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               (C) RashiYomi Incorporated, 2002
               Written by Dr Russell Jay Hendel

                     Volume 16 Number 3
          For the WORD QUALITY HTML VERSION click here
               -----------------------------------
               http://www.Rashiyomi.com/h16n3.htm

                     Produced Nov 20, 2002

       WARNING: USE FIX WIDTH FONTS (eg COURIER (NEW) 10)

Whats new and hot in this issue?

*1 Over the next year or so we will be writing modules for
   the 2-4 dozen basic Rashi skill competencies needed for
   learning Rashi. These modules will then be gathered into
   a workbook which can be used at home or in schools In
   the meantime each of these modules is usable in actual
   schools or home-schooling situations.

#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2002, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#

VERSE: Gn32-11a

RASHIS COVERED: Gn32-11a Gn32-11b Gn32-07a Gn32-12a

RASHIS COVERED: Gn32-11a The Bible indicates BULLETS using
Gn32-07a repeated keywords
Gn32-11b

VERY BRIEF SUMMARY
------------------
The Bible mimics modern bulleting techniques by repeating
keywords. In this way emphasis is created.Here are 2 examples
-- Gn32-11a (Jacob) God I am not worthy of
--     -ALL your kindness and
--     -ALL your truth
-- Gn32-07a We (Jacobs messengers) have come
--     -TO your BROTHER
--     -TO Esauv
In each case a BULLET like atmosphere is created indicating
a double emphasis (Kindness AND truth or brother AND Esauv)

---------------------------------------
TODAYS RASHI RULE:    TYPING TECHNIQUES
TODAYS RASHI SUBRULE: BULLETS
---------------------------------------

BRIED DESCRIPTION OF RULE and SUBRULE
-------------------------------------
A modern typist has a rich variety of techniques to
indicate emphasis. Among these techniques are such
methods as
- BOLD, ITALICS, UNDERLINES
- PARAGRAPHS
- BULLETING
- TABLES

The Bible did not implement these typing techniques
the same way modern typists do. Instead the Bible had
special methods of indicating these techniques.

The Bible implemented a BULLET STRUCTURE by using a
REPEATED KEYWORD

STANDARD EXAMPLE
----------------
Todays verse serves as a good example.
-- Gn32-11a (Jacob) God I am not worthy of
--     -ALL your kindness and
--     -ALL your truth

EXERCISE
--------
Notice the repeated keyword. Here is the exercise.
Rewrite this verse in modern BULLET notation using
either bullets or else the repeated keyword. The
solution is immediately presented below.


RASHIS SOLUTION
---------------
Gn32-11a (Bullet style using repeated words)
-- Gn32-11a (Jacob) God I am not worthy of
--     -ALL your kindness and
--     -ALL your truth


Gn32-11a (Bullet style using bullets)
-- Gn32-11a (Jacob) God I am not worthy of all
--     **** your kindness and
--     **** your truth

The bullets create an atmosphere of emphasis. TWO
points are being emphasized. Without the bullets I
would assume the Torah is using a conversational style:
I would assume they are talking about Kindness-truth

Since the bullets emphasize TWONESS we conclude that
God had done two things for Jacob. This is detailed
below in the footnotes

STANDARD REFERENCES FOR THIS RULE
---------------------------------
http://www.Rashiyomi.com/rules-01.htm (See the last 2 pages)
http://www.Rashiyomi.com/database.htm (See Section 9)


TODAYS EXAMPLE
--------------
We compare verses with KINDNESS & TRUTH. In the 1st 3
verses the keyword ALL or ON is repeated creating a bullet
atmospere

*1 An example of Gods TRUTH to Jacob would be the fulfillment
   of Gods promise to return him to his homeland from Laban
   Gn28-15

   An example of Gods KINDNESS to Jacob would be preventing
   from letting Esauv overtaking Jacob for any sins Jacob
   committed during his stay with his crooked father-in-law
   (Gn27-28:46)

