | The Blessing*8 |
Me-On | Dwelling/Cave | Home/Lair*9 |
| | |
COMMENTS |
*1 ATTACK could denote just ONE attack, while
a PLAGUE denotes ALOT OF ATTACKS
*2 To MEET could denote one meeting while CONGREGATION
indicates ALOT OF MEETINGS at one time
*3 TO RIDE could denote one ride on a horse;
A CHARIOT describes a utensil designed for
ALOT OF RIDING
*4 The word E-R-Tz denotes LAND. By contrast
A-D-M-H denotes HUMAN LAND--that is
CULTIVATED LAND. Thus ADAMAH indicates
the EFFECTS and EXTENSION of man.
*5 Tz-D-K indicates JUSTICE. CHARITY can
be perceived as an EXTENSION of Justice
Giving someone something they deserve
but cant legally claim
*6 The QUEENs power is an EXTENSION
of the Kings power
*7 Any object can be given; But a GIFT
is a something specially wrapped--
something the recipient will always
perceive as being given--it is more
PERMANANT.
*8 You can wish anyone well; but a BLESSING
--like MAY GOD PLACE YOU LIKE EPHRAIM &
MENASHEH--is a more PERMANANT FIXED
structure
*9 The Me-On denotes either a LION-CAVE
or a DWELLING. The Me-O-Nah is a
more permanant form of this--it could
indicate the more PERMANANT LAIR of the
LION or it could indicate not just a
dwelling but a PERMANANT home
LONGER FOOTNOTES |
*10 Our actual Rashi text reads as follows
-------------------------------------
A suffix HEY can be used to indicate
the preposition TO. Thus MITZRAYIM
means EGYPT while MITZRAYMAH means
TO EGYPT
-------------------------------------
This question was raised to be by
a fellow actuary and baal koray in
Baltimore (Who wishes to remain
anonymous).
One obvious objection to the Rashi is
that it is inconsistent with the
meaning of the text.
But a more serious objection to Rashi
is that in every instance where the
above Rashi rule is used the
word is pronounced with accent on
the next to last syllable while in
Dt33-27d the accent is on the last
syllable.
I believe this argument of accent
conclusively proves that Rashi could
not have possibly held this opinion
since Rashi is one of the few
commentators that distinguishes meaning
based on accent.
The correct interpretation of Rashi
is therefore based on an the SUFFIX
HEY rule we enunciated above.
Some people have taken me to task
for not FIRST checking out Rashi
manuscripts. Well that certainly
is a welcome and proper procedure
But my point is that the LISTS
showing on the one hand the absurdity
of the present Rashi text and on the
other hand the cogency of the proposed
Rashi text have intrinsic validty in
and of themselves. The interesting
question of whether we should require
an additional check against manuscripts
is a separate issue (Which we do not
go into here on this list)
| |
RASHI RULE USED: GRAMMAR
#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2002, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
VERSE: Dt34-12c
RASHIS COVERED: Dt34-12c Dt33-29c Dt33-29d
OTHER VERSES-SUPPORT |
VERY BRIEF SUMMARY
------------------
There are 6 major Rashi methods. The DICTIONARY METHOD where
Rashi explains meaning of words & the GRAMMAR METHOD where
Rashi explains verses by GRAMMAR are obvious. In the
OTHER VERSE method Rashi illumines the verse using OTHER VERSES.
-Dt34-12c states Moses did awesome things to eyes of ALL ISRAEL
Dt09-17 gives the details: Moses broke tablets to ALL ISRAEL
-Dt33-29c states that Jewish enemies will deny and FALSIFY
Jos09-09 explains:Givonim DISGUISED themselves to get treaty
-Dt33-29d states that Jews step on HIGH.
Js10-10 explains HIGH=LEADERS(Js10-10 Jews step on leaders)
---------------------------------------
TODAYS RASHI RULE: OTHER VERSES
TODAYS RASHI SUBRULE: FURTHER DETAILS
---------------------------------------
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE RULE and SUBRULE
-----------------------------------------
The rule of OTHER VERSES simply means that Rashi
is explaining one verse by citing an OTHER VERSE
One way of doing this is to cross reference a
verse that speaks about the SAME topic but gives
FURTHER details.
STANDARD EXAMPLE
----------------
The following example comes from the Passover
Hagaddah
Dt26-05 states that
-------------------------------
With only a FEW PEOPLE did the
Jews go down to Egypt
-------------------------------
FURTHER DETAILS on the meaning of
the Biblical phrase FEW PEOPLE is
provided in Gn46.