We list verses with BROTHER. In the Top verse
the word TO is repeated creating a bullet atmosphere

*1 An example of Esauvs BROTHERLINESS would be his
   wanting Isaac to confer on his Gods blessings (Gn27-38)

   An example of Esauvs ESAUVNESS (HATRED) would be
   his desire to kill Jacob (Gn27-42)

*2 The BULLET form would read
   --Milcah gave children TO Nachor TO your BROTHER

*3 The bulleted form would read
    -- BEHOLD your BROTHER,
    -- BEHOLD Esauv-wants to kill you

*4 The Bulleted form would read
   WHERE is HEVEL, WHERE is your brother

RASHI RULE USED: BULLETS

#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2002, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#

VERSE: Gn32-23b

RASHIS COVERED: Gn32-23b Gn32-25b

VERY BRIEF SUMMARY
------------------
Frequently we learn meaning from CONTEXT. Thus Gn32-25b reads
- and a man was AVAK with Jacob till morning---LET ME GO, he said
The CONTEXT shows that AVAK means some type of FIGHTING
But the Hebrew root AVAK also means DUST. As the LIST below shows
all roots ending in BK refer to some type of ENCIRCLEMENT. Hence
Rashi ingeniously COMBINES a) the context meaning--FIGHTING and
b) the root meaning-DUST.Rashi suggests that AVAK means WRESTLING
WRESTLING combines FIGHTING with ROLLING AROUND IN THE DIRT
Here Rashi shows his ingenuity in combining disparate sources.
Similarly Rashi would translate YBK as an ENCIRCLING River

------------------------------------------------
TODAYS RASHI RULE                 WORD MEANINGS
TODAYS RASHI SUBRULE              NAMING METHODS
------------------------------------------------

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF RASHI RULE
-------------------------------
One of Rashis 6 main goals is to explain meaning the same way
a dictionary does.  Rashi has a variety of methods for
explaining meaning including
- inference from context
- other meanings of a given root
- meanings of similar roots (2 letter meaning theory)
In fact Rashi has a dozen methods of inferring meaning.

I have frequently explained that while Rashi **does** believe in
the 3 letter root conjugation theory he also believed in the
2 letter root meaning theory--that is he believed that the
meaning of each 3 letter root can be inferred from a combination
of its last 2 letters and the meaning of its first letter
An example is presented below

STANDARD REFERENCES FOR TODAYS RASHI RULE
-----------------------------------------
- The 6 Rashi goals
http://www.RashiYomi.com/rules-01.htm
- The RashiYomi dictionary
http://www.Rashiyomi.com/words.htm
- 13 methods of inferring meaning
http://www.Rashiyomi.com/means-32.htm
- The RashiYomi calendar: The MEANS theory was presented Jul 2001
http://www.Rashiyomi.com/calendar1.htm

TODAYS LIST
-----------
We list the 7 roots ending in Beth-Kuph. We show that all of
them mean some type of ENCIRCLEMENT. Thus CBK(hugging) refers to
PEOPLE encircling each other; a RVK (barn) refers to a close
space encircling ANIMALS; a BKBK(Bottle) refers to the
encirclement of ITEMS or LIQUID. From this list we infer that
AVK refers not just to FIGHTING but to VIGOROUS WRESTLING where
the wrestlers ROLL IN THE DUST. Similarly YBK would not just be
a river but an ENCIRCLING RIVER. Here is the list

*1 Rashi explains that the RVK was a CLOSED SPACE set aside
   for FATTENING calves (It could be a BARN or any other set
   aside space)

*2 Rashi of course was using the method of OTHER VERSES
   From the 2 OTHER VERSES in the above list we infer that
   YABOK was the name of a River.

   But using the above list we can also ifer that YABOK
   refers to some type of ENCIRCLEMENT. Combining the
   concepts of RIVER and ENCIRCLEMENT we naturally arive at
   the concept of a WINDING river ENCIRCLING land.

*3 The Traditional explanation of BKBK is onamanopoetic
   (bk bk bk sounds like an emptying bottle). By contrast
   the above list is profound and deep emphasizing underling
   deep structures of meaning. A BOTTLE encircles LIQUID the
   same way HUGGERS encircle EACH OTHER or BARNS encircle ANIMALS

*4 This word is Aramaic but still could fit into the above list
   RVK would refer to the ENCIRCLING the roots by SOIL (So when
   a tree is cut to SVK the tree means to LEAVE ITS ROOT in
   the ground)

*5 The root D-V-K means PASTE, CLINGING and OVERTAKING. The
   common denominator is a TOTAL encirclement at all points
   of contact. Thus the OVERTAKER COMPLETELY encircles the
   person; the CLINGER is completely encircled by that which
   he clings to.

*6 AVK
   - means DUST.
   - But because it is in this list we know it means ENCIRCLEMENT
   - From Gn32-25 we infer that it means FIGHTING

   Rashi in fact cites different grammarians and translations
   each echoing one of the above themes. Rashis genious lies
   in combining these meanings all together--Rashi suggests
   - AVK means WRESTLING--rolling around in the DUST

   A Rashi like this shows us the rich dynamic nature of
   word translation. Contrary to common belief, translation is
   not a passive routine activity but rather a challenging
   activity involving the search for nuances

RASHI RULE USED: WORD MEANINGS

#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2002, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#



          THE 6 RASHI RULE CLASSES(Version 3.2 Dec 15 2001)
                http://www.Rashiyomi.com/rules-01.htm
          Copyright Dec 2001, RashiYomi Inc. Dr Hendel President

========================================================
THE DICTIONARY RULE: Rashi can function as a dictionary.
                     He presents 2-6 meanings of words
         REFERENCE: http://www.RashiYomi.Com/words.htm
========================================================
* EXAMPLE 1: AL means ON. AL can also mean
      - WITH (Eat Passover WITH matzoh Ex12-09e)
      - IN   (Place the Matzoh IN the basket Ex29-03)
      - TO   (The boards shall be even from bottom TO top Ex26-24c)
      - NEAR (His borders will be NEAR Tzison Gn49-13b)
      - AFTER(Offer Peace offerings AFTER the daily Lv03-05a)

* EXAMPLE 2: KI means IF,PERHAPS,RATHER,BECAUSE,WHEN,THAT
   Gn18-15a Gn24-33a

* EXAMPLE 3: YDA means FAMILIAR, not KNOW (eg Dt34-10a)
	   eg Gn04-01 Adam was FAMILIAR with his wife

* EXAMPLE 4: ON THE FACE OF means DURING THE LIFETIME
            Nu03-04a Gn11-28a Ex20-03c Dt05-07a

===========================================================
THE GRAMMAR RULE: Rashi comments on RARE or SIMILAR usages
        REFERENCE:http://www.RashiYomi.Com/grammar.htm
===========================================================

* EXAMPLE 1: BA-ah means CAME;ba-AH means COMING(Gn46-26a)


* EXAMPLE 2:THE SENTENCE: 0.2% of Biblical sentences are 2verses
 -(Dt11-07:08) It was not your fathers who saw this;rather you

* EXAMPLE 3: Hitpael has different rules if 1st root letter is
   Tzade (USE: Ni-Tz-Ta-Dack not Ni-Th-Tza-Dack--Gn44-16a)

================================================================
THE CITATION RULE: Rashi enriches meaning by citing OTHER verses
         REFERENCE:http://www.RashiYomi.Com/other-20.htm
================================================================
* EXAMPLE 1: Dt26-05d We went down to Egypt with A FEW PEOPLE
	    ENRICHED by Gn46-27: We went down with 70 people

* EXAMPLE 2: Lv01-05a Non-priests may SLAUGHTER offerings
	    This law DERIVED from explicit statement in 2Chr30-17