EXERCISE:
---------
Before reading the Rashi try reading
Gn46 yourself and see if you can
discover the further details.
RASHIS SOLUTION
---------------
Rashi cites Gn46-27
-----------------------------
The total number of people who
came with Jacob to Egypt is 70
-----------------------------
Thus the Rashi method of OTHER VERSES
in this case has explained to us that
the FEW PEOPLE that went down to
Egypt refers to SEVENTY people
STANDARD REFERENCES FOR THIS RULE
---------------------------------
http://www.Rashiyomi.com/other-20.htm
HOW TO USE THESE LISTS FOR SCHOOL PROJECTS
------------------------------------------
You can use the LIST below for school projects.
Here is how, if you are a teacher then you
can present the verse in the first column
(eg Dt26-05) and the CHAPTER (but not the verse)
in the 3rd column---e.g. Gn46.
The student is then instructed to discover
the further details. The students solution
can then be compared with Rashis.
TODAYS EXAMPLE
--------------
We give the OTHER VERSES supporting 3 verses in the
blessings mentioned in Dt33 and Dt34. |
VERSE-1 | TEXT OF VERSE | VERSE-2 FURTHER DETAILS |
Dt34-12c | Wonders to Jews | Dt09-17 Broke tablets*10 |
Dt33-29c | Enemies falsify | Js09-09 Givonim hide identity*1 |
Dt33-29d | Jews step on high | Js10-10 Jews step on conquered kings*2 |
| | |
| | |
COMMENTS |
*1 Recall that the Givonim impersonated themselves
so as to fall Joshua into making a treaty with
them. Thus the phrase YOUR ENEMIES WILL FALSIFY
THEMSELVES is a blessing that the enemies will
fear the Jews.
*2 So the other verses JEWS STEP ON THE NECKS OF THE
CONQUERED KINGS clarifies the word HIGH in Moses
blessing AND YOU WILL STEP ON THE HIGH PLACES
HIGH PLACES is a metaphor referring to the HIGH
PEOPLE OF SOCIETY (The TOP or HEADS--the leaders)
-------------------------------------------
*10 Rashi makes a pun on Ex34-01 or Dt10-02
and quotes God as saying
---------------------------------------
Congratulations on breaking the tablets
---------------------------------------
But Rashi did not derive the fact that
God approved of breaking the tablets
from a pun on Ex34-01 and Dt10-02
Rather we derive Gods approval of Moses
breaking the tablets from the EXPLICIT
command to PLACE THE BROKEN TABLETS IN
THE ARK.
Thus God explicitly commanded to commemorate
the breaking of the tablets. It is this explicit
command that shows that God approved of the
breaking.
|
RASHI RULE USED: OTHER VERSES
#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2002, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
THE 6 RASHI RULE CLASSES(Version 3.2 Dec 15 2001)
http://www.Rashiyomi.com/rules-01.htm
Copyright Dec 2001, RashiYomi Inc. Dr Hendel President
========================================================
THE DICTIONARY RULE: Rashi can function as a dictionary.
He presents 2-6 meanings of words
REFERENCE: http://www.RashiYomi.Com/words.htm
========================================================
* EXAMPLE 1: AL means ON. AL can also mean
- WITH (Eat Passover WITH matzoh Ex12-09e)
- IN (Place the Matzoh IN the basket Ex29-03)
- TO (The boards shall be even from bottom TO top Ex26-24c)
- NEAR (His borders will be NEAR Tzison Gn49-13b)
- AFTER(Offer Peace offerings AFTER the daily Lv03-05a)
* EXAMPLE 2: KI means IF,PERHAPS,RATHER,BECAUSE,WHEN,THAT
Gn18-15a Gn24-33a
* EXAMPLE 3: YDA means FAMILIAR, not KNOW (eg Dt34-10a)
eg Gn04-01 Adam was FAMILIAR with his wife
* EXAMPLE 4: ON THE FACE OF means DURING THE LIFETIME
Nu03-04a Gn11-28a Ex20-03c Dt05-07a
===========================================================
THE GRAMMAR RULE: Rashi comments on RARE or SIMILAR usages
REFERENCE:http://www.RashiYomi.Com/grammar.htm
===========================================================
* EXAMPLE 1: BA-ah means CAME;ba-AH means COMING(Gn46-26a)
* EXAMPLE 2:THE SENTENCE: 0.2% of Biblical sentences are 2verses
-(Dt11-07:08) It was not your fathers who saw this;rather you
* EXAMPLE 3: Hitpael has different rules if 1st root letter is
Tzade (USE: Ni-Tz-Ta-Dack not Ni-Th-Tza-Dack--Gn44-16a)
================================================================
THE CITATION RULE: Rashi enriches meaning by citing OTHER verses
REFERENCE:http://www.RashiYomi.Com/other-20.htm
================================================================
* EXAMPLE 1: Dt26-05d We went down to Egypt with A FEW PEOPLE
ENRICHED by Gn46-27: We went down with 70 people
* EXAMPLE 2: Lv01-05a Non-priests may SLAUGHTER offerings
This law DERIVED from explicit statement in 2Chr30-17
* EXAMPLE 3:Why does Rashi say that Chur is Miriams son(Ex17-10b)
DERIVED from possible interpretation of 1-Chr18-19
* EXAMPLE 4: Gn35-22a Reuven Slept with Bilhah(Fathers concubine)
Gn49-04 Reuven PLAYED with fathers BEDS
CONCLUSION: Reuven inteferred with fathers personal
life(ruffled bedspreads); Bible condemns Reuven by
exaggeration; he is accused of incest which he didnt do
=================================================================
THE 3 RABBI ISHMAEL RULES: They govern style(broad vs literal)
REFERENCE:http://www.RashiYomi.com/example1.htm thru example9.htm
=================================================================
* EXAMPLE 1: Simple sentences are always GENERALIZED
---------------------------------------
Dt25-04a Dont MUZZLE an OX while it is THRESHING
Rabbi Ishmael: Dont STOP any ANIMAL from eating
while DOING ITS WORK
* EXAMPLE 2: GENERAL-EXAMPLE style always interpreted LITERALLY
--------------------------------------------------
Nu05-12d (GENERAL) If a women DESECRATES her marriage
(EXAMPLE) and commits ADULTERY
Rabbi Ishmael: Nu05 only applies to ADULTERY.
It does not apply to other marriage DESECRATIONS
* EXAMPLE 3: GENERAL-EXAMPLE-GENERAL style intepreted SIMILARLY
--------------------------------------------------
Lv05-21b (GENERAL) If a man DENIES under oath
(EXAMPLE) ..denies a deposit,loan,theft,wages,lost item
(GENERAL) or ANY DENIAL which he denies
RABBI ISHMAEL: These laws apply to any SIMILAR Example
* The law applies to partnerships, movables and monetary objects
* The law does not apply to real-estate or slander
=================================================================
THE CLIMAX RULE: The Bible should be interpreted in such a manner
that it reflects CLIMACTIC development to a goal
REFERENCE: http://www.RashiYomi.Com/example9.htm
=================================================================
EXAMPLE 1: Dt19-11a If a man HATES, SPIES, CONFRONTS & KILLS
RASHI: Bible identifies 4 stages to murder(Capped)
==============================================================
THE FORMATTING PRINCIPLE: Bible had its own method to mimic
bold, bullets, footnotes, paragraphs
==============================================================
* BOLD: Bible REPEATS words to obtain BOLD emphasis effect
http://www.RashiYomi.Com/doubl-14.htm
--------------------------------------------------------------
EXAMPLE 1:(Ex12-09c) COOK COOK it in water (So COOKED is bold)
INFERENCE: Prefered to COOK it in water;
But COOK It at all costs(Even if you dont have water)
* BULLETS: Bible indicates bullets by REPEATING KEYWORDS
--------------------------------------------------------
Who am I
- THAT I should go to Pharaoh
- THAT I should take the Jews out of Egypt (Ex03-11a)
--------------------------------------------------------
RASHI: Repeated word THAT creates BULLET effect
- Pharoh was a difficult king (Bullet one)
- Jews were not yet ready for freedom (Bullet two)
* FOOTNOTES: The Bible indicates FOOTNOTES by ALMOST DUPLICATING
verses but making small minor changes
http://www.RashiYomi.Com/align-58.htm
---------------------------------------------------------------
EXAMPLE: Ex20-03a
VERSE PHRASE #1 PHRASE #2 PHRASE #3
------- --------- --------- ------------------
Ex20-03 Dont POSSESS the gods of others
Ex20-04 Dont MAKE idols
RASHI: So both POSSESSion & MAKING of idols are prohibited
---------------------------------------------------------------
End of Rashi is Simple Digest
|
#*#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi, 2001 Inc. Dr. Hendel President #*#*#*#*#