* EXAMPLE 3:Why does Rashi say that Chur is Miriams son(Ex17-10b)
	    DERIVED from possible interpretation of 1-Chr18-19

* EXAMPLE 4: Gn35-22a Reuven Slept with Bilhah(Fathers concubine)
	    Gn49-04  Reuven PLAYED with fathers BEDS
        CONCLUSION: Reuven inteferred with fathers personal
	life(ruffled bedspreads); Bible condemns Reuven by
	exaggeration; he is accused of incest which he didnt do

=================================================================
THE 3 RABBI ISHMAEL RULES: They govern style(broad vs literal)
REFERENCE:http://www.RashiYomi.com/example1.htm thru example9.htm
=================================================================

* EXAMPLE 1: Simple sentences are always GENERALIZED
            ---------------------------------------
	    Dt25-04a Dont MUZZLE an OX while it is THRESHING
	    Rabbi Ishmael: Dont STOP any ANIMAL from eating
			   while DOING ITS WORK
					
* EXAMPLE 2: GENERAL-EXAMPLE style always interpreted LITERALLY
            --------------------------------------------------
 Nu05-12d (GENERAL) If a women DESECRATES her marriage
	   (EXAMPLE) and commits ADULTERY
	   Rabbi Ishmael: Nu05 only applies to ADULTERY.
	   It does not apply to other marriage DESECRATIONS
			
* EXAMPLE 3: GENERAL-EXAMPLE-GENERAL style intepreted SIMILARLY
            --------------------------------------------------
 Lv05-21b (GENERAL) If a man DENIES under oath
	  (EXAMPLE) ..denies a deposit,loan,theft,wages,lost item
	  (GENERAL) or ANY DENIAL which he denies
 RABBI ISHMAEL: These laws apply to any SIMILAR Example
 * The law applies to partnerships, movables and monetary objects
 * The law does not apply to real-estate or slander

=================================================================
THE CLIMAX RULE: The Bible should be interpreted in such a manner
                that it reflects CLIMACTIC development to a goal
             REFERENCE: http://www.RashiYomi.Com/example9.htm
=================================================================
 EXAMPLE 1: Dt19-11a If a man HATES, SPIES, CONFRONTS & KILLS
 RASHI: Bible identifies 4 stages to murder(Capped)

==============================================================
THE FORMATTING PRINCIPLE: Bible had its own method to mimic
                          bold, bullets, footnotes, paragraphs
==============================================================

* BOLD: Bible REPEATS words to obtain BOLD emphasis effect
          http://www.RashiYomi.Com/doubl-14.htm
  --------------------------------------------------------------
  EXAMPLE 1:(Ex12-09c) COOK COOK it in water (So COOKED is bold)
  INFERENCE: Prefered to COOK it in water;
         But COOK It at all costs(Even if you dont have water)

* BULLETS: Bible indicates bullets by REPEATING KEYWORDS
  --------------------------------------------------------
 Who am I
 - THAT I should go to Pharaoh
 - THAT I should take the Jews out of Egypt (Ex03-11a)
 --------------------------------------------------------
 RASHI: Repeated word THAT creates BULLET effect
 - Pharoh was a difficult king (Bullet one)
 - Jews were not yet ready for freedom (Bullet two)

* FOOTNOTES: The Bible indicates FOOTNOTES by ALMOST DUPLICATING
	     verses but making small minor changes
                http://www.RashiYomi.Com/align-58.htm
  ---------------------------------------------------------------
  EXAMPLE: Ex20-03a
  VERSE        PHRASE #1       PHRASE #2       PHRASE #3
  -------      ---------       ---------       ------------------
  Ex20-03      Dont            POSSESS  the gods of others
  Ex20-04      Dont            MAKE     idols

  RASHI: So both POSSESSion & MAKING of idols are prohibited
  ---------------------------------------------------------------

                           End of Rashi is Simple Digest

#*#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi, 2001 Inc. Dr. Hendel President #*#*#*#*